微晶玻璃—陶瓷复合曲面板的应力研究
摘要
现代建筑发展的趋势之一是大量采用“曲面圆角”的建筑造型取代传统的、呆板的“平面直角”造型,微晶玻璃陶瓷曲面板是以超大规格微晶玻璃-陶瓷复合平板为基材,经高温弯曲、抛光、精确切割制造的,其强度是天然花岗岩的三倍,是永久性的,具有镜面效果和任意半径、质感优良、凹凸面均可为抛光面的新型高级曲面装饰材料,可以适用于建筑物几乎所有的弧面部位,使建筑物具有整体流畅的曲面效果,这是以前建筑师采用无机镜面材料时无法解决的难题。瓷质、微晶玻璃、微晶玻璃-陶瓷复合平板及其曲面板的面世,不仅为建筑设计、装潢设计提供了全新的选择,也使建筑装饰更豪华、更高档,是现代建筑散发无穷魅力,无限生机之所在.
由于复合板热弯曲成型加热窑炉中的温度梯度变化对复合曲面板成型过程的影响,以及温度场的分布规律和在各种温度下复合板中两种物质各自液相含量、软化程度、膨胀系数、应变、应力及界面结合力等因素、参数及其相互关系和变化规律的复杂性,就成为影响微晶玻璃-陶瓷曲面复合板成型的障碍,本课题拟针对该种现状,利用对温度、压力的控制以及模具的合理选择上的研究为实现微晶玻璃-陶瓷复合曲面板的成型提供一些理论和实际操作中的依据。
通过对微晶玻璃-陶瓷复合板圆柱面热弯曲成型过程的工艺试验研究,论述了复合平板在一定温度范围内和一定压力下弯曲成为标准圆柱面形状的成型工艺方法,包括这一过程的影响因素及常见缺陷,加热窑炉中的温度场分布规律,窑炉、模具的材料、结构以及合理的加热、加压工艺规范。
The development trend of modern architecture is one of a large number of "surface fillet" form of construction to replace the traditional, rigid "flat rectangular" shape, glass-ceramic panels are large ceramic curved specifications for flat glass-ceramic matrix composites, the High-temperature bending, polishing, cutting precision manufacturing, and its strength is three times the natural granite, is permanent, a mirror effect and arbitrary radius, fine texture, convex surface can be polished surface for the new senior porcelain surface decoration materials , Can apply to almost all the buildings Globoid site, buildings, the overall smooth surface effect, which is before architects use of inorganic materials mirror can not solve the problem. Curved ceramic glass-ceramic panels available, not only for architectural design, decoration design a new choice, but also to building decoration more luxurious, more upscale, modern architecture is the dissemination of endless charm, boundless vitality lie..
Because of heat-bending forming heating furnace in the temperature gradient changes in the composite curved panel molding process implications, as well as temperature distribution in various laws and the temperature of their respective boards of the two substances in liquid, the softening of the expansion Coefficient, strain, stress and the interface of such factors, parameters and their mutual relations and changes of the complexity of the impact on a glass-ceramic - ceramic plates forming the surface of obstacles, The topics to be against the kind of status quo, the use of temperature, pressure control and mold the reasonable choice for the realization of glass-ceramic-Ceramic composite curved panels forming provide some theoretical and practical operation basis.
Through the glass-ceramic composite of a ceramic plate cylindrical thermal bending of the process of forming pilot study on the composite plate to a certain temperature range and bending under the pressure of a certain standard cylindrical shape of the molding process, including the impact of this process Common factors and deficiencies, heating furnace in the temperature distribution of the furnace, mold materials, structures and reasonable heating, compression technology standard.
由于复合板热弯曲成型加热窑炉中的温度梯度变化对复合曲面板成型过程的影响,以及温度场的分布规律和在各种温度下复合板中两种物质各自液相含量、软化程度、膨胀系数、应变、应力及界面结合力等因素、参数及其相互关系和变化规律的复杂性,就成为影响微晶玻璃-陶瓷曲面复合板成型的障碍,本课题拟针对该种现状,利用对温度、压力的控制以及模具的合理选择上的研究为实现微晶玻璃-陶瓷复合曲面板的成型提供一些理论和实际操作中的依据。
通过对微晶玻璃-陶瓷复合板圆柱面热弯曲成型过程的工艺试验研究,论述了复合平板在一定温度范围内和一定压力下弯曲成为标准圆柱面形状的成型工艺方法,包括这一过程的影响因素及常见缺陷,加热窑炉中的温度场分布规律,窑炉、模具的材料、结构以及合理的加热、加压工艺规范。
The development trend of modern architecture is one of a large number of "surface fillet" form of construction to replace the traditional, rigid "flat rectangular" shape, glass-ceramic panels are large ceramic curved specifications for flat glass-ceramic matrix composites, the High-temperature bending, polishing, cutting precision manufacturing, and its strength is three times the natural granite, is permanent, a mirror effect and arbitrary radius, fine texture, convex surface can be polished surface for the new senior porcelain surface decoration materials , Can apply to almost all the buildings Globoid site, buildings, the overall smooth surface effect, which is before architects use of inorganic materials mirror can not solve the problem. Curved ceramic glass-ceramic panels available, not only for architectural design, decoration design a new choice, but also to building decoration more luxurious, more upscale, modern architecture is the dissemination of endless charm, boundless vitality lie..
Because of heat-bending forming heating furnace in the temperature gradient changes in the composite curved panel molding process implications, as well as temperature distribution in various laws and the temperature of their respective boards of the two substances in liquid, the softening of the expansion Coefficient, strain, stress and the interface of such factors, parameters and their mutual relations and changes of the complexity of the impact on a glass-ceramic - ceramic plates forming the surface of obstacles, The topics to be against the kind of status quo, the use of temperature, pressure control and mold the reasonable choice for the realization of glass-ceramic-Ceramic composite curved panels forming provide some theoretical and practical operation basis.
Through the glass-ceramic composite of a ceramic plate cylindrical thermal bending of the process of forming pilot study on the composite plate to a certain temperature range and bending under the pressure of a certain standard cylindrical shape of the molding process, including the impact of this process Common factors and deficiencies, heating furnace in the temperature distribution of the furnace, mold materials, structures and reasonable heating, compression technology standard.
引文
1.H.舒尔兹.陶瓷学[M].北京:轻工业出版社,1989,13-75
2.中国硅酸盐学会.硅酸盐辞典[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1983,50-91
3.应紫森.陶瓷缺陷分析[M].景德镇:陶瓷研究杂志社编印,1990,495-523
4.杜海清.电瓷制造工艺[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1983,416-433
5.商超兵.微晶玻璃陶瓷复合砖的生产及工艺改进[J],陶瓷,2005,2
6.王文娟,戚凭,李延强,孙海军.陶瓷/微晶玻璃复合材料耐磨性的研究[J],青岛大学学报,2005,18(1)
7.吴小福.微晶玻璃陶瓷复合板变形原因浅析[J],佛山陶瓷,2005,15(9)
8.王永贤,吴小福.微晶玻璃陶瓷复合板永瓷砖其板的质量要求[J],佛山陶瓷,2006,16
9.王永贤.微晶玻璃陶瓷复合板的毛板质量控制[J],佛山陶瓷,2006,16(3)
10.宗边.微晶玻璃陶瓷复合板:进入寻常百姓家还有待时日[J],广东建设信息:建材专刊,2005,26(8)
11.王永贤,吴小福.浅谈微晶玻璃陶瓷复合装饰板材的生产[J],山东陶瓷,2006,29(1)
12.浙江大学,华东化工学院.硅酸盐物理化学[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1980,59-74
13.R.Reisfeld.Potential uses of chromium(Ⅲ)-doped transparent glass ceramics in tunable lasers and luminescent solar concentrators[M].Mater.Science & Eng,1985,71-75
14.George H.Beall,Linda R.Pinckney.Nanophase Glass-ceramics[J],Journal of the American ceramic Society,1999,1:
15.Ovecoglu ML.Microstructural.Characterization and Physical Properties of a Slag-Based Glass-Ceramic Crystallized at 950 and 1100C[J],Journal of the European Ceramic Society,1998,18,161-168
16.西北轻工业学院.陶瓷工艺学[M].北京:轻工业出版社,1980,377-378
17.周玉.陶瓷材料学[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,1995,23-26
18.许建华,蔡滨,王启春.微晶玻璃陶瓷复合曲面板[J],上海建材,2005,4:7-8
19.范文标.现代陶瓷墙地釉面砖生产技术[M].北京:电子工业出版社,1989,274-279
20.葛勇.建筑装饰材料[M].北京:中国建材工业出版社,1999,17-24
21.蔡滨,曹树梁,许建华,王启春,雷鹏云.微晶玻璃-陶瓷复合板圆柱面热弯曲成型工艺研究[J],中国陶瓷,2001,42
22.郑林庆.摩擦学原理[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1994,23-26
23.曹树梁,杜毅,姜笛.新型建筑装饰材料-全瓷抛光弧面板[J],山东科学,1999,12,4:27-29
24.Smith W F.Principles of Materials Science and Engineers[M].New York:McGraw-Hill Book Company,1995,45-48
25.唐志辉.高档墙体装饰材料-铝塑复合板[J],上海建材,2002,02
26.崔文竹.未来新型装饰建材-铝塑复合板[J],山东建材,2005,6
27.贲成樑.微晶玻璃生产与高效节能窑[J],玻璃与陶瓷,2008,1
28.刘春红,李成贵,张庆荣,贾世奎.微晶玻璃研磨抛光超光滑表面粗糙度的工艺研究[J],郑州大学学报(工学版)2007,04
29.刘春红,李成贵,张庆荣,贾世奎.微晶玻璃超光滑表面残余应力的对比分析研究[J],制造技术与机床,2007,11
30.王倩,王丽萍,王承东.建筑微晶玻璃的发展概况及应用前景[J],山东轻工业学院(自然科学版)2007,03
31.宁伟,汪庆卫,路飞,徐心美,沈玉君,罗理达.微晶玻璃电路窑的设计与探讨[J],玻璃与搪瓷,2007,51
32.张乐军,陆霞,王洁,赵莹.微晶玻璃烧结过程中晶化和致密化的关系[J],硅酸盐通报,2007,04
33.李小卫,袁勇.新型建筑陶瓷-微晶玻璃复合板的生产技术[J],中国陶瓷,2003,04
34.程金树,吴国燕,何峰.微晶玻璃-金属复合新型装饰材料[J],佛山陶瓷,2004,08
35.许建华,蔡滨,王启春,雷鹏云.陶瓷磨光弧面板的开发与应用[J],陶瓷,2005,5
36.杜毅,曹树梁.瓷质曲面板在建筑设计和装饰中的应用[J],室内设计与装修,2002,5
37.刘康时.陶瓷工艺原理[M].广州:华南理工大学出版社,1990,220-231
38.钦征骑.新型陶瓷材料手册[M].南京:江苏科学技术出版社,1996,152-154
39.华南工学院.陶瓷工艺学[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1981,71-89
40.段仁官.Na~+和Ti~(4+)对CaO-Al_2O_3-SiO_2系玻璃结构和晶化的影响[J],中国陶瓷,1997,33
41.吴绳愚.陶瓷计算[M].北京:轻工业出版社,1983,107-116
42.刘伟香,周忠于.陶瓷材料磨削表面残余应力的产生机理[J],工具技术,2007,12
43.石志勇,汤文辉.陶瓷材料压缩加载下的动态失效研究[J],强度与环境.2007,6
44.刘子建,王久海,刘翠荣,孟庆森.降低金属-陶瓷场致扩散连接中残余应力的措施[J],稀有金属与硬质合金,2007,03
45.邵水军,桑俊勇.工程陶瓷材料磨削加工研究的现状及展望[J],矿山机械,2007,10
46.龚江宏.陶瓷材料断裂力学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2001,212-234
47.H.舒尔兹.玻璃的本质和性质[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1984,220-261
48.汪啸穆.陶瓷工艺学[M].北京中国轻工业出版社,1984,340-369
49.华南工学院,南京化工学院,武汉建筑材料工业学院.陶瓷工艺学[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1981,482-493
50.许建华,曹树梁,王启春.浅谈一种新的装饰材料-瓷质曲面板[『],建筑装饰材料世界,2005,08
51.曹树梁,石延岭.经济实用的瓷质幕墙[J],四川建材,1999,1
52.W.E.沃罗尔.粘土与陶瓷原料[M].北京:轻工业出版社,1980,237-245
53.苏云卿.硅酸铝质耐火材料[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1989,435-41
54.南京化工学院,华南工学院,清华大学等编.陶瓷物理化学[M].北京:建筑工业出版社,1981,113-127
55.苏文静,张道洪.陶瓷化学分析[M].北京:轻工业出版社,1984,206-210
56.李家驹,缪松兰,马铁成,林绍贤.陶瓷工艺学[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2001,377-381
57.宋晓岚,黄学辉.无机材料科学基础[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2006,255-257
58.陈进化.位错基础[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1984,27-29
59.Askeland DR.The science and Engineering of materials[M].Brooks/Cole Publishing Co.Pacific Grove.CA,1994,18-22
60.Buer M J.Elementary Crystallography.John Wiley & Sons[M].News York.1956,80-83
2.中国硅酸盐学会.硅酸盐辞典[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1983,50-91
3.应紫森.陶瓷缺陷分析[M].景德镇:陶瓷研究杂志社编印,1990,495-523
4.杜海清.电瓷制造工艺[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1983,416-433
5.商超兵.微晶玻璃陶瓷复合砖的生产及工艺改进[J],陶瓷,2005,2
6.王文娟,戚凭,李延强,孙海军.陶瓷/微晶玻璃复合材料耐磨性的研究[J],青岛大学学报,2005,18(1)
7.吴小福.微晶玻璃陶瓷复合板变形原因浅析[J],佛山陶瓷,2005,15(9)
8.王永贤,吴小福.微晶玻璃陶瓷复合板永瓷砖其板的质量要求[J],佛山陶瓷,2006,16
9.王永贤.微晶玻璃陶瓷复合板的毛板质量控制[J],佛山陶瓷,2006,16(3)
10.宗边.微晶玻璃陶瓷复合板:进入寻常百姓家还有待时日[J],广东建设信息:建材专刊,2005,26(8)
11.王永贤,吴小福.浅谈微晶玻璃陶瓷复合装饰板材的生产[J],山东陶瓷,2006,29(1)
12.浙江大学,华东化工学院.硅酸盐物理化学[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1980,59-74
13.R.Reisfeld.Potential uses of chromium(Ⅲ)-doped transparent glass ceramics in tunable lasers and luminescent solar concentrators[M].Mater.Science & Eng,1985,71-75
14.George H.Beall,Linda R.Pinckney.Nanophase Glass-ceramics[J],Journal of the American ceramic Society,1999,1:
15.Ovecoglu ML.Microstructural.Characterization and Physical Properties of a Slag-Based Glass-Ceramic Crystallized at 950 and 1100C[J],Journal of the European Ceramic Society,1998,18,161-168
16.西北轻工业学院.陶瓷工艺学[M].北京:轻工业出版社,1980,377-378
17.周玉.陶瓷材料学[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,1995,23-26
18.许建华,蔡滨,王启春.微晶玻璃陶瓷复合曲面板[J],上海建材,2005,4:7-8
19.范文标.现代陶瓷墙地釉面砖生产技术[M].北京:电子工业出版社,1989,274-279
20.葛勇.建筑装饰材料[M].北京:中国建材工业出版社,1999,17-24
21.蔡滨,曹树梁,许建华,王启春,雷鹏云.微晶玻璃-陶瓷复合板圆柱面热弯曲成型工艺研究[J],中国陶瓷,2001,42
22.郑林庆.摩擦学原理[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1994,23-26
23.曹树梁,杜毅,姜笛.新型建筑装饰材料-全瓷抛光弧面板[J],山东科学,1999,12,4:27-29
24.Smith W F.Principles of Materials Science and Engineers[M].New York:McGraw-Hill Book Company,1995,45-48
25.唐志辉.高档墙体装饰材料-铝塑复合板[J],上海建材,2002,02
26.崔文竹.未来新型装饰建材-铝塑复合板[J],山东建材,2005,6
27.贲成樑.微晶玻璃生产与高效节能窑[J],玻璃与陶瓷,2008,1
28.刘春红,李成贵,张庆荣,贾世奎.微晶玻璃研磨抛光超光滑表面粗糙度的工艺研究[J],郑州大学学报(工学版)2007,04
29.刘春红,李成贵,张庆荣,贾世奎.微晶玻璃超光滑表面残余应力的对比分析研究[J],制造技术与机床,2007,11
30.王倩,王丽萍,王承东.建筑微晶玻璃的发展概况及应用前景[J],山东轻工业学院(自然科学版)2007,03
31.宁伟,汪庆卫,路飞,徐心美,沈玉君,罗理达.微晶玻璃电路窑的设计与探讨[J],玻璃与搪瓷,2007,51
32.张乐军,陆霞,王洁,赵莹.微晶玻璃烧结过程中晶化和致密化的关系[J],硅酸盐通报,2007,04
33.李小卫,袁勇.新型建筑陶瓷-微晶玻璃复合板的生产技术[J],中国陶瓷,2003,04
34.程金树,吴国燕,何峰.微晶玻璃-金属复合新型装饰材料[J],佛山陶瓷,2004,08
35.许建华,蔡滨,王启春,雷鹏云.陶瓷磨光弧面板的开发与应用[J],陶瓷,2005,5
36.杜毅,曹树梁.瓷质曲面板在建筑设计和装饰中的应用[J],室内设计与装修,2002,5
37.刘康时.陶瓷工艺原理[M].广州:华南理工大学出版社,1990,220-231
38.钦征骑.新型陶瓷材料手册[M].南京:江苏科学技术出版社,1996,152-154
39.华南工学院.陶瓷工艺学[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1981,71-89
40.段仁官.Na~+和Ti~(4+)对CaO-Al_2O_3-SiO_2系玻璃结构和晶化的影响[J],中国陶瓷,1997,33
41.吴绳愚.陶瓷计算[M].北京:轻工业出版社,1983,107-116
42.刘伟香,周忠于.陶瓷材料磨削表面残余应力的产生机理[J],工具技术,2007,12
43.石志勇,汤文辉.陶瓷材料压缩加载下的动态失效研究[J],强度与环境.2007,6
44.刘子建,王久海,刘翠荣,孟庆森.降低金属-陶瓷场致扩散连接中残余应力的措施[J],稀有金属与硬质合金,2007,03
45.邵水军,桑俊勇.工程陶瓷材料磨削加工研究的现状及展望[J],矿山机械,2007,10
46.龚江宏.陶瓷材料断裂力学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2001,212-234
47.H.舒尔兹.玻璃的本质和性质[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1984,220-261
48.汪啸穆.陶瓷工艺学[M].北京中国轻工业出版社,1984,340-369
49.华南工学院,南京化工学院,武汉建筑材料工业学院.陶瓷工艺学[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1981,482-493
50.许建华,曹树梁,王启春.浅谈一种新的装饰材料-瓷质曲面板[『],建筑装饰材料世界,2005,08
51.曹树梁,石延岭.经济实用的瓷质幕墙[J],四川建材,1999,1
52.W.E.沃罗尔.粘土与陶瓷原料[M].北京:轻工业出版社,1980,237-245
53.苏云卿.硅酸铝质耐火材料[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1989,435-41
54.南京化工学院,华南工学院,清华大学等编.陶瓷物理化学[M].北京:建筑工业出版社,1981,113-127
55.苏文静,张道洪.陶瓷化学分析[M].北京:轻工业出版社,1984,206-210
56.李家驹,缪松兰,马铁成,林绍贤.陶瓷工艺学[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2001,377-381
57.宋晓岚,黄学辉.无机材料科学基础[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2006,255-257
58.陈进化.位错基础[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1984,27-29
59.Askeland DR.The science and Engineering of materials[M].Brooks/Cole Publishing Co.Pacific Grove.CA,1994,18-22
60.Buer M J.Elementary Crystallography.John Wiley & Sons[M].News York.1956,80-83