基于CAN总线的工业控制系统的研究与应用
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摘要
随着计算机技术、通信技术和控制技术的发展,传统的工业控制领域正经历着一场前所未有的变革,而工业控制的网络化,更拓展了工业控制领域的发展空间,带来新的发展机遇。基于嵌入式技术和现场总线技术的兴起和广泛应用,本文以工业现场和机电设备控制的需求为基础,研究开发基于嵌入式技术的能够完成多种控制任务和数据通信功能的多用途工业控制器,并以此为独立的智能控制节点构建一个基于现场总线的工业网络控制系统,以满足多种工业控制的要求。
本文所设计的系统中作为个体的智能控制器可以独立实现控制任务,也可以通过现场网络进行联机工作,具有个体系统的独立性与网络化的联机性相结合的特点,对解决各种中小型生产设备的自动化程序控制和系统管理对网络通信和实时控制的需求具有重要意义。总的来说,本文主要进行以下几个方面的工作:
·对工业控制系统的发展状态进行分析,研究了工业控制器和网络化工业控制的应用背景和发展现状;
·分析CAN总线满足工业控制网络要求的相关技术,提出工业设备网络控制系统的总体设计,构建系统的基本层次和功能;
·在CAN通信的基础上,分析和定位控制对象,提出工业控制器的设计要求,选择嵌入式微处理器,进行控制器主控单元及外围电路的软硬件协同设计,主要包括传感器信号、开关量信号等被控量瞬时值的检测和输入模块,模拟量输入输出模块,数字量输出模块,电源模块,存储模块以及显示和人机接口模块等;
·网络控制系统的应用层通信协议的设计,底层智能控制器节点通信功能的实现以及PC-CAN通信适配卡的设计;
·分析工业控制系统在拉链机和铝锭连铸堆剁机组中的应用;
·基于CAN总线的工业控制系统研究的总结与展望
With the development of computer, as well as communication and control technology, the traditional industrial control field is going through an unprecedented change, and industrial controlling network widens industrial control field , brings about a new opportunity for development. Based on the boosting of embedded technology and Field-bus, to meet the requirements for control in industrial fields and electromechanical devices, this dissertation develop a all-purpose controller based on embedded ini-controller , which can complete multi-function control and communication. It can also be compose a networked control system based on Field-bus to satify the needs of multi-task control.
In this paper, author has designed and realized a intelligent and multi-function industrial controller, which can complete control tasks of offline operation independently in the system, and also can work online through Field-bus network. The system have both characteristics of the independence and online network, and have some realistic meaning to meet the need of network's communication and Real -time control to complete automatic control of mini-medium scaled production equipment and system management. In general, This thesis mainly focuses on the following contents.
·The article analyses the development status of industrial control system, and studies the background of actual application of industrial controller and networked control system.
·Based on analyzing corresponding technology of CAN Field-bus meeting industrial control network, the second chapter introduces a control network system to industrial equipment, constructs it's basic structure and functions.
·Analyzing and locateing control objects base on CAN Field-bus communication, the fourth chapter proposes design requirements of industrial controller. Main control unit and peripheral circuits are designed with the new model-cooperation with software and hardware, and choosing the embedded high-performance microcontroller. The system mainly include the information examination and load module of sensors signals or switch signals, analog input/output module, digital output control module, power supply module, memory module, display and user interface module and so on.
·The fifth chapter mainly expatiates definition of application layer protocol of the networked control system, realization of the communication function of intelligent controller nodes and design of PC-CAN adapters in the networked communication system.
·The sixth chapter mainly concern application of industial control system in slide fastener machine and full-automatic aluminium ingot stacker-reclaimer.
·The seventh chapter mainly expatiates summary and outlook of industial control system based on CAN Field-bus.
本文所设计的系统中作为个体的智能控制器可以独立实现控制任务,也可以通过现场网络进行联机工作,具有个体系统的独立性与网络化的联机性相结合的特点,对解决各种中小型生产设备的自动化程序控制和系统管理对网络通信和实时控制的需求具有重要意义。总的来说,本文主要进行以下几个方面的工作:
·对工业控制系统的发展状态进行分析,研究了工业控制器和网络化工业控制的应用背景和发展现状;
·分析CAN总线满足工业控制网络要求的相关技术,提出工业设备网络控制系统的总体设计,构建系统的基本层次和功能;
·在CAN通信的基础上,分析和定位控制对象,提出工业控制器的设计要求,选择嵌入式微处理器,进行控制器主控单元及外围电路的软硬件协同设计,主要包括传感器信号、开关量信号等被控量瞬时值的检测和输入模块,模拟量输入输出模块,数字量输出模块,电源模块,存储模块以及显示和人机接口模块等;
·网络控制系统的应用层通信协议的设计,底层智能控制器节点通信功能的实现以及PC-CAN通信适配卡的设计;
·分析工业控制系统在拉链机和铝锭连铸堆剁机组中的应用;
·基于CAN总线的工业控制系统研究的总结与展望
With the development of computer, as well as communication and control technology, the traditional industrial control field is going through an unprecedented change, and industrial controlling network widens industrial control field , brings about a new opportunity for development. Based on the boosting of embedded technology and Field-bus, to meet the requirements for control in industrial fields and electromechanical devices, this dissertation develop a all-purpose controller based on embedded ini-controller , which can complete multi-function control and communication. It can also be compose a networked control system based on Field-bus to satify the needs of multi-task control.
In this paper, author has designed and realized a intelligent and multi-function industrial controller, which can complete control tasks of offline operation independently in the system, and also can work online through Field-bus network. The system have both characteristics of the independence and online network, and have some realistic meaning to meet the need of network's communication and Real -time control to complete automatic control of mini-medium scaled production equipment and system management. In general, This thesis mainly focuses on the following contents.
·The article analyses the development status of industrial control system, and studies the background of actual application of industrial controller and networked control system.
·Based on analyzing corresponding technology of CAN Field-bus meeting industrial control network, the second chapter introduces a control network system to industrial equipment, constructs it's basic structure and functions.
·Analyzing and locateing control objects base on CAN Field-bus communication, the fourth chapter proposes design requirements of industrial controller. Main control unit and peripheral circuits are designed with the new model-cooperation with software and hardware, and choosing the embedded high-performance microcontroller. The system mainly include the information examination and load module of sensors signals or switch signals, analog input/output module, digital output control module, power supply module, memory module, display and user interface module and so on.
·The fifth chapter mainly expatiates definition of application layer protocol of the networked control system, realization of the communication function of intelligent controller nodes and design of PC-CAN adapters in the networked communication system.
·The sixth chapter mainly concern application of industial control system in slide fastener machine and full-automatic aluminium ingot stacker-reclaimer.
·The seventh chapter mainly expatiates summary and outlook of industial control system based on CAN Field-bus.
引文
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[8]李树雄.可编程序控制器原理及应用教程[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003.
[9]凌澄.PC总线工业控制系统精粹[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2006.
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[12]甘永梅.现场总线技术及其应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004.
[13]雷霖.现场总线控制网络技术[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2004.
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[17]Atmel Corporation.Datasheet T89C51CC01[Z].2003.
[18]高国琴.微型计算机控制技术[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2006.
[19]潘新民.微型计算机控制技术[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2003.
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[21]吴坚.计算机控制系统[M].武汉:武汉理工大学出版社,2002.
[22]龚福民.电流环接收器RCV420及其应用[J].国外电子元器件,2000,(2).22-24.
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[27]周立功.ARM微控制器基础与实战[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003.
[28]姜彩南.32k位CMOS串行EEPROM-24C32[J].国外电子元器件,1995,(4):26-29.
[29]Philips Semiconductors,High Speed CAN transceiver TJA1050.DATA SHEET.2003 OCT
[30]施隆照.数码管显示驱动和键盘扫描控制器CH451及其应用[J],国外电子元器件, 2004,(1).54-57.
[31]葛长虹.工业测控系统的抗干扰技术[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2006.
[32]郭其一.微型计算机控制技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2004.
[33]Pro.Dr.-Ing.K.Etschberger.基于CAN的较高层协议和子协议[Z],广州周立功单片机公司
[34]刘建昌.计算机控制机网络[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2006.
[35]Philips Semiconductors,stand-alone CAN controller SJA1000.DATA SHEET.2000 JAN
[36]宋琪.CAN-RS-232接口电路及协议转换软件的设计[J],电子工理师,2005,(1)69-71
[37]傅蔡安.拉链头自动装配方案的设计[J].机械设计与制造,2004,(4):89-90.
[38]梁锦.新型对射式红外线光电开关[J].电气开关,2001,(6):28-29.
[39]尚久浩.自动机械设计[M].北京:轻工业出版社,2003.
[40]聂斌.高度自动化的机械制造过程控制方法[J].机械设计,2005,(5):59-62.
[41]赵俊天.LDJ-20新型全自动铝锭堆垛机研制[J].兰州理工大学学报2005,(6):51-53.
[42]刘明.微机气动控制技术[M].南京:南京大学出版社,1996.
[43]许立梓.工业控制机及其网络控制系统[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005.
[2]刘鑫.我国工业控制自动化技术的现状与发展趋势[J].电气时代,2003,(12).
[3]周明.现场总线控制[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2002
[4]刘国海.集散控制与现场总线[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2006.
[5]廖廷常.现场总线控制系统的通信互连研究与应用[D].(8).
[6]李佑军.嵌人式系统综述[J].现代电子技术,2003,(6):90-93.
[7]Raj Kamal.嵌入式系统——体系结构、编程与设计[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2005.
[8]李树雄.可编程序控制器原理及应用教程[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003.
[9]凌澄.PC总线工业控制系统精粹[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2006.
[10]吴晓.计算机工业控制技术[M].厦门:厦门大学出版社,2005.
[11]陈在平.工业控制网络与现场总线技术[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2006.
[12]甘永梅.现场总线技术及其应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004.
[13]雷霖.现场总线控制网络技术[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2004.
[14]邬宽明.CAN总线原理和应用系统设计[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,1996.
[15]广州周立功单片机公司.CAN-bus规范V2.0[EB/OL].http://www.zlgmcu.com 2005.
[16]饶运涛.现场总线CAN原理与应用技术[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003.
[17]Atmel Corporation.Datasheet T89C51CC01[Z].2003.
[18]高国琴.微型计算机控制技术[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2006.
[19]潘新民.微型计算机控制技术[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2003.
[20]戴永.微计控制技术[M].长沙:湖南大学出版社,2004.
[21]吴坚.计算机控制系统[M].武汉:武汉理工大学出版社,2002.
[22]龚福民.电流环接收器RCV420及其应用[J].国外电子元器件,2000,(2).22-24.
[23]Maxim Corporation.Datasheet MAX186/MAX188[Z].1996.
[24]Texas Instruments Corporation.Datasheet TCL5618[Z].1999.
[25]Texas Instruments Corporation.Datasheet XTR100[Z].2003.
[26]童诗白.模拟电子技术基础[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1988.
[27]周立功.ARM微控制器基础与实战[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003.
[28]姜彩南.32k位CMOS串行EEPROM-24C32[J].国外电子元器件,1995,(4):26-29.
[29]Philips Semiconductors,High Speed CAN transceiver TJA1050.DATA SHEET.2003 OCT
[30]施隆照.数码管显示驱动和键盘扫描控制器CH451及其应用[J],国外电子元器件, 2004,(1).54-57.
[31]葛长虹.工业测控系统的抗干扰技术[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2006.
[32]郭其一.微型计算机控制技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2004.
[33]Pro.Dr.-Ing.K.Etschberger.基于CAN的较高层协议和子协议[Z],广州周立功单片机公司
[34]刘建昌.计算机控制机网络[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2006.
[35]Philips Semiconductors,stand-alone CAN controller SJA1000.DATA SHEET.2000 JAN
[36]宋琪.CAN-RS-232接口电路及协议转换软件的设计[J],电子工理师,2005,(1)69-71
[37]傅蔡安.拉链头自动装配方案的设计[J].机械设计与制造,2004,(4):89-90.
[38]梁锦.新型对射式红外线光电开关[J].电气开关,2001,(6):28-29.
[39]尚久浩.自动机械设计[M].北京:轻工业出版社,2003.
[40]聂斌.高度自动化的机械制造过程控制方法[J].机械设计,2005,(5):59-62.
[41]赵俊天.LDJ-20新型全自动铝锭堆垛机研制[J].兰州理工大学学报2005,(6):51-53.
[42]刘明.微机气动控制技术[M].南京:南京大学出版社,1996.
[43]许立梓.工业控制机及其网络控制系统[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005.