电动机负载继电器试验条件与计算机控制的试验设备
|
摘要
继电器作为典型的控制元件,广泛地应用于各种控制系统中。继电器试验是检验继电器质量的重要手段,在所有的试验项目中,电寿命是重要的试验项目之一。通过电寿命试验不但可以得到继电器的电寿命指标,而且有助于分析继电器失效的原因,为改进产品设计提供重要的依据。
随着继电器应用领域的增加,对继电器的各项技术指标的要求也越来越高。研究各种负载条件下继电器的工作特性,确定准确的试验条件,是研制高性能的试验设备和进行试验研究的基础。通过不断的技术创新,深入研究继电器失效的各种情况和造成失效的真正原因,增加试验设备的智能性和通用性,一直是国内外电器学术界研究的重要领域。
本课题主要从以下方面展开工作。
从电弧理论的角度建立了触点电气特性的数学模型。通过对典型单相双值电容异步电动机的动态特性分析,建立了数学模型。通过仿真与实际测量得出继电器控制此类负载的试验条件。基于i 2t能量不变的原则,阐述了起动试验电流持续时间的计算方法。
继电器触点失效程度与触点间燃弧时间和电弧释放能量直接相关。以典型直流小功率电动机作为负载,对燃弧时间和电弧释放能量测量技术进行了探索。并阐述了以(DSP)TMS320F2812为核心的触点电弧采集卡硬件和软件的设计方法。燃弧特性的研究,对提高电寿命试验设备的性能和电寿命预测研究有重要意义。
依据电寿命试验条件,研制了以工业控制计算机为中心的电动机负载继电器电寿命试验装置,介绍了电寿命试验装置的模拟负载和计算机测控部分的硬件设计,在软件方面实现了LabVIEW环境下试验程序的设计,并保留了DOS环境下试验程序作为选择。
As a kind of typical controlling apparatus, the relay is widely used in many control systems. The relay test is the main means of testing the relay’s quality. In all test, the electric life is one of most important test. Through the electrical life testing of relay, not only the index of relay’s electrical life can be obtained, but the main causes of failures of relay can be found, an important basis can be provided for product design.
Along with the increase in the area of application relay, higher and higher demands will be raised on the technical indicators of relay. It’s the foundation to study the work performances of relay in the various load conditions and determine accurate test conditions for developing high-performance test equipment and test research. Through continuous technological innovation, in-depth study of various relay failures and the real reasons for the failures, to increase intelligent and common of test equipment, is an important focus in the overseas and domestic investigative fields.
In this theme, the main tasks are performed in the following aspects.
The contact electrical mathematical model was established from the arc theory angle. Through the dynamic analysis of the typical single-phase double value capacity asynchronous motor, established the mathematical model. The test condition of relay controlling this kind of load was gotten through the simulation and actual survey. Based on the energy invariable principle, the computational method of the start experiment current duration was elaborated.
The failure level of relay contact directly related to arcing time and energy released with the arc. With typical low-power DC motor as a load, the measurement technology of arcing time and energy released with the arc was explored. Hardware and software design for contact arc acquisition ard was introduced, using TMS320F2812 as core. The research on arc characteristics, is of great significance to improving the performance of electric life test equipment and electric life prediction research.
Based on the test conditions of electric life, test device of relay electric life with electromotor load has been developed with industrial PC as a center. The hardware design of the simulated load device, computer monitoring and controlling of relay electric life test device was introduced. In terms of software, testing program design in LabVIEW environment was realized, and testing program in DOS environment was preserved as a choice.
随着继电器应用领域的增加,对继电器的各项技术指标的要求也越来越高。研究各种负载条件下继电器的工作特性,确定准确的试验条件,是研制高性能的试验设备和进行试验研究的基础。通过不断的技术创新,深入研究继电器失效的各种情况和造成失效的真正原因,增加试验设备的智能性和通用性,一直是国内外电器学术界研究的重要领域。
本课题主要从以下方面展开工作。
从电弧理论的角度建立了触点电气特性的数学模型。通过对典型单相双值电容异步电动机的动态特性分析,建立了数学模型。通过仿真与实际测量得出继电器控制此类负载的试验条件。基于i 2t能量不变的原则,阐述了起动试验电流持续时间的计算方法。
继电器触点失效程度与触点间燃弧时间和电弧释放能量直接相关。以典型直流小功率电动机作为负载,对燃弧时间和电弧释放能量测量技术进行了探索。并阐述了以(DSP)TMS320F2812为核心的触点电弧采集卡硬件和软件的设计方法。燃弧特性的研究,对提高电寿命试验设备的性能和电寿命预测研究有重要意义。
依据电寿命试验条件,研制了以工业控制计算机为中心的电动机负载继电器电寿命试验装置,介绍了电寿命试验装置的模拟负载和计算机测控部分的硬件设计,在软件方面实现了LabVIEW环境下试验程序的设计,并保留了DOS环境下试验程序作为选择。
As a kind of typical controlling apparatus, the relay is widely used in many control systems. The relay test is the main means of testing the relay’s quality. In all test, the electric life is one of most important test. Through the electrical life testing of relay, not only the index of relay’s electrical life can be obtained, but the main causes of failures of relay can be found, an important basis can be provided for product design.
Along with the increase in the area of application relay, higher and higher demands will be raised on the technical indicators of relay. It’s the foundation to study the work performances of relay in the various load conditions and determine accurate test conditions for developing high-performance test equipment and test research. Through continuous technological innovation, in-depth study of various relay failures and the real reasons for the failures, to increase intelligent and common of test equipment, is an important focus in the overseas and domestic investigative fields.
In this theme, the main tasks are performed in the following aspects.
The contact electrical mathematical model was established from the arc theory angle. Through the dynamic analysis of the typical single-phase double value capacity asynchronous motor, established the mathematical model. The test condition of relay controlling this kind of load was gotten through the simulation and actual survey. Based on the energy invariable principle, the computational method of the start experiment current duration was elaborated.
The failure level of relay contact directly related to arcing time and energy released with the arc. With typical low-power DC motor as a load, the measurement technology of arcing time and energy released with the arc was explored. Hardware and software design for contact arc acquisition ard was introduced, using TMS320F2812 as core. The research on arc characteristics, is of great significance to improving the performance of electric life test equipment and electric life prediction research.
Based on the test conditions of electric life, test device of relay electric life with electromotor load has been developed with industrial PC as a center. The hardware design of the simulated load device, computer monitoring and controlling of relay electric life test device was introduced. In terms of software, testing program design in LabVIEW environment was realized, and testing program in DOS environment was preserved as a choice.
引文
1. 陆俭国, 李志刚. 电器试验技术与试验方法[M]. 北京: 机械工业出版社,1995.
2. 陆俭国, 王景芹. 低压保护电器可靠性理论及其应用[M]. 北京: 机械工业出版社,2004.
3. 马志云. 电机瞬态分析[M]. 北京:中国电力出版社,1998.
4. 杜太行. 继电器电寿命试验计算机测控技术与数据处理技术. 博士学位论文.2002.
5. 耿立辉. 电机负载的继电器试验条件的研究. 机床电器,2002,(3):10-23.
6. 王京保,杜太行.交流继电器电寿命试验微机控制与检测技术的研究.机床电器,2004,(5):7-12.
7. 王其平. 电器电弧理论[M]. 北京:机械工业出版社,1995.
8. 佟为明. 低压电器继电器及其控制系统[M].第 2 版. 哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社.2003.
9. 国家标准 GB/T 2900.17-1994. 《电工术语 电器继电器》. 北京:中国标准出版社.1994.
10.国家标准 GB/T 14048.5-2001. 《低压开关设备和控制设备》. 北京:中国标准出版社.2001.
11.郑天丕. 继电器制造·工艺·使用[M]. 北京:电子工业出版社. 1996.
12.杜太行,陆俭国.计算机控制的继电器终端检测系统.低压电器,2002,(2):47-49.
13.刘鑫. 车辆用特制继电器试验条件与试验方法的研究. 机床电器, 2003,(4):8-28.
14.陆俭国. 继电器试验与检测技术的新进展. 机电元件, 2005,3 (1):34-37.
15.刘振海.交流接触器电寿命试验微机测控技术的研究.硕士学位论文. 2002.
16.杨素行等. 微型计算机系统原理与应用[M]. 北京:清华大学出版社,1995.
17.姚芳,李志刚,等. 继电器触点失效预测的研究. 继电器,2004,(16):28-31.
18.周立求,沈记全.基于 MARLAB/SIMULINK 的异步电动机建模与仿真.电机电器技术,2003,(4):32-35.
19.陈在平,杜太行.控制系统计算机仿真与 CAD-MATLAB 语言应用[M].天津:天津大学出版社.2001.
20.白永如,姚之驹. 2006 中国继电器市场研究分析. 电器工业. 2006,(7):8-12.
21.刘教民,李新福. 开关电弧图像增强算法研究. 电工技术学报,2005,20(5):20-23.
22.徐科军,张 瀚. TMS320X281x DSP 原理与应用[M]. 北京:北京航空航天大学出版社. 2006.8.
23.于万霞,宋延民. 基于 PCI 总线的高速数据采集与处理系统的研究. 低压电器,2006(3):22-28.
24.王胡舰,吴瑞生. 利用接口芯片 PCI9052 制作 PCI 总线接口卡详解. 工业控制计算机,2004,17 (12):25-27.
25.方鸿发,赵莉华. 直流继电器触点通断燃弧时间微机检测装置的研制及其应用.机电元件,1990,10(4):36-40.
26.杜太行,姚春莲. DSP 在继电器试验数据高速采集中的应用. 继电器,2001,(7):17-20.
27.韩冬冬. 塑壳断路器操作可靠性试验装置中微机检测与控制技术. 硕士学位论文, 2007.
28.赵杰,刘教民. 低压电器开关电弧可视化仿真研究. 低压电器,2005,(5):3-6.
29.于万霞. 继电器分断时过电压信号采集技术的研究. 硕士学位论文,2002.
30.李真,杜太行. 继电器电寿命试验计算机测控技术. 机床电器,2003,(2):5-56.
31.陆俭国. 机床电器检验测试手册[M]. 北京:机械工业出版社,1999.
32.张交锁,方鸿发. 继电器电弧研究综述. 机电元件,1987,7(4):25-29.
33.郑天丕,王水君. 浅谈继电器的寿命试验. 机电元件,2006,(2):28-37.
34.Laurent Morin, Nouredine Ben Jemaa, etal. Contacts Materials Performance under Break Arc in Automotive Applications. IEEE Transactions on Components and Packaging Technologies, 2002, 23(2):367~375.
35.B.J.Frost. A New Generation of Relay Test Equipment Addresses Old Relay Measurement Problem. Proceeding of 45th Relay Conference,1997.447~453.
36.Du Taihang. The research on electrical life test condition of relay with electromotor load. ElectricalContacts, Proceedings of the Annual Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts, 2002, 56-60.
37.Kezunovic Mladen,GuoYong. Modeling and Simulation of the Power Transformer Faults and Related Protective Relay Behavior. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2000,15(1).
38.J.A.Jodice Chairman, working Group I13. Relay Performance Testing-A Power System Committee Publication. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1996, vol.11(1).
39.R.Pan, etc. Test Device of Life on Solid State Relays . Proceeding of 2nd International Conference on Electrical Contacts Arcs, Apparatus&Their Applicatoin,1993, 303-304.
40.M.Kezunovic and Chen Q. Advanced relay testing and signal processing software for two-terminal digital simulator. Proceedings of the American Power Conference. 58th Annual Meeting Technology for Competition and Globalization, 1996, vol.1590-5.
41.N.Ben Jemaa,Laurent Doublet,Laurent Morin, etal. Break Arc Study for the New Electrical Level of
42V in Automotive Applications. IEEE Transactions on Components and Packaging Technologies. 2002, 25(3):420-426.
42. Li xin-fu,Liu jiao-min. Edge Detection on Arc Image of Low Voltage Apparatus. Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics. 2003, 2-5.
43.Dietrich Amft, Wolfgang Schufft. Micro-arcs at make and break processes. Proceedings of the 50th IEEE Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts and the 22nd International Conference on Electrical Contacts, 2004, p 395-402.
44.Werner F. Rieder,Thomas W. Strof. Reliability of commercial relays during life tests at low electrical contact load. IEEE Transactions on Components, Hybrids and Manufacturing Technology. v 15, n 2, Apr, 1992,15(2): p 166-171.
45.PCL-818 Series High-performance Multifunction DAS Cards User’s Manual. Advantech Co.,Ltd. Oct 2003, P/N:2000000013.
46.LabVIEW User Manual. National Instruments Corporation. April 2003, Part Number:320999E-01.
2. 陆俭国, 王景芹. 低压保护电器可靠性理论及其应用[M]. 北京: 机械工业出版社,2004.
3. 马志云. 电机瞬态分析[M]. 北京:中国电力出版社,1998.
4. 杜太行. 继电器电寿命试验计算机测控技术与数据处理技术. 博士学位论文.2002.
5. 耿立辉. 电机负载的继电器试验条件的研究. 机床电器,2002,(3):10-23.
6. 王京保,杜太行.交流继电器电寿命试验微机控制与检测技术的研究.机床电器,2004,(5):7-12.
7. 王其平. 电器电弧理论[M]. 北京:机械工业出版社,1995.
8. 佟为明. 低压电器继电器及其控制系统[M].第 2 版. 哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社.2003.
9. 国家标准 GB/T 2900.17-1994. 《电工术语 电器继电器》. 北京:中国标准出版社.1994.
10.国家标准 GB/T 14048.5-2001. 《低压开关设备和控制设备》. 北京:中国标准出版社.2001.
11.郑天丕. 继电器制造·工艺·使用[M]. 北京:电子工业出版社. 1996.
12.杜太行,陆俭国.计算机控制的继电器终端检测系统.低压电器,2002,(2):47-49.
13.刘鑫. 车辆用特制继电器试验条件与试验方法的研究. 机床电器, 2003,(4):8-28.
14.陆俭国. 继电器试验与检测技术的新进展. 机电元件, 2005,3 (1):34-37.
15.刘振海.交流接触器电寿命试验微机测控技术的研究.硕士学位论文. 2002.
16.杨素行等. 微型计算机系统原理与应用[M]. 北京:清华大学出版社,1995.
17.姚芳,李志刚,等. 继电器触点失效预测的研究. 继电器,2004,(16):28-31.
18.周立求,沈记全.基于 MARLAB/SIMULINK 的异步电动机建模与仿真.电机电器技术,2003,(4):32-35.
19.陈在平,杜太行.控制系统计算机仿真与 CAD-MATLAB 语言应用[M].天津:天津大学出版社.2001.
20.白永如,姚之驹. 2006 中国继电器市场研究分析. 电器工业. 2006,(7):8-12.
21.刘教民,李新福. 开关电弧图像增强算法研究. 电工技术学报,2005,20(5):20-23.
22.徐科军,张 瀚. TMS320X281x DSP 原理与应用[M]. 北京:北京航空航天大学出版社. 2006.8.
23.于万霞,宋延民. 基于 PCI 总线的高速数据采集与处理系统的研究. 低压电器,2006(3):22-28.
24.王胡舰,吴瑞生. 利用接口芯片 PCI9052 制作 PCI 总线接口卡详解. 工业控制计算机,2004,17 (12):25-27.
25.方鸿发,赵莉华. 直流继电器触点通断燃弧时间微机检测装置的研制及其应用.机电元件,1990,10(4):36-40.
26.杜太行,姚春莲. DSP 在继电器试验数据高速采集中的应用. 继电器,2001,(7):17-20.
27.韩冬冬. 塑壳断路器操作可靠性试验装置中微机检测与控制技术. 硕士学位论文, 2007.
28.赵杰,刘教民. 低压电器开关电弧可视化仿真研究. 低压电器,2005,(5):3-6.
29.于万霞. 继电器分断时过电压信号采集技术的研究. 硕士学位论文,2002.
30.李真,杜太行. 继电器电寿命试验计算机测控技术. 机床电器,2003,(2):5-56.
31.陆俭国. 机床电器检验测试手册[M]. 北京:机械工业出版社,1999.
32.张交锁,方鸿发. 继电器电弧研究综述. 机电元件,1987,7(4):25-29.
33.郑天丕,王水君. 浅谈继电器的寿命试验. 机电元件,2006,(2):28-37.
34.Laurent Morin, Nouredine Ben Jemaa, etal. Contacts Materials Performance under Break Arc in Automotive Applications. IEEE Transactions on Components and Packaging Technologies, 2002, 23(2):367~375.
35.B.J.Frost. A New Generation of Relay Test Equipment Addresses Old Relay Measurement Problem. Proceeding of 45th Relay Conference,1997.447~453.
36.Du Taihang. The research on electrical life test condition of relay with electromotor load. ElectricalContacts, Proceedings of the Annual Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts, 2002, 56-60.
37.Kezunovic Mladen,GuoYong. Modeling and Simulation of the Power Transformer Faults and Related Protective Relay Behavior. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2000,15(1).
38.J.A.Jodice Chairman, working Group I13. Relay Performance Testing-A Power System Committee Publication. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1996, vol.11(1).
39.R.Pan, etc. Test Device of Life on Solid State Relays . Proceeding of 2nd International Conference on Electrical Contacts Arcs, Apparatus&Their Applicatoin,1993, 303-304.
40.M.Kezunovic and Chen Q. Advanced relay testing and signal processing software for two-terminal digital simulator. Proceedings of the American Power Conference. 58th Annual Meeting Technology for Competition and Globalization, 1996, vol.1590-5.
41.N.Ben Jemaa,Laurent Doublet,Laurent Morin, etal. Break Arc Study for the New Electrical Level of
42V in Automotive Applications. IEEE Transactions on Components and Packaging Technologies. 2002, 25(3):420-426.
42. Li xin-fu,Liu jiao-min. Edge Detection on Arc Image of Low Voltage Apparatus. Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics. 2003, 2-5.
43.Dietrich Amft, Wolfgang Schufft. Micro-arcs at make and break processes. Proceedings of the 50th IEEE Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts and the 22nd International Conference on Electrical Contacts, 2004, p 395-402.
44.Werner F. Rieder,Thomas W. Strof. Reliability of commercial relays during life tests at low electrical contact load. IEEE Transactions on Components, Hybrids and Manufacturing Technology. v 15, n 2, Apr, 1992,15(2): p 166-171.
45.PCL-818 Series High-performance Multifunction DAS Cards User’s Manual. Advantech Co.,Ltd. Oct 2003, P/N:2000000013.
46.LabVIEW User Manual. National Instruments Corporation. April 2003, Part Number:320999E-01.