郯庐断裂带山东段晚中生代火山岩地球化学特征及其地质意义
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摘要
郯庐断裂带山东段早白垩世发育了大量的青山群火山岩,通过对其进行主量元素、微量元素、Sr-Nd-Pb同位素等地球化学特征和LA-ICP MS法单颗粒锆石U-Pb年代学的研究,首先明确其岩浆活动的具体时限,火山岩的岩石学和地球化学特征;随后示踪岩浆源区的性质,探讨其岩体成因,并结合年代学结果讨论其岩浆演化特征;最后与华北克拉通内同期的岩浆活动进行对比,分析了断裂带下火山岩岩浆源区性质的形成机制。
该青山群火山岩具体喷发时期在120～108Ma之间,经历了约12Ma的喷发历史。研究区火山岩全岩SiO2含量变化于50.5～68.9%之间,属于以玄武岩、英安岩、粗安岩、粗面岩为主的火山岩,是一套橄榄安粗岩系列的高钾钙碱性、准铝质类型的岩石,总体上相对富集Rb、Ba、K等大离子亲石元素(LILE)和轻稀土元素(LREE),相对亏损Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素(HFSE)和重稀土元素(HREE),具有弱的Eu负异常。火山岩的87Sr/86Sr(t)值变化在0.7070～0.7110之间,εNd(t)值变化于-6.8～-19.1之间,显示岩浆具有富集的源区性质。Pb初始同位素的206Pb/204Pb(t)的范围为16.441～17.641,207Pb/204Pb(t)的范围为15.390～15.571,208Pb/204Pb(t)的范围为36.688～37.904。地球化学特征显示,在岩浆活动早期,该火山岩的岩浆来源于华北岩石圈地幔,兼有华北下地壳以及俯冲的扬子陆壳物质的加入,晚期研究区管帅地区部分火山岩显示有亏损的软流圈地幔物质的信息。
早白垩世,郯庐断裂带与华北克拉通东部一起经历了大规模的岩浆活动,标志着大规模岩石圈减薄事件的发生,由于岩石圈的减薄作用软流圈顶面抬升或软流圈上涌,引起岩石圈地幔内热流升高,使岩石圈地幔发生部分熔融。由于印支期俯冲的扬子板块下伏于华北岩石圈下部,其陆壳释放的流体/熔体曾交代上覆华北岩石圈地幔,因而其岩浆携带有扬子俯冲陆壳信息,形成了早期的岩浆喷发;随着岩石圈减薄的进行,岩石圈内热流不断升高,软流圈物质发生部分熔融,与岩石圈地幔内熔体发生混合,晚期研究区管帅地区部分火山岩显示有软流圈亏损的地幔物质的信息。
与华北克拉通内部同期岩浆相比,郯庐断裂带内的岩浆活动具有较早的开始时间和长期的活动历史,岩浆源区较浅。暗示断裂带内岩石圈具有较长的减薄历史和较强的减薄程度,断裂带的存在和活动为岩浆活动提供了良好的通道和有利的条件。
Large-scale volcanic rocks were developed in Qingshan formation from the Shandong segment of the Tan-Lu fault zone, belonging to early Cretaceous. Chronological, geochemical and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic analyses have been carried out on the volcanic rocks along the Shandong segment of the Tan-Lu fault zone. Based on these results, this paper demarcated formation time of these volcanic rocks, summarized nature of their petrology and geochemistry, discussed deep processes of the magmatism,compositions of magma sources, and magmatic evolution features. Based on regional comparsions, this paper also analyzed patterns and characteristics of the magma sources beneath the fault zone.
These volcanic rocks were erupted during the Early Cretaceous, the eruption ages varied from 120Ma to 108Ma with a long period of 12Ma. They had SiO2 of 51.8-55.92%, and constitute mainly basalt, latite, trachyte association, belonging to high-K cal-alkaline shoshonite series. These volcanic rocks were notably rich in LILE(Rb,Ba,K) and LREE, depletes in HFSE(Nb,Ta,Ti) and HREE, with slightly negative Eu anomaly. These rocks have high initial 87Sr/86Sr(t) ratios (0.7070 to 0.7110) and lowεNd(t) values (-6.8 to -19.1), 206Pb/204Pb(t) ratios (16.441 to 17.641), 207Pb/204Pb(t) ratios (15.390 to 15.571), 208Pb/204Pb(t) ratios (36.688 to 37.904). Geochemical characteristics show the earlier magma reflect enriched mantle of the North China craton, and have the information of the crust of the NCC and the lower crust of the Yangtze Block, the later together with a small quantity of melt from the isotopic depleted asthenosphere in Guanshuai.
During the Early Cretaceous, the volcanic activities on the Tan-Lu fault zone and NCC began and indicated the lithosphere thinning. Becauce of the constantly uplifting of the asthenosphere surface and chemical action became gradually strong, thus appeared the partial melting of the mantle of the lithosphere. The deep-subducted lower crust of the Yangtze Block existed under the lithosphere of the NCC, contributed to melt to earlier magma, this melt was generated from the melting of the subducted lower crust of the Yangtze Craton. The asthenosphere upwelling and lithosphere extension play a key factors for the magmatism. The partial melting of the mantle of the lithosphere mixed with the asthenosphere, the later magma together with a small quantity of melt from the isotopic depleted asthenosphere in Guanshuai.
Compared with the volcanic activities inner NCC, the volcanic activities on the Tan-Lu fault zone began earlier and have a comparatively long history, the magma source became shallower. Indicate an intense degree and a long period of of the lithospheric thinning beneath the fault zone, its occurrence and activities provides an routeway and an important role to magma activities.
该青山群火山岩具体喷发时期在120～108Ma之间,经历了约12Ma的喷发历史。研究区火山岩全岩SiO2含量变化于50.5～68.9%之间,属于以玄武岩、英安岩、粗安岩、粗面岩为主的火山岩,是一套橄榄安粗岩系列的高钾钙碱性、准铝质类型的岩石,总体上相对富集Rb、Ba、K等大离子亲石元素(LILE)和轻稀土元素(LREE),相对亏损Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素(HFSE)和重稀土元素(HREE),具有弱的Eu负异常。火山岩的87Sr/86Sr(t)值变化在0.7070～0.7110之间,εNd(t)值变化于-6.8～-19.1之间,显示岩浆具有富集的源区性质。Pb初始同位素的206Pb/204Pb(t)的范围为16.441～17.641,207Pb/204Pb(t)的范围为15.390～15.571,208Pb/204Pb(t)的范围为36.688～37.904。地球化学特征显示,在岩浆活动早期,该火山岩的岩浆来源于华北岩石圈地幔,兼有华北下地壳以及俯冲的扬子陆壳物质的加入,晚期研究区管帅地区部分火山岩显示有亏损的软流圈地幔物质的信息。
早白垩世,郯庐断裂带与华北克拉通东部一起经历了大规模的岩浆活动,标志着大规模岩石圈减薄事件的发生,由于岩石圈的减薄作用软流圈顶面抬升或软流圈上涌,引起岩石圈地幔内热流升高,使岩石圈地幔发生部分熔融。由于印支期俯冲的扬子板块下伏于华北岩石圈下部,其陆壳释放的流体/熔体曾交代上覆华北岩石圈地幔,因而其岩浆携带有扬子俯冲陆壳信息,形成了早期的岩浆喷发;随着岩石圈减薄的进行,岩石圈内热流不断升高,软流圈物质发生部分熔融,与岩石圈地幔内熔体发生混合,晚期研究区管帅地区部分火山岩显示有软流圈亏损的地幔物质的信息。
与华北克拉通内部同期岩浆相比,郯庐断裂带内的岩浆活动具有较早的开始时间和长期的活动历史,岩浆源区较浅。暗示断裂带内岩石圈具有较长的减薄历史和较强的减薄程度,断裂带的存在和活动为岩浆活动提供了良好的通道和有利的条件。
Large-scale volcanic rocks were developed in Qingshan formation from the Shandong segment of the Tan-Lu fault zone, belonging to early Cretaceous. Chronological, geochemical and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic analyses have been carried out on the volcanic rocks along the Shandong segment of the Tan-Lu fault zone. Based on these results, this paper demarcated formation time of these volcanic rocks, summarized nature of their petrology and geochemistry, discussed deep processes of the magmatism,compositions of magma sources, and magmatic evolution features. Based on regional comparsions, this paper also analyzed patterns and characteristics of the magma sources beneath the fault zone.
These volcanic rocks were erupted during the Early Cretaceous, the eruption ages varied from 120Ma to 108Ma with a long period of 12Ma. They had SiO2 of 51.8-55.92%, and constitute mainly basalt, latite, trachyte association, belonging to high-K cal-alkaline shoshonite series. These volcanic rocks were notably rich in LILE(Rb,Ba,K) and LREE, depletes in HFSE(Nb,Ta,Ti) and HREE, with slightly negative Eu anomaly. These rocks have high initial 87Sr/86Sr(t) ratios (0.7070 to 0.7110) and lowεNd(t) values (-6.8 to -19.1), 206Pb/204Pb(t) ratios (16.441 to 17.641), 207Pb/204Pb(t) ratios (15.390 to 15.571), 208Pb/204Pb(t) ratios (36.688 to 37.904). Geochemical characteristics show the earlier magma reflect enriched mantle of the North China craton, and have the information of the crust of the NCC and the lower crust of the Yangtze Block, the later together with a small quantity of melt from the isotopic depleted asthenosphere in Guanshuai.
During the Early Cretaceous, the volcanic activities on the Tan-Lu fault zone and NCC began and indicated the lithosphere thinning. Becauce of the constantly uplifting of the asthenosphere surface and chemical action became gradually strong, thus appeared the partial melting of the mantle of the lithosphere. The deep-subducted lower crust of the Yangtze Block existed under the lithosphere of the NCC, contributed to melt to earlier magma, this melt was generated from the melting of the subducted lower crust of the Yangtze Craton. The asthenosphere upwelling and lithosphere extension play a key factors for the magmatism. The partial melting of the mantle of the lithosphere mixed with the asthenosphere, the later magma together with a small quantity of melt from the isotopic depleted asthenosphere in Guanshuai.
Compared with the volcanic activities inner NCC, the volcanic activities on the Tan-Lu fault zone began earlier and have a comparatively long history, the magma source became shallower. Indicate an intense degree and a long period of of the lithospheric thinning beneath the fault zone, its occurrence and activities provides an routeway and an important role to magma activities.
引文
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