郑州市居民精神卫生知识知晓率及对精神疾病态度的调查
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摘要
目的
了解郑州市居民精神卫生知识知晓率及对精神疾病态度的现状,探讨影响知晓率及居民态度的相关因素,为深入开展精神卫生工作提供理论基础。
方法
采用多阶段、分层、整群随机抽样方法,从郑州市12个区(县)范围内抽取8个社区(行政村)；对社区(行政村)内所有15岁以上的居民,共37201人进行精神卫生知识知晓率及对精神疾病态度问题的调查。于2011年12月至2012年4月,采用入户调查方式,对调查对象进行调查。采用自制《个人基本信息调查表》记录被调查者基本信息,采用《心理健康知识问卷》及《精神疾病态度问卷》进行精神卫生知识知晓率及精神疾病态度的调查研究。
使用EPIDATA3.0数据库双录入数据,并采用SPSS18.0进行统计分析。精神卫生知识知晓情况调查结果,采用构成比描述、组间差异比较用x2检验；对态度问卷的结果用(x±s)描述,组间比较采用t检验或方差分析,α取值0.05。
结果
1精神卫生知识知晓率
郑州市居民精神卫生知识知晓率为57.19%,其中基本知晓率为35.33%,部分知晓率为52.09%,较少知晓率为12.58%。
2精神卫生知识知晓率的分布
郑州市城市居民计生卫生只是知晓率较农训居民的知晓率高(χ2=8.64,p=0.003)。国家重性精神疾病“686”项目区的居民精神卫生知识知晓率于非“686”项目区的居民(χ2=57.85,p<0.0001)。精神卫生知识知晓率随着学历的增高而增高(χ2=860.81,p<0.0001),男性同胞与女性同胞精神卫生知识知晓率相比之间差异统计学意义(χ2=0.15,p=0.704).
3对精神疾病态度的现况
郑州市居民对精神病态度总得分为(37.30±4.84)分,30.19%的郑州市居民对精神病患者持负性态度,31.40%的居民持正性态度,38.41%的居民选择中立态度。
4对精神疾病态度的分布
郑州市居民对精神疾病态度,男性通报与女性同胞得分相比差异无显著性(t=0.20,p=0.816).城市居民较农村居民对精神疾病态度得分低(t=-100.79,p0.0001),“686”项目区的居民较非“686”项目区的居民对精神疾病态度更正面(t=46.23,p<0.0001)。在一定范围内,学历越高对精神病态度越好(F=3.38,p=0.017)。
结论
1,郑州市居民对精神卫生知识知晓率偏低；
2、郑州市居民对精神疾病患者持正性态度的比例较低；
3,精神卫生知晓率及对精神疾病态度受地区差异、受教育程度及政府投入力度等因素影响
Objectives
To understand the status of mental health knowledge and attitude to mental disorder in inhabitants of Zhengzhou, to discuss the relevant factors of awareness about mental knowledge and attitude to Psychosis, and used the data to develop the mental health work.
Methods
Using multi-stage stratified cluster randomization identified eight communities in12districts of Zhengzhou, and37201individuals more than15years old. The subjects were investigated between December,2011and April,2012indoor. The survey was used Personal basic information questionnaire, Mental health knowledge questionnaire, and Attitude to mental illness questionnaire.
The data was collected using EPIDATA3.0database.lt was analyzed by SPSS18.0. The data of mental health was used Proportion descriptive statistics and chi-square test. The data of attitude was descripted using(x±s), T test and F test were applied in the intergroup comparison, the Alpha value was0.05.
Results
1Mental health knowledge awareness rate
The mental health knowledge awareness rate was57.19%in the no less than15ages residents of Zhengzhou. The rate of basic awareness was35.33%, the rate of partial awareness was52.09%, and the rate of less awareness was12.58%.
2Mental health knowledge awareness rate of distribution
The mental health awareness rate was more prevalent in urban than rural (χ2=8.64, P=0.003). The mental awareness rate was more prevalent in "686" project areas than other areas (χ2=57.85, P<0.0001). The higher the degree, the better mental health awareness rate (χ2=860.81, p<0.0001). There was no significant difference in the mental health awareness rate between female and male (x2=0.15, P=0.704).
3The current situation of attitudes to mental illness
The scores of attitude to mental illness was (37.30±4.84) in the no less than15ages residents of Zhengzhou. The rate of negative attitudes to mental illness was30.19%. The rate of positive attitudes to mental illness was31.40%. The rate of neutralizing attitudes to mental illness was38.41%.
4Attitude to the mental disorder of distribution
There was no significant difference in the scores of attitude to the mental illness between male and female (t=0.20,P=0.816). It was lower in urban than in rural that the scores of attitude to the mental illness (t=-100.79, p<0.0001). The attitude to the mental illness was better in "686" project areas than other areas (t=46.23, P<0.0001). There was significant difference in the scores of attitude to the mental illness in different education (F=3.38, P=0.017).
Conclusions
1.It was low that mental health knowledge awareness rate in Zhengzhou City.
2.There was low proportion of positive attitude to patients with mental illness.
3.The mental health knowledge awareness and attitude towards mental illness by affected factors, such as regional differences, level of education and so on.
了解郑州市居民精神卫生知识知晓率及对精神疾病态度的现状,探讨影响知晓率及居民态度的相关因素,为深入开展精神卫生工作提供理论基础。
方法
采用多阶段、分层、整群随机抽样方法,从郑州市12个区(县)范围内抽取8个社区(行政村)；对社区(行政村)内所有15岁以上的居民,共37201人进行精神卫生知识知晓率及对精神疾病态度问题的调查。于2011年12月至2012年4月,采用入户调查方式,对调查对象进行调查。采用自制《个人基本信息调查表》记录被调查者基本信息,采用《心理健康知识问卷》及《精神疾病态度问卷》进行精神卫生知识知晓率及精神疾病态度的调查研究。
使用EPIDATA3.0数据库双录入数据,并采用SPSS18.0进行统计分析。精神卫生知识知晓情况调查结果,采用构成比描述、组间差异比较用x2检验；对态度问卷的结果用(x±s)描述,组间比较采用t检验或方差分析,α取值0.05。
结果
1精神卫生知识知晓率
郑州市居民精神卫生知识知晓率为57.19%,其中基本知晓率为35.33%,部分知晓率为52.09%,较少知晓率为12.58%。
2精神卫生知识知晓率的分布
郑州市城市居民计生卫生只是知晓率较农训居民的知晓率高(χ2=8.64,p=0.003)。国家重性精神疾病“686”项目区的居民精神卫生知识知晓率于非“686”项目区的居民(χ2=57.85,p<0.0001)。精神卫生知识知晓率随着学历的增高而增高(χ2=860.81,p<0.0001),男性同胞与女性同胞精神卫生知识知晓率相比之间差异统计学意义(χ2=0.15,p=0.704).
3对精神疾病态度的现况
郑州市居民对精神病态度总得分为(37.30±4.84)分,30.19%的郑州市居民对精神病患者持负性态度,31.40%的居民持正性态度,38.41%的居民选择中立态度。
4对精神疾病态度的分布
郑州市居民对精神疾病态度,男性通报与女性同胞得分相比差异无显著性(t=0.20,p=0.816).城市居民较农村居民对精神疾病态度得分低(t=-100.79,p0.0001),“686”项目区的居民较非“686”项目区的居民对精神疾病态度更正面(t=46.23,p<0.0001)。在一定范围内,学历越高对精神病态度越好(F=3.38,p=0.017)。
结论
1,郑州市居民对精神卫生知识知晓率偏低；
2、郑州市居民对精神疾病患者持正性态度的比例较低；
3,精神卫生知晓率及对精神疾病态度受地区差异、受教育程度及政府投入力度等因素影响
Objectives
To understand the status of mental health knowledge and attitude to mental disorder in inhabitants of Zhengzhou, to discuss the relevant factors of awareness about mental knowledge and attitude to Psychosis, and used the data to develop the mental health work.
Methods
Using multi-stage stratified cluster randomization identified eight communities in12districts of Zhengzhou, and37201individuals more than15years old. The subjects were investigated between December,2011and April,2012indoor. The survey was used Personal basic information questionnaire, Mental health knowledge questionnaire, and Attitude to mental illness questionnaire.
The data was collected using EPIDATA3.0database.lt was analyzed by SPSS18.0. The data of mental health was used Proportion descriptive statistics and chi-square test. The data of attitude was descripted using(x±s), T test and F test were applied in the intergroup comparison, the Alpha value was0.05.
Results
1Mental health knowledge awareness rate
The mental health knowledge awareness rate was57.19%in the no less than15ages residents of Zhengzhou. The rate of basic awareness was35.33%, the rate of partial awareness was52.09%, and the rate of less awareness was12.58%.
2Mental health knowledge awareness rate of distribution
The mental health awareness rate was more prevalent in urban than rural (χ2=8.64, P=0.003). The mental awareness rate was more prevalent in "686" project areas than other areas (χ2=57.85, P<0.0001). The higher the degree, the better mental health awareness rate (χ2=860.81, p<0.0001). There was no significant difference in the mental health awareness rate between female and male (x2=0.15, P=0.704).
3The current situation of attitudes to mental illness
The scores of attitude to mental illness was (37.30±4.84) in the no less than15ages residents of Zhengzhou. The rate of negative attitudes to mental illness was30.19%. The rate of positive attitudes to mental illness was31.40%. The rate of neutralizing attitudes to mental illness was38.41%.
4Attitude to the mental disorder of distribution
There was no significant difference in the scores of attitude to the mental illness between male and female (t=0.20,P=0.816). It was lower in urban than in rural that the scores of attitude to the mental illness (t=-100.79, p<0.0001). The attitude to the mental illness was better in "686" project areas than other areas (t=46.23, P<0.0001). There was significant difference in the scores of attitude to the mental illness in different education (F=3.38, P=0.017).
Conclusions
1.It was low that mental health knowledge awareness rate in Zhengzhou City.
2.There was low proportion of positive attitude to patients with mental illness.
3.The mental health knowledge awareness and attitude towards mental illness by affected factors, such as regional differences, level of education and so on.
引文
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[1]Blashki G, Judd F, Piterman L. General practice psychiatry [M]. Sydney:McGraw Hill, 2007:2.
[2]Charles Je, Britt H, Fahridin S, et al. Mental health in general practice[J]. Australia Family Physician,2007,36 (3):200-201.
[3]Kessler RC, Berglund P, Demler O, et al. The epideminology of major depressive diorder. Results from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication[J]. JAMA,2003,289: 3095-3109.
[4]World Health Organization. The global burden of disease:2004 update [Z]. WHO Library Cataloguing-in-publication Data,2008:36-37.
[5]12地区精神疾病流行病学调查协作组.国内12地区精神疾病流行病学调查的方法学及资料分析[J].中华精神科杂志,1986,19(2)：65—67.
[6]张维熙,沈渔邨,李淑然,等.中国七个地区精神疾病流行病学调查[J].中华精神科杂志,1998,31(2)：69—71.
[7]陈贺龙,胡斌,陈宪生,等.2002年江西省精神疾病患病率调查.中华精神科杂志[J].2004,37(3)：172—175.
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[9]李建峰,江琴普,栗克清,等.河北承德地区精神疾病流行病学调查[J].临床精神医学杂志,2008,18(1)：23—25.
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[14]汪润炎,陈丽华.精神卫生事业纳入公卫体系是发展精神卫生事业的重要保证[J].医学与社会,2005,18(4)：25.
[15]WHO. Mental health:new understangding, new hope[M]. The World Health Report. Genva: World Health Organitation,2001.
[16]Borges G, Nock MK, Haro Abad JM, et al. Twelve-month prevalence of and risk factors for suicide attempts in the World Health Organizetion World Mental Health Surveys [J]. Clin Psychiatry,2010,71:1617-1628.
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