基于嵌入式Modem的小区数字语音对讲系统
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摘要
语音对讲系统是小区智能化服务的一个重要组成部分,它对于提高小区安全监控力度,提高小区管理效率和保证居民生命和物质财产都起到非常重要的影响。为了适应目前房地产建设的规模和小区智能化建设的需要,语音对讲系统逐渐由简单的模拟系统转变为复杂分布式的数字语音系统,在语音对讲的稳定性、多功能性和长距离通信等方面都得到了很大的提高。近几年我国也引进了数字语音对讲系统,在国内也开始研究开发自主知识产权的数字对讲系统,不过在小区对讲这一块还是空白之地,本文是针对目前我国小区数字对讲系统设计问题展开研究。
本文首先对数字语音系统和模拟语音系统进行分析比较,阐述了在小区安装数字对讲系统的必要性,同时介绍了目前对讲系统的结构、工作原理等。文章从理论和应用的角度主要对数字语音、传输方式和嵌入式系统实现三个方向进行了研究:
通过对语音信号模型和语音压缩编码原理进行理论研究,列举目前流行的几种数字语音编码协议和方式,总结了它们在不同领域的应用,然后选取合适的数字语音编码协议G.729.A,并对其编解码的原理进行了分析和推导,以及阐述了在本设计中的实现方式。
通过对比当前模拟和数字对讲系统的多种语音传输实现方式的比较,提出了基于基于嵌入式modem的实现方法,并详细介绍了嵌入式modem的设计。调试实验结果表明,该方法能稳定有效地传输语音编码数据,可以达到预定长距离传送。
文章在提出了G.729.A+嵌入式modem的语音实现和传输方法后,设计并开发了基于ML67Q4051的32位ARM处理器和uC/OS-Ⅱ操作系统的嵌入式技术的软硬件。详细地论述了数字对讲硬件的体系结构和各个功能部分的设计,并开发了相应功能模块的软件。课题还就嵌入式软件实现,提出了一种可移植性较高的软件结构。
实验结果表明,数字对讲系统达到了语音通信的稳定性,并在长距离通信上取到了很好的效果,以及提出了基于三方对讲的解决方案。数字语音加嵌入式modem的方式改变了传统的小区对讲结构,提高了小区对讲的工作质量和维护效率,并体现了嵌入式系统的良好智能性。
The pronunciation talkbacks system is an important component of the intelligent service of the district. It controls dynamics safely in improving the district, improves the efficiency of management of the district and guarantee that resident's life and material property all playing very important influence. In order to meet the scale of real estate construction and need of intelligent construction of the district at present, the pronunciation talkbacks system is changed into the complicated and distributed digital speech system from the simple simulation system gradually, and it has got very great improvement in such aspects as stability , multifunctionality and long distance communication that the pronunciation talkbacks. Our country in recent years introduce digital speech talkback system, and begin to research and develop independent figure of intellectual property right talkback the system too, talkback this piece still blank place, this text to of our country district figure talkback system design issue launch research at present in district.
This text analyses and compares about the digital speech system and simulation pronunciation system at first, have explained and talkbacked the systematic necessity in the installation figure of the district, recommended talkbacking at present at the same time systematic structure , operation principle , result of use ,etc. The article realizes to digital speech, transmission means and embedded system mainly from the theory and angle used that three directions have carried on research:
Through compressing the principle of the code and carrying on the theoretical research to pronunciation signal model and pronunciation, enumerate several kinds of popular digital speech code agreement and way at present , has summarized their application in different fields, then choose suitable digital speech code agreement G.729.A, and has analysed and derived about the principle of its compiled code, and has explained the realization way in this design.
It is imitated many kinds of pronunciations of the system at present that through comparing to transmit the comparison which realize the way, have proposed that because of the implementation method based on embedded modem, and has introduced the design of embedded modem in detail. Debug the experimental result and indicate , can transmit the pronunciation code data steadily effectively in this method, can reach and is scheduled to convey at a long distance .
The article, after proposing realizing and transmitting the method in the pronunciations of G.729.A + embedded modem, have designed and developed 32 ARM processor based on ML67Q4051 and software and hardware of the embedded technology of uC/OS-II operating system. Expound the fact figure talkback system structure and each function design of part of hardware in detail, and has developed the software of the corresponding function module . The subject is still realized on the embedded software, has proposed a kind of software structure with higher portability.
The experimental result shows , figure talkback system reach stability , pronunciation of communication , is it arrive good result very to fetch at long distance communication, and has put forward the solution of talkbacking on the basis of the three sides. Structure that the way of adding embedded modem of the digital speech has changed the traditional district and talkbacked, having improved work quality and maintenance efficiency of talkbacking in the district, and the one that has reflected the embedded system is good and intelligent.
本文首先对数字语音系统和模拟语音系统进行分析比较,阐述了在小区安装数字对讲系统的必要性,同时介绍了目前对讲系统的结构、工作原理等。文章从理论和应用的角度主要对数字语音、传输方式和嵌入式系统实现三个方向进行了研究:
通过对语音信号模型和语音压缩编码原理进行理论研究,列举目前流行的几种数字语音编码协议和方式,总结了它们在不同领域的应用,然后选取合适的数字语音编码协议G.729.A,并对其编解码的原理进行了分析和推导,以及阐述了在本设计中的实现方式。
通过对比当前模拟和数字对讲系统的多种语音传输实现方式的比较,提出了基于基于嵌入式modem的实现方法,并详细介绍了嵌入式modem的设计。调试实验结果表明,该方法能稳定有效地传输语音编码数据,可以达到预定长距离传送。
文章在提出了G.729.A+嵌入式modem的语音实现和传输方法后,设计并开发了基于ML67Q4051的32位ARM处理器和uC/OS-Ⅱ操作系统的嵌入式技术的软硬件。详细地论述了数字对讲硬件的体系结构和各个功能部分的设计,并开发了相应功能模块的软件。课题还就嵌入式软件实现,提出了一种可移植性较高的软件结构。
实验结果表明,数字对讲系统达到了语音通信的稳定性,并在长距离通信上取到了很好的效果,以及提出了基于三方对讲的解决方案。数字语音加嵌入式modem的方式改变了传统的小区对讲结构,提高了小区对讲的工作质量和维护效率,并体现了嵌入式系统的良好智能性。
The pronunciation talkbacks system is an important component of the intelligent service of the district. It controls dynamics safely in improving the district, improves the efficiency of management of the district and guarantee that resident's life and material property all playing very important influence. In order to meet the scale of real estate construction and need of intelligent construction of the district at present, the pronunciation talkbacks system is changed into the complicated and distributed digital speech system from the simple simulation system gradually, and it has got very great improvement in such aspects as stability , multifunctionality and long distance communication that the pronunciation talkbacks. Our country in recent years introduce digital speech talkback system, and begin to research and develop independent figure of intellectual property right talkback the system too, talkback this piece still blank place, this text to of our country district figure talkback system design issue launch research at present in district.
This text analyses and compares about the digital speech system and simulation pronunciation system at first, have explained and talkbacked the systematic necessity in the installation figure of the district, recommended talkbacking at present at the same time systematic structure , operation principle , result of use ,etc. The article realizes to digital speech, transmission means and embedded system mainly from the theory and angle used that three directions have carried on research:
Through compressing the principle of the code and carrying on the theoretical research to pronunciation signal model and pronunciation, enumerate several kinds of popular digital speech code agreement and way at present , has summarized their application in different fields, then choose suitable digital speech code agreement G.729.A, and has analysed and derived about the principle of its compiled code, and has explained the realization way in this design.
It is imitated many kinds of pronunciations of the system at present that through comparing to transmit the comparison which realize the way, have proposed that because of the implementation method based on embedded modem, and has introduced the design of embedded modem in detail. Debug the experimental result and indicate , can transmit the pronunciation code data steadily effectively in this method, can reach and is scheduled to convey at a long distance .
The article, after proposing realizing and transmitting the method in the pronunciations of G.729.A + embedded modem, have designed and developed 32 ARM processor based on ML67Q4051 and software and hardware of the embedded technology of uC/OS-II operating system. Expound the fact figure talkback system structure and each function design of part of hardware in detail, and has developed the software of the corresponding function module . The subject is still realized on the embedded software, has proposed a kind of software structure with higher portability.
The experimental result shows , figure talkback system reach stability , pronunciation of communication , is it arrive good result very to fetch at long distance communication, and has put forward the solution of talkbacking on the basis of the three sides. Structure that the way of adding embedded modem of the digital speech has changed the traditional district and talkbacked, having improved work quality and maintenance efficiency of talkbacking in the district, and the one that has reflected the embedded system is good and intelligent.
引文
[1]www.voip10000.com.VoIP中语音压缩编码技术的研究与性能分析.VoIP信息中心.http://www.voip10000.com/article/24/504.html.2007-8-17
[2]中国智能家居网.国内智能化社区的现状以及今后发展趋势.www.smarthomecn.com.2007-01-18
[3]george.浅谈楼宇对讲的技术发展史.英特安防实业有限公司.2006-2-18.
[4]Itu-T G.729 Annex B-1998.A silence compression scheme for use with G.729 optimized for VTO digital simuhane-ous voice and data application[s]
[5]ITU Recommendation G729 AnnexA:REDUCED COMPLEXITY 8kbit/s CS-ACELPSPEECHCODEC 1996[6]刘增岗.G.729算法与DSP实现[D].湖南大学硕士论文.2004.29
[7]ITU-T recomendation G.729 Annex A,Reduced complexity 8kbit/s CS-ACELP Speech codec,1996
[8]W.T.K.Wong,R.M.Mack,B.M.G.Cheetham et al.Low rate speech coding for telecommunications
[9]ITU-T G.729 Annex D-1998.Proposed draft new annex D to recommendation G.729-6.4 kbit/s CS-ACEIP speechcoding algorithm[s].
[10]ITC-T Rec.G.729-1996,Coding of speech at 8 kbit/s using conjugate-structure algebraic-code-excited[inear-predie-tion[s].
[11]罗夙.G.729语音编码标准与应用[J].电声技术.2002年第三期.1-2
[12]杨拯.G.729语音算法的初步研究及实现[J].中国科技论文在线.2005.2
[13]秦龙,成立新.G.729系列算法介绍[J].军事通信技术.2001.3-4
[14]江太辉.语音压缩编码的新进展[J].五邑大学学报.1999.16-21
[15]杨行俊,迟惠生.语音信号数字处理北京[M].电子工业出版社.1995
[16]段哲民,范世贵.信号与系统.西安[M].西北工业太学出版社:1997.
[17]易克韧,田斌,付强.语音信号处理.国防工业出版社.2000.
[18]Itu-T G.729 Annex E 1998,Draft description of aDnex E to recommendation G.729-11.8 kbit/s CS-ACELP SpeechCoding A]gorithm[s]
[19]JEAN J.LABROSSE著,邵贝贝译UC/OS-Ⅱ-源码公开的实时嵌入式操作系统[M].中国电力出版社2001年8月
[20]张晓.嵌入式实时操作系统uC/OS-Ⅱ研究[D].大连海事大学.2002.9
[21]任哲.嵌入式实时操作系统uC/OS-Ⅱ原理及应用[M].北京航空航天大学出版社:2007.112-125
[22]李明.uC/OS-Ⅱ在SkyEye上的移植分析[J].skyeye技术报告.4-6
[23]康一梅.嵌入式软件设计[M].机械工业出版社:2007.60-61
[24]Alan Bum,Andy Wellings.Real-time systems and their programming language.NewYork,Addison-Weskey Publishing Company Inc,1990
[25]Charles D.Knutson.Sam Carmichael.Verification and Validation for Embedded Software.Embedded System.Programming.Spring 2001
[26]K.A.Ketle,D.I.Katcher,J.K.Strosnider.Real-Time Technology and Applications Symposium,1995
[27]L.Jae-ho,K.Heung-Nam.Implementing Piority Inheritance Semaphore on uC/OS Real-time Kernel.Software Technologies for Future embedded Systems,2003
[28]杨屹.UCOS51移植心得和UCOS51重入问题的解决[J].www.hjhj.com
[29](美)Jean J.Labrose,袁勤勇,黄绍金,唐青.嵌入式系统构架北京[M].机械工业出版社,2002
[30]OKI ML67Q4050～ML67Q4060 SERIEALS DATASHEET
[31]FEDL7204-001 DIGEST-01 Issue Date:Aug.12,2004
[32]毛德操,胡希明.嵌入式系统—采用公开源代码和StrongARM/Xscale处理器[M].浙江大学出版社.2003
[33]杜春雷.ARM体系结构与编程[M].清华大学出版社.2003
[34]阳宪惠.现场总线技术及其应用[M].清华大学出版社.1998
[2]中国智能家居网.国内智能化社区的现状以及今后发展趋势.www.smarthomecn.com.2007-01-18
[3]george.浅谈楼宇对讲的技术发展史.英特安防实业有限公司.2006-2-18.
[4]Itu-T G.729 Annex B-1998.A silence compression scheme for use with G.729 optimized for VTO digital simuhane-ous voice and data application[s]
[5]ITU Recommendation G729 AnnexA:REDUCED COMPLEXITY 8kbit/s CS-ACELPSPEECHCODEC 1996[6]刘增岗.G.729算法与DSP实现[D].湖南大学硕士论文.2004.29
[7]ITU-T recomendation G.729 Annex A,Reduced complexity 8kbit/s CS-ACELP Speech codec,1996
[8]W.T.K.Wong,R.M.Mack,B.M.G.Cheetham et al.Low rate speech coding for telecommunications
[9]ITU-T G.729 Annex D-1998.Proposed draft new annex D to recommendation G.729-6.4 kbit/s CS-ACEIP speechcoding algorithm[s].
[10]ITC-T Rec.G.729-1996,Coding of speech at 8 kbit/s using conjugate-structure algebraic-code-excited[inear-predie-tion[s].
[11]罗夙.G.729语音编码标准与应用[J].电声技术.2002年第三期.1-2
[12]杨拯.G.729语音算法的初步研究及实现[J].中国科技论文在线.2005.2
[13]秦龙,成立新.G.729系列算法介绍[J].军事通信技术.2001.3-4
[14]江太辉.语音压缩编码的新进展[J].五邑大学学报.1999.16-21
[15]杨行俊,迟惠生.语音信号数字处理北京[M].电子工业出版社.1995
[16]段哲民,范世贵.信号与系统.西安[M].西北工业太学出版社:1997.
[17]易克韧,田斌,付强.语音信号处理.国防工业出版社.2000.
[18]Itu-T G.729 Annex E 1998,Draft description of aDnex E to recommendation G.729-11.8 kbit/s CS-ACELP SpeechCoding A]gorithm[s]
[19]JEAN J.LABROSSE著,邵贝贝译UC/OS-Ⅱ-源码公开的实时嵌入式操作系统[M].中国电力出版社2001年8月
[20]张晓.嵌入式实时操作系统uC/OS-Ⅱ研究[D].大连海事大学.2002.9
[21]任哲.嵌入式实时操作系统uC/OS-Ⅱ原理及应用[M].北京航空航天大学出版社:2007.112-125
[22]李明.uC/OS-Ⅱ在SkyEye上的移植分析[J].skyeye技术报告.4-6
[23]康一梅.嵌入式软件设计[M].机械工业出版社:2007.60-61
[24]Alan Bum,Andy Wellings.Real-time systems and their programming language.NewYork,Addison-Weskey Publishing Company Inc,1990
[25]Charles D.Knutson.Sam Carmichael.Verification and Validation for Embedded Software.Embedded System.Programming.Spring 2001
[26]K.A.Ketle,D.I.Katcher,J.K.Strosnider.Real-Time Technology and Applications Symposium,1995
[27]L.Jae-ho,K.Heung-Nam.Implementing Piority Inheritance Semaphore on uC/OS Real-time Kernel.Software Technologies for Future embedded Systems,2003
[28]杨屹.UCOS51移植心得和UCOS51重入问题的解决[J].www.hjhj.com
[29](美)Jean J.Labrose,袁勤勇,黄绍金,唐青.嵌入式系统构架北京[M].机械工业出版社,2002
[30]OKI ML67Q4050～ML67Q4060 SERIEALS DATASHEET
[31]FEDL7204-001 DIGEST-01 Issue Date:Aug.12,2004
[32]毛德操,胡希明.嵌入式系统—采用公开源代码和StrongARM/Xscale处理器[M].浙江大学出版社.2003
[33]杜春雷.ARM体系结构与编程[M].清华大学出版社.2003
[34]阳宪惠.现场总线技术及其应用[M].清华大学出版社.1998