基于PLC和串行通信的船舶电站监控系统的设计与实现
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摘要
伴随着船舶行业的快速发展,船舶的大型化和高科技日趋显著。突出表现在船舶电站及电力系统方面,出现了许多的新观念、新技术、新设备。电力设备的控制、监视和管理的重要性显得越来越突出。为了实现船舶电站可靠的运行、控制和管理,提高无人机舱的自动化程度,本论文设计了一套基于PLC和串行通信的船舶电站监控系统,应用先进的工业控制技术、计算机技术、网络技术以及通信技术,提高了系统的可靠性、安全性和经济性。
本监控系统由上位机和下位机组成,其中下位机由一台Siemens S7-300 PLC和两台PPU构成,S7-300 PLC同时控制两台PPU,对它们进行监控管理。每台柴油发电机组被其对应的PPU控制,上位机和S7-300PLC之间采用以太网进行通信。由于每个PPU上都有一个RS232口,系统采用自己研制的串口转换装置,通过应用这个接口转换装置就可以实现两台PPU与一台上位机进行串行通信。即实现了PPU面板显示功能的上位机显示化。这样就能够将PPU面板上的某些监控量也能实现上位机监控化。因为上下位机之间采用以太网方式进行通信,这样也可以使船舶电站很好的挂接在全船网络系统上,为实现机舱自动化提供基础。
利用Step7编程软件来完成对下位机PLC监控程序的设计,以完成监控数据的采集和对控制设备的控制。根据具体发电机组提供的参数,利用PC utilitysoftware软件,来实现对PPU的工作参数设置,以期PPU完成其在船舶电站中的功能。利用Fameview组态软件进行了上位机监控系统的设计,根据船舶电站的控制功能和操作习惯,设计监控系统可视化界面。所设计的人机界面友好,直观形象,能够使操作员充分掌握整个电站系统的运行状态,从而根据电站具体的现场情况做出相应的控制动作。
本文的基于PLC和串行通信的船舶电站监控系统已经进行了厂内调试,运行稳定,基本达到了我们预期的效果,即将安装到现场,投入使用。
With the rapidly development of shipping industy, the large scale and the high tech of Ships' are day by day remarkable. There come forth many new ideas, the new technology, the new equipment in the marine power plant and the electrical power system. The control, the surveillance and the management of power equipment's plays an important role in the marine power plant. In order to realize the reliability for the movement, control and management of the marine power plant, and enhance the automation degree of unmanned engine room, the thesis has designed a marine power automation system base on PLC and Serial communication , which can increase the reliability and economic effect, using advanced industrial control technology, computer technology.
The monitoring system is composed of one operating station computers and one control computer. The control computer, which is cored by Siemens S7-300 PLC and two PPU, The S7-300 PLC controls the two PPU respectively, the PPU control a generator independently. In order to transmit monitoring data of PPU to PC, the system develop a Switch device. Via this equipment, we can carry out Serial communication with PPU and PC. The masters communicate with the slave by the way of Ethernet network and serial communication. This may also cause the marine power plant very good to hang on the entire ship network system, to realize the unmanned engine room automation to provide the foundation.
I designed the program of PLC with using the programme software of the company of Siemens, to realize the supervisory control and data acquisition. On the basis of generator parameter, Using PC utility software, realizes to the PPU operational parameter establishment. We premuse upon very good function in marine power plant. Using the configuration software Fameview, this paper has designed the monitoring software of PC, and the human machine interface has also been designed combined with the control function and operation habit of automation power station. The friendly and visualized human machine interface can make the operator know the running state of the whole power station monitoring system, and then gives the control command according to the different local circumstance.
The supervisory system of the marine power plant which based on PLC and the serial communication has been debugged in the factory. All function is ok, which has achieved our anticipated effect basically, soonly installed and applied.
本监控系统由上位机和下位机组成,其中下位机由一台Siemens S7-300 PLC和两台PPU构成,S7-300 PLC同时控制两台PPU,对它们进行监控管理。每台柴油发电机组被其对应的PPU控制,上位机和S7-300PLC之间采用以太网进行通信。由于每个PPU上都有一个RS232口,系统采用自己研制的串口转换装置,通过应用这个接口转换装置就可以实现两台PPU与一台上位机进行串行通信。即实现了PPU面板显示功能的上位机显示化。这样就能够将PPU面板上的某些监控量也能实现上位机监控化。因为上下位机之间采用以太网方式进行通信,这样也可以使船舶电站很好的挂接在全船网络系统上,为实现机舱自动化提供基础。
利用Step7编程软件来完成对下位机PLC监控程序的设计,以完成监控数据的采集和对控制设备的控制。根据具体发电机组提供的参数,利用PC utilitysoftware软件,来实现对PPU的工作参数设置,以期PPU完成其在船舶电站中的功能。利用Fameview组态软件进行了上位机监控系统的设计,根据船舶电站的控制功能和操作习惯,设计监控系统可视化界面。所设计的人机界面友好,直观形象,能够使操作员充分掌握整个电站系统的运行状态,从而根据电站具体的现场情况做出相应的控制动作。
本文的基于PLC和串行通信的船舶电站监控系统已经进行了厂内调试,运行稳定,基本达到了我们预期的效果,即将安装到现场,投入使用。
With the rapidly development of shipping industy, the large scale and the high tech of Ships' are day by day remarkable. There come forth many new ideas, the new technology, the new equipment in the marine power plant and the electrical power system. The control, the surveillance and the management of power equipment's plays an important role in the marine power plant. In order to realize the reliability for the movement, control and management of the marine power plant, and enhance the automation degree of unmanned engine room, the thesis has designed a marine power automation system base on PLC and Serial communication , which can increase the reliability and economic effect, using advanced industrial control technology, computer technology.
The monitoring system is composed of one operating station computers and one control computer. The control computer, which is cored by Siemens S7-300 PLC and two PPU, The S7-300 PLC controls the two PPU respectively, the PPU control a generator independently. In order to transmit monitoring data of PPU to PC, the system develop a Switch device. Via this equipment, we can carry out Serial communication with PPU and PC. The masters communicate with the slave by the way of Ethernet network and serial communication. This may also cause the marine power plant very good to hang on the entire ship network system, to realize the unmanned engine room automation to provide the foundation.
I designed the program of PLC with using the programme software of the company of Siemens, to realize the supervisory control and data acquisition. On the basis of generator parameter, Using PC utility software, realizes to the PPU operational parameter establishment. We premuse upon very good function in marine power plant. Using the configuration software Fameview, this paper has designed the monitoring software of PC, and the human machine interface has also been designed combined with the control function and operation habit of automation power station. The friendly and visualized human machine interface can make the operator know the running state of the whole power station monitoring system, and then gives the control command according to the different local circumstance.
The supervisory system of the marine power plant which based on PLC and the serial communication has been debugged in the factory. All function is ok, which has achieved our anticipated effect basically, soonly installed and applied.
引文
[1]姜锦范.船舶电站及自动化.大连:大连海事大学出版社,2005
[2]王焕文.舰船电力系统及自动装置.北京:科学出版社,2004
[3]郑风阁.轮机自动化.大连:大连海事大学出版社.1999
[4]李麟,沈兵.舰船电力系统及其自动化.武汉:海军工程大学出版社.2001
[5]王文义.船舶电站.哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学出版社.2006
[6]林华峰.船舶电站.哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学出版社.2005
[7]刘强.船舶机电基础.哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学出版社.2006
[8]SIMATIC S7-300和S7-400语句表编程参考手册
[9]杜晓滔,李志宏.S7-300 PLC和VB在铺排船控制系统中的应用,自动化博览,2008,01-02:52-54
[10]自成杰.计算机通信网络技术及应用[M].北京:人民邮电出版社2002
[11]范逸之.Visual Basic与RS—232串行通信控制[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002
[12]赵又新.《Visual Basic与单片机主从式串行通信》,工业控制计算机,1999,01:18-20
[13]周修理,杨方,陈萍.常见的串行通信接口标准.电测与仪表2001,20(4):33-35
[14]郑文波.控制网络技术[M],清华大学出版社,2001
[15]吴爱国,李长滨.工业以太网协议EtherNet/IP[J],计算机应用,2003,23(11):80-82
[16]陈积明,王智,孙优贤.工业以太网的研究现状及展望,化工自动化及仪表,2001,28(6):22-25
[17]张科新.工业以太网联网设备基本知识,大众科技,2005,2(28):100-102
[18]全为民,白玉美.基于RS485总线的电力远动分站的设计与实现,电测与仪表2002,4(39):120-125
[19]李永,李芙玲,荣蓉.基于RS485标准的供电系统微机监控的接口设计,华北科技学院学报,2005,2(4):32-36
[20]佟为明,陈培友,刘勇.以太网在工业领域的应用,电气应用,2005,4(8):127-131
[21]陈正非.在VB中利用MSCOMM控件实现通信技巧,工业控制计算机,1999,20:31-33
[22]何立民.单片机应用技术选编,北京航空航天大学出版社,1999
[23]蔡美琴,张为民等.MCS-51系列单片机系统极其应用,高等教育出版社,1992
[24]周美娇,应启戛,隋国荣.综合工业监控网络在电力系统中的应用,动力工程,2005,25(4):60-63
[25]易江义.工控组态软件的发展与开发设计.洛阳工业高等专科学校学报.2003,13(1):33-35
[26]孙文福.船舶电站柴油发电机组网络式监控技术研究,哈尔滨工程大学.2006,20:60-63
[27]Fame View使用手册,2005
[28]徐凯冬,王宏.基于以太网的工业控制网络,信息与控制,2000,30(5):50-53
[29]江甫,黄少先.基于计算机与网络仪表的电力参数测量系统.仪表技术与传感器,2003,29(11):63-65
[30]陈磊,冯冬芹,金建祥,褚健.以太网在工业应用中的实时能力分析化工自动化及仪表.2003,30(1):44-47
[31]盛寿麟.电力系统远程监控原理.北京:中国电力出版社,1998
[32]李立.以太网和现场总线在工业网络中的应用.微计算机信息2001,17(10):42-43
[33]杜品圣.Ethernet-TCP/IP在现场总线通讯技术中的应用,自动化博览,2003年S1期:118-121
[34]郑震宇,许晓鸣.监控平台软件的功能及设计实例.自动化仪表.2000,29(5):55-58
[35]鹿玲杰,田燕燕等.组态软件的设计与实现方法.大庆石油学院学报.2001,30(1):11-13
[36]Perry Sink.Eight Open Networks and Industrial Ethernet,Industrial Ethernet Association.2001
[37]Pham VL,Wong KP.Antidistortion method for wavelet transform filter banks and nonstationary power system waveform harmonic analysis[J].IEE Proceedings-Generation Transmission,Distribution,2001.117-122
[38]Gregory Smith.Cable Modem Certification.Communication systems design,2000.23-25
[39]Robert G.Winch.Telecommunication,Transmission Systems.A Division of The McGraw-Hill Companies,1999.98-113
[40]Robert.Cole.Computer Communications.MACMILLAN World Publishing Corp,2000.45-49.
[41]PetersonJ.Useof web technology in monitoring tunnel-induced informations in rail-roads.Ovil Engneering Practice,2000.39-50
[42]Hart.D.etal.Tapping Protecting Relay for Power Quality Information.IEEE Computer Applications in Power,Jan,2000.45-49
[43]C.D.Maciel,C.M.Ritter.TCP/IP networking in process control plants,Comput.Ind.Eng.1998.611-614
[44]Gu J C,Yu S L.Removal of DC offset in Current and Voltage Signals Using a Novel Fourier Filter Algorithm.IEEE Trans on Power Delivery,2000.73-79
[45]O.Possion,P.Rioual and M.Meunier New Signal Processing Tools Applied to Power Quality Analysis IEEE Trans.On Power Delivery,1999.561-566
[46]Jim Luth.Data Access Custom Interface Standard Version 3.00.OPC Foundation.March 4.2003.140-147
[47]Lian F,Moyne J,Tibury D.Network design consideration for distributed controlsys tems[J]IEEETransC ontrolSy stemT echnology,2002.297-307
[2]王焕文.舰船电力系统及自动装置.北京:科学出版社,2004
[3]郑风阁.轮机自动化.大连:大连海事大学出版社.1999
[4]李麟,沈兵.舰船电力系统及其自动化.武汉:海军工程大学出版社.2001
[5]王文义.船舶电站.哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学出版社.2006
[6]林华峰.船舶电站.哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学出版社.2005
[7]刘强.船舶机电基础.哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学出版社.2006
[8]SIMATIC S7-300和S7-400语句表编程参考手册
[9]杜晓滔,李志宏.S7-300 PLC和VB在铺排船控制系统中的应用,自动化博览,2008,01-02:52-54
[10]自成杰.计算机通信网络技术及应用[M].北京:人民邮电出版社2002
[11]范逸之.Visual Basic与RS—232串行通信控制[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002
[12]赵又新.《Visual Basic与单片机主从式串行通信》,工业控制计算机,1999,01:18-20
[13]周修理,杨方,陈萍.常见的串行通信接口标准.电测与仪表2001,20(4):33-35
[14]郑文波.控制网络技术[M],清华大学出版社,2001
[15]吴爱国,李长滨.工业以太网协议EtherNet/IP[J],计算机应用,2003,23(11):80-82
[16]陈积明,王智,孙优贤.工业以太网的研究现状及展望,化工自动化及仪表,2001,28(6):22-25
[17]张科新.工业以太网联网设备基本知识,大众科技,2005,2(28):100-102
[18]全为民,白玉美.基于RS485总线的电力远动分站的设计与实现,电测与仪表2002,4(39):120-125
[19]李永,李芙玲,荣蓉.基于RS485标准的供电系统微机监控的接口设计,华北科技学院学报,2005,2(4):32-36
[20]佟为明,陈培友,刘勇.以太网在工业领域的应用,电气应用,2005,4(8):127-131
[21]陈正非.在VB中利用MSCOMM控件实现通信技巧,工业控制计算机,1999,20:31-33
[22]何立民.单片机应用技术选编,北京航空航天大学出版社,1999
[23]蔡美琴,张为民等.MCS-51系列单片机系统极其应用,高等教育出版社,1992
[24]周美娇,应启戛,隋国荣.综合工业监控网络在电力系统中的应用,动力工程,2005,25(4):60-63
[25]易江义.工控组态软件的发展与开发设计.洛阳工业高等专科学校学报.2003,13(1):33-35
[26]孙文福.船舶电站柴油发电机组网络式监控技术研究,哈尔滨工程大学.2006,20:60-63
[27]Fame View使用手册,2005
[28]徐凯冬,王宏.基于以太网的工业控制网络,信息与控制,2000,30(5):50-53
[29]江甫,黄少先.基于计算机与网络仪表的电力参数测量系统.仪表技术与传感器,2003,29(11):63-65
[30]陈磊,冯冬芹,金建祥,褚健.以太网在工业应用中的实时能力分析化工自动化及仪表.2003,30(1):44-47
[31]盛寿麟.电力系统远程监控原理.北京:中国电力出版社,1998
[32]李立.以太网和现场总线在工业网络中的应用.微计算机信息2001,17(10):42-43
[33]杜品圣.Ethernet-TCP/IP在现场总线通讯技术中的应用,自动化博览,2003年S1期:118-121
[34]郑震宇,许晓鸣.监控平台软件的功能及设计实例.自动化仪表.2000,29(5):55-58
[35]鹿玲杰,田燕燕等.组态软件的设计与实现方法.大庆石油学院学报.2001,30(1):11-13
[36]Perry Sink.Eight Open Networks and Industrial Ethernet,Industrial Ethernet Association.2001
[37]Pham VL,Wong KP.Antidistortion method for wavelet transform filter banks and nonstationary power system waveform harmonic analysis[J].IEE Proceedings-Generation Transmission,Distribution,2001.117-122
[38]Gregory Smith.Cable Modem Certification.Communication systems design,2000.23-25
[39]Robert G.Winch.Telecommunication,Transmission Systems.A Division of The McGraw-Hill Companies,1999.98-113
[40]Robert.Cole.Computer Communications.MACMILLAN World Publishing Corp,2000.45-49.
[41]PetersonJ.Useof web technology in monitoring tunnel-induced informations in rail-roads.Ovil Engneering Practice,2000.39-50
[42]Hart.D.etal.Tapping Protecting Relay for Power Quality Information.IEEE Computer Applications in Power,Jan,2000.45-49
[43]C.D.Maciel,C.M.Ritter.TCP/IP networking in process control plants,Comput.Ind.Eng.1998.611-614
[44]Gu J C,Yu S L.Removal of DC offset in Current and Voltage Signals Using a Novel Fourier Filter Algorithm.IEEE Trans on Power Delivery,2000.73-79
[45]O.Possion,P.Rioual and M.Meunier New Signal Processing Tools Applied to Power Quality Analysis IEEE Trans.On Power Delivery,1999.561-566
[46]Jim Luth.Data Access Custom Interface Standard Version 3.00.OPC Foundation.March 4.2003.140-147
[47]Lian F,Moyne J,Tibury D.Network design consideration for distributed controlsys tems[J]IEEETransC ontrolSy stemT echnology,2002.297-307