塔南凹陷储层成岩作用特征及“灰色理论”在储层评价中应用
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摘要
本文在已收集资料整理基础上,通过对普通薄片、铸体薄片、图像分析及扫描电镜照片观察等技术手段,确定了塔南凹陷铜钵庙组、南屯组一段及南屯组二段的岩石类型及岩石学特征,不同岩性发育的成岩作用类型、成岩共生序列、成岩阶段、孔隙类型及孔隙结构,总结储层物性特征,查明物性的分布特征及异常孔隙发育的深度及可能原因。
最终选取孔隙度、渗透率、碳酸盐含量、力度均值及排驱压力作为储层评价的参数,利用“灰色理论”原理来对塔南凹陷目的层位进行储层评价,确定目的层位有利储层的分布区域及与沉积相之间的相互关系,得出铜钵庙组储层级别不如南屯组好,且好储层多发于在扇三角洲前缘区,高凝灰质物质的溶蚀是铜钵庙组较好级别储层发育的影响因素,南屯组一段则主要由物源区和岩性等因素控制好级别储层的分布,南屯组二段由于数据的限制目前无明显的认识。
This paper take Tanan area of Tamuchage Basin for example, studying on the diagenesis, the reservoir characters,Pore structure and evaluate the reservoir by use of“grey theory”.
Routine thin sections identification, observation of casting thin sections, observation of SEM and image analysis were adopted on the study.
Through date collection and thin sections identification the mainly rock types of tongbomiao formation were tuffaceous sandstone, secondary of sandstone, a mount of sedimentary tuff.The frist member of nantun formation was made up by sandstone and tuffaceous sandstone, little tuff while the second member was composed of sandstone and tuffaceous sandstone.
The diagenesis characteristics of Tongbomiao Formation and Nantun Formation was investigated by ordinary thin-section,casting thin-section identification and SEM analysis,combining with the data collected. The main types of diagenesis included compaction, devitrification, alteration, cementation,clay minerals,erosion and dissolution, among this cementation and erosion and dissolution were most;According to the symbiosis of authigenic minerals, the paragenesis of diagenetic was mechanical filtration,authigenic clay mineral coating - devitrification, compaction- erosion and dissolution, chlorite, quartz secondary overgrowth, illite, authigenic quartz microlite - siderite, micritic carbonate, kaolinite, albite, sericite - calcite, dolomite. According to vitrinite reflectance and authigenic clay mineral association,the diagenetic phase of sandstones from Tongbomiao Formation and Nantun Formation was mostly in middle diagenetic A phase, little early diagenetic B phase.
Through the study of casting thin-section identification and image analysis we conclude the mainly type of reservoir space was solution intergranular pore and solution intragranular pore and the solution intergranular pore was made up by feldspar dissolution and debris dissolution in sandstone while volcanic material dissolution in tuff. Based on the analysis of the mercury penetration data, the grade of the reservoir pore structure was mainly better, the other is poor and a little of good grade, the rock style has influenced reservoir pore structure for the grade in sandstone is better than tuffaceous sandstone, tuff worst.
The porosity and permeability of reservoir indicate that the Objective Formation was extra middle-low porosity, extra middle-low permeability and high carbonate cementation. The reservoir physical properties has tendency to increase from tongbomiao Formation to secondary member of nantun Formation, The reservoir physical properties distribution circle in the plane. In the middle part of depression was poor, lower-level, while the edge of the depression is relatively good physical properties. There were there abnormally high porosity zone in vertical, corresponding to 1900m ~ 2100m, 2500m ~ 2900m and 3400m, guess the cause of abnormally high porosity maybe connect with chlorite content, erosion and dissolution and mechanical filtration .
Select the porosity, permeability, carbonate content, mean size and displacement pressure as parameters, using the "Grey theory" principle to evaluation reservoir of the Objective Formation in Tanan depression and divided the reservoir into four levels, from one to four levels corresponding to good, better, middle and poor grades, mainly composed of two and there levels. Meanwhile determine the relationship between distribution of favorable reservoir and the sedimentary facies, the good levels of favorable reservoir mainly distribution in the fan delta front areas. In addition, Nantun Formation reservoir grade is better than Tongbomiao Formation. For Tongbomiao Formation, high tuffaceous material erosion and tectonic activity were the influence factors for good reservoir, while provenance areas and Sedimentary facies as influence factors for frist member of Nantun Formation, there is no understanding of secondary member of Nantun Formation for data limitation.
最终选取孔隙度、渗透率、碳酸盐含量、力度均值及排驱压力作为储层评价的参数,利用“灰色理论”原理来对塔南凹陷目的层位进行储层评价,确定目的层位有利储层的分布区域及与沉积相之间的相互关系,得出铜钵庙组储层级别不如南屯组好,且好储层多发于在扇三角洲前缘区,高凝灰质物质的溶蚀是铜钵庙组较好级别储层发育的影响因素,南屯组一段则主要由物源区和岩性等因素控制好级别储层的分布,南屯组二段由于数据的限制目前无明显的认识。
This paper take Tanan area of Tamuchage Basin for example, studying on the diagenesis, the reservoir characters,Pore structure and evaluate the reservoir by use of“grey theory”.
Routine thin sections identification, observation of casting thin sections, observation of SEM and image analysis were adopted on the study.
Through date collection and thin sections identification the mainly rock types of tongbomiao formation were tuffaceous sandstone, secondary of sandstone, a mount of sedimentary tuff.The frist member of nantun formation was made up by sandstone and tuffaceous sandstone, little tuff while the second member was composed of sandstone and tuffaceous sandstone.
The diagenesis characteristics of Tongbomiao Formation and Nantun Formation was investigated by ordinary thin-section,casting thin-section identification and SEM analysis,combining with the data collected. The main types of diagenesis included compaction, devitrification, alteration, cementation,clay minerals,erosion and dissolution, among this cementation and erosion and dissolution were most;According to the symbiosis of authigenic minerals, the paragenesis of diagenetic was mechanical filtration,authigenic clay mineral coating - devitrification, compaction- erosion and dissolution, chlorite, quartz secondary overgrowth, illite, authigenic quartz microlite - siderite, micritic carbonate, kaolinite, albite, sericite - calcite, dolomite. According to vitrinite reflectance and authigenic clay mineral association,the diagenetic phase of sandstones from Tongbomiao Formation and Nantun Formation was mostly in middle diagenetic A phase, little early diagenetic B phase.
Through the study of casting thin-section identification and image analysis we conclude the mainly type of reservoir space was solution intergranular pore and solution intragranular pore and the solution intergranular pore was made up by feldspar dissolution and debris dissolution in sandstone while volcanic material dissolution in tuff. Based on the analysis of the mercury penetration data, the grade of the reservoir pore structure was mainly better, the other is poor and a little of good grade, the rock style has influenced reservoir pore structure for the grade in sandstone is better than tuffaceous sandstone, tuff worst.
The porosity and permeability of reservoir indicate that the Objective Formation was extra middle-low porosity, extra middle-low permeability and high carbonate cementation. The reservoir physical properties has tendency to increase from tongbomiao Formation to secondary member of nantun Formation, The reservoir physical properties distribution circle in the plane. In the middle part of depression was poor, lower-level, while the edge of the depression is relatively good physical properties. There were there abnormally high porosity zone in vertical, corresponding to 1900m ~ 2100m, 2500m ~ 2900m and 3400m, guess the cause of abnormally high porosity maybe connect with chlorite content, erosion and dissolution and mechanical filtration .
Select the porosity, permeability, carbonate content, mean size and displacement pressure as parameters, using the "Grey theory" principle to evaluation reservoir of the Objective Formation in Tanan depression and divided the reservoir into four levels, from one to four levels corresponding to good, better, middle and poor grades, mainly composed of two and there levels. Meanwhile determine the relationship between distribution of favorable reservoir and the sedimentary facies, the good levels of favorable reservoir mainly distribution in the fan delta front areas. In addition, Nantun Formation reservoir grade is better than Tongbomiao Formation. For Tongbomiao Formation, high tuffaceous material erosion and tectonic activity were the influence factors for good reservoir, while provenance areas and Sedimentary facies as influence factors for frist member of Nantun Formation, there is no understanding of secondary member of Nantun Formation for data limitation.
引文
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