论我国生育文明建设
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摘要
作为社会发展的必然产物和社会文明的重要组成部分,生育文明是我国人口与计划生育工作的客观要求,代表着人口与计划生育工作的发展方向。生育文明主要包括生育观念文明、生育制度文明、生育科技文明、生育行为文明、生育管理与服务文明等五个方面的内容。生育文明建设不仅是我国综合解决人口问题、顺利开展人口与计划生育工作的必要条件,而且有利于实现人的全面发展、有利于提高人们的民主意识、有利于促进新农村建设。在生育文明建设过程中,本着以人为本、可持续发展、系统论和服务群众的原则,我国开展了婚育新风进万家活动、关爱女孩行动、对农村计划生育家庭的奖励扶助、避孕节育知情选择和优质服务活动等一系列生育文明建设的实践活动,并且取得了很好的效果。笔者认为,生育文明评估是生育文明建设的一个重要环节,通过评估可以全面、系统、客观地反映生育文明建设现状,总结经验,发现问题,提出改进方案,为国家和各级政府及有关部门在政策制定、科学决策、项目安排和资金发放等方面提供重要参考,为制定人口发展战略、实施生育文明建设方案提供客观、公正、可靠的依据,推进生育文明建设工作的进一步开展。为了全面、准确、清晰地反映生育文明的发展状况,笔者按照统计分析原则和指标体系建立方法,从生育文明所包含的五方面内容入手,构建了一套科学、合理、可行的评估指标体系；并提出应从制度建设、宣传教育、物质保障等方面深入推进我国生育文明建设进程的对策建议。
Be the social development inevitable outcome and the civilized important component of society, fertility civilization is our country population and family planning objective requirement. It stands for the direction of population and family planning. Fertility civilization includes fertility concept civilization, fertility system civilization, fertility science and technology civilization, fertility behavior civilization, fertility management and service civilization. Fertility civilization construction is helpful for the following items, resolve population problem, population and family planning, overall development of human being, improving people democratic mental consciousness, new rural construction. Based on people-oriented, sustainable development, systematic, serving people, our country has done a lot for the fertility civilization construction. For example, the new baby-raising custom, caring of girls, reward for the rural people obeying family planning, knowledge of birthing control methods, first class of service. Those activities come to good effect. The author thinks, the evaluation of fertility civilization is an important part of fertility civilization construction. Through the evaluation, we could get an overall, objective, systematic knowledge, of fertility civilization construction. And our department may find the problems and resolve them. The evaluation is sure to be useful for our government making plans. In one word, this article will help the fertility civilization construction make more progress. Such as policy making, project arrangement, cash planning. For a clear situation of fertility civilization construction, the author builds method according to statistic analysis principle and index system. Begins at the five aspects of fertility civilization construction, the author has structured a set of science, rational, feasible index system. And the article gives suggestions for the fertility civilization construction. For example, system construction, propaganda and education, material guarantee.
Be the social development inevitable outcome and the civilized important component of society, fertility civilization is our country population and family planning objective requirement. It stands for the direction of population and family planning. Fertility civilization includes fertility concept civilization, fertility system civilization, fertility science and technology civilization, fertility behavior civilization, fertility management and service civilization. Fertility civilization construction is helpful for the following items, resolve population problem, population and family planning, overall development of human being, improving people democratic mental consciousness, new rural construction. Based on people-oriented, sustainable development, systematic, serving people, our country has done a lot for the fertility civilization construction. For example, the new baby-raising custom, caring of girls, reward for the rural people obeying family planning, knowledge of birthing control methods, first class of service. Those activities come to good effect. The author thinks, the evaluation of fertility civilization is an important part of fertility civilization construction. Through the evaluation, we could get an overall, objective, systematic knowledge, of fertility civilization construction. And our department may find the problems and resolve them. The evaluation is sure to be useful for our government making plans. In one word, this article will help the fertility civilization construction make more progress. Such as policy making, project arrangement, cash planning. For a clear situation of fertility civilization construction, the author builds method according to statistic analysis principle and index system. Begins at the five aspects of fertility civilization construction, the author has structured a set of science, rational, feasible index system. And the article gives suggestions for the fertility civilization construction. For example, system construction, propaganda and education, material guarantee.
引文
[1]吕红平,王冬梅.论生育文明[J].人口与计划生育,2004，(3)
[2]韩永江.信息社会生育文化展望[J].市场与人口分析,2004，(3)
[3]李文映.生育文明的实践探索与理性思考.中国人口网,2006-03-08.http://www.chinapop.gov.cn/rkzh/rk/rkysh/t20060308_56719.htm.
[4]莫丽霞,陈胜利,林盛中.生育文明是计划生育的前进方向[J].人口与计划生育,2006，(6)
[5]王磊,王晶.生育文明与出生人口性别比的平衡[J].延边大学学报(社会科学版),2006，(2)
[6]宋贤能等.生育文化、生育文明建设的实践和思考[J].人口与计划生育,2006，(7)
[7]崔义成,於全收，项桂芳.论生育文明建设[J].十堰职业技术学院学报,2006,(6)
[8]廖巍.五大工程打造生育文明[J].人口与计划生育,2003，(8)
[9]叶中章.奏响融合乐章建设生育文明[J].人口与计划生育,2007,’(1)
[10]王美春.生育文明与和谐社会建设[J].咸宁学院学报,2007，(2).
[11]陈胜利,周长洪.生育文化指数[M].北京：中国人口出版社,2005.
[12]陈正.生育文明指标体系及其评价方法研究[J].人口与计划生育,2006,(12).
[13]陈莉芳,魏鹏程.生育文明及其建设探析[J].绍兴文理学院学报,2006，(3)
[14]张纯元,陈胜利.生育文化学[M].北京：中国人口出版社,2004.
[15]陈景.生育文明与新农村建设关系浅谈[J].南京人口管理干部学院学报,2007，(3)
[16]刘晓梅.论生育文明与新农村建设[J].人口研究,2006,(5).
[17]王冬梅,韩进军.生育文明研究的价值取向[J].人口与计划生育,2006，(8)
[18]张晓同,谢家金,张道光.生育文明与新农村建设[J].人口与计划生育,2006,(4)
[19]国家人口和计划生育委员会宣传教育司.生育文明[M].北京：中国人口出版社,2005.
[20]Leibenstein. H.. The economic theory of fertility decline[J]. Quarterly Journal of Economics.1975, Vol.89, No.1.
[21]J. Cleland, J. Verrall and M. Vaessen. Preferences for the sex of Children and their Influence on Reproductive Behavior [J]. Voorburg:WFS Comparative Studies,1983, (27)
[22]郭曼东.论生育文化和生育文明[J].人口学刊,2007，(3)
[23]为何坚持以人为本、全面协调可持续科学发展观？.新华网,2004-10-24.http://news.xinhuanet.com/newscenter/2004-10/24/content_2132089.htm.
[24]李竞能.人口理论新编[M].北京：中国人口出版社,2001.
[25]潘贵玉主编.婚姻新风博览[M].北京：中国人口出版社,2003.
[26]国家人口和计划生育委员会宣传教育司.婚育新风进万家评估材料汇编[M].北京：中国人口出
版社,2006.
[27]汤兆云.出生性别比失衡挑战社会可持续发展.光明日报,2006-09-28.http://www.gmw.cn/01 gmrb/2006-09/28/content_486518.htm.
[28]穆光宗.“关爱女孩行动”与出生人口性别比问题治理[J].市场与人口分析,2006，(3).
[29]李树茁,李艳.大学生青年志愿者“关爱女孩行动”专题调查研究[J].人口与计划生育,2007，(8)
[30]姜向群,邬沧萍,陈艳.关爱女孩行动的社会背景及其公共管理学分析[J].市场与人口分析,2004,(4)
[31]关爱女孩行动：国家人口计生委主任张维庆在全国关爱女孩行动试点工作座谈会上的讲话.中国人口网,2004-03-02.http://www.chinapop.gov.cn/girl/ldjh/t20040302_13112.htm.
[32]席小平,陈胜利.关爱女孩行动评估[M].北京：中国人口出版社,2005.
[33]农村部分计划生育家庭奖励扶助制度试点协调小组办公室.农村部分计划生育家庭奖励扶助制度管理规范[M].北京：中国人口出版社,2006.
[34]财政部——在全国农村人口和计划生育工作会议上的发言[J].人口与计划生育,2007，(12)
[35]杨云彦等.农村部分计划生育家庭奖励扶助制度的评估分析[J].人口与计划生育,2007，(12)
[36]中国避孕节育优质服务工程办公室.避孕节育知情规范.http://www.blcu.edu.cn/xyy/xingzhishijie-2.html.
[37]张原震.河南省农村育龄妇女知情选择能力及其影响因素分析[J].人口研究,2007，(4)
[38]中国计划生育优质服务.http://61.167.121.132/corporation/jisheng/y l_old.htm.
[39]国家人口和计划生育委员会.中国人口和计划生育史[M].北京：中国人口出版社,2007.
[40]Bongaarts, John. A framework for analyzing the proximate determinants of fertility [J]. Population and Development Review.1978, Vol.4, No.1.
[41]张耀军,陈达,杨凡.农村青少年发展指标体系及评价方法初探[J].人口研究,2006，(6)
[42]魏鹏程,陈莉芳.生育文明建设的举措与评估体系的构建[J].人口与计划生育,2006,(11)
[43]李林杰,董正信.经济应用统计学[M].北京：中国物资出版社,2001.
[44]苏为华.多指标综合评价理论与方法问题研究[Z].厦门大学博士学位论文,2000-9-10.
[45]Wolf, Arthur. The predominant role of government intervention in China's family revolution [J]. Population and Development Review.1986, Vol.12, No.2.
[46]李万郴.其它社会政策与计划生育政策不兼容的现状及对策建议[J].人口研究,2007，(4)
[47]陈景.我国城市养老方式多元化探索[J].合作经济与科技,2007,(15)
[48]郭士征.社会保障研究[M].上海：上海财经大学出版社,2005.
[49]国家人口和计划生育委员会宣传教育司.人口和计划生育宣传教育[M].北京：中国人口出版社,2005.
[50]N. Federici, K. O. Mason and S. Songner. Women's Position and Demographic Change[M]. Oxford: Clarendon Press,1993.
[51]吕红平,陈胜利.社会性别与人口发展[M].北京：中国人口出版社,2005.
[2]韩永江.信息社会生育文化展望[J].市场与人口分析,2004，(3)
[3]李文映.生育文明的实践探索与理性思考.中国人口网,2006-03-08.http://www.chinapop.gov.cn/rkzh/rk/rkysh/t20060308_56719.htm.
[4]莫丽霞,陈胜利,林盛中.生育文明是计划生育的前进方向[J].人口与计划生育,2006，(6)
[5]王磊,王晶.生育文明与出生人口性别比的平衡[J].延边大学学报(社会科学版),2006，(2)
[6]宋贤能等.生育文化、生育文明建设的实践和思考[J].人口与计划生育,2006，(7)
[7]崔义成,於全收，项桂芳.论生育文明建设[J].十堰职业技术学院学报,2006,(6)
[8]廖巍.五大工程打造生育文明[J].人口与计划生育,2003，(8)
[9]叶中章.奏响融合乐章建设生育文明[J].人口与计划生育,2007,’(1)
[10]王美春.生育文明与和谐社会建设[J].咸宁学院学报,2007，(2).
[11]陈胜利,周长洪.生育文化指数[M].北京：中国人口出版社,2005.
[12]陈正.生育文明指标体系及其评价方法研究[J].人口与计划生育,2006,(12).
[13]陈莉芳,魏鹏程.生育文明及其建设探析[J].绍兴文理学院学报,2006，(3)
[14]张纯元,陈胜利.生育文化学[M].北京：中国人口出版社,2004.
[15]陈景.生育文明与新农村建设关系浅谈[J].南京人口管理干部学院学报,2007，(3)
[16]刘晓梅.论生育文明与新农村建设[J].人口研究,2006,(5).
[17]王冬梅,韩进军.生育文明研究的价值取向[J].人口与计划生育,2006，(8)
[18]张晓同,谢家金,张道光.生育文明与新农村建设[J].人口与计划生育,2006,(4)
[19]国家人口和计划生育委员会宣传教育司.生育文明[M].北京：中国人口出版社,2005.
[20]Leibenstein. H.. The economic theory of fertility decline[J]. Quarterly Journal of Economics.1975, Vol.89, No.1.
[21]J. Cleland, J. Verrall and M. Vaessen. Preferences for the sex of Children and their Influence on Reproductive Behavior [J]. Voorburg:WFS Comparative Studies,1983, (27)
[22]郭曼东.论生育文化和生育文明[J].人口学刊,2007，(3)
[23]为何坚持以人为本、全面协调可持续科学发展观？.新华网,2004-10-24.http://news.xinhuanet.com/newscenter/2004-10/24/content_2132089.htm.
[24]李竞能.人口理论新编[M].北京：中国人口出版社,2001.
[25]潘贵玉主编.婚姻新风博览[M].北京：中国人口出版社,2003.
[26]国家人口和计划生育委员会宣传教育司.婚育新风进万家评估材料汇编[M].北京：中国人口出
版社,2006.
[27]汤兆云.出生性别比失衡挑战社会可持续发展.光明日报,2006-09-28.http://www.gmw.cn/01 gmrb/2006-09/28/content_486518.htm.
[28]穆光宗.“关爱女孩行动”与出生人口性别比问题治理[J].市场与人口分析,2006，(3).
[29]李树茁,李艳.大学生青年志愿者“关爱女孩行动”专题调查研究[J].人口与计划生育,2007，(8)
[30]姜向群,邬沧萍,陈艳.关爱女孩行动的社会背景及其公共管理学分析[J].市场与人口分析,2004,(4)
[31]关爱女孩行动：国家人口计生委主任张维庆在全国关爱女孩行动试点工作座谈会上的讲话.中国人口网,2004-03-02.http://www.chinapop.gov.cn/girl/ldjh/t20040302_13112.htm.
[32]席小平,陈胜利.关爱女孩行动评估[M].北京：中国人口出版社,2005.
[33]农村部分计划生育家庭奖励扶助制度试点协调小组办公室.农村部分计划生育家庭奖励扶助制度管理规范[M].北京：中国人口出版社,2006.
[34]财政部——在全国农村人口和计划生育工作会议上的发言[J].人口与计划生育,2007，(12)
[35]杨云彦等.农村部分计划生育家庭奖励扶助制度的评估分析[J].人口与计划生育,2007，(12)
[36]中国避孕节育优质服务工程办公室.避孕节育知情规范.http://www.blcu.edu.cn/xyy/xingzhishijie-2.html.
[37]张原震.河南省农村育龄妇女知情选择能力及其影响因素分析[J].人口研究,2007，(4)
[38]中国计划生育优质服务.http://61.167.121.132/corporation/jisheng/y l_old.htm.
[39]国家人口和计划生育委员会.中国人口和计划生育史[M].北京：中国人口出版社,2007.
[40]Bongaarts, John. A framework for analyzing the proximate determinants of fertility [J]. Population and Development Review.1978, Vol.4, No.1.
[41]张耀军,陈达,杨凡.农村青少年发展指标体系及评价方法初探[J].人口研究,2006，(6)
[42]魏鹏程,陈莉芳.生育文明建设的举措与评估体系的构建[J].人口与计划生育,2006,(11)
[43]李林杰,董正信.经济应用统计学[M].北京：中国物资出版社,2001.
[44]苏为华.多指标综合评价理论与方法问题研究[Z].厦门大学博士学位论文,2000-9-10.
[45]Wolf, Arthur. The predominant role of government intervention in China's family revolution [J]. Population and Development Review.1986, Vol.12, No.2.
[46]李万郴.其它社会政策与计划生育政策不兼容的现状及对策建议[J].人口研究,2007，(4)
[47]陈景.我国城市养老方式多元化探索[J].合作经济与科技,2007,(15)
[48]郭士征.社会保障研究[M].上海：上海财经大学出版社,2005.
[49]国家人口和计划生育委员会宣传教育司.人口和计划生育宣传教育[M].北京：中国人口出版社,2005.
[50]N. Federici, K. O. Mason and S. Songner. Women's Position and Demographic Change[M]. Oxford: Clarendon Press,1993.
[51]吕红平,陈胜利.社会性别与人口发展[M].北京：中国人口出版社,2005.