油罐区监控系统设计与研究
|
摘要
实施油罐区有效的监控对提高管理水平,降低工人的劳动强度,改善工人的工作条件,避免事故的发生等方面具有十分重要的意义。近年来,随着罐区规模、储罐数量的增加,对油罐区储存、装卸、管理提出了越来越高的要求,特别对罐区的自动化管理水平提出了更高的要求。另一方面,随着自动化控制理论水平、计算机应用技术与通信技术不断提高,以及工业计算机监控系统在工业生产过程中的成功应用,自动化仪表正向着数字化、智能化的方向发展,使得生产过程的底层自动化监视和控制逐渐完善,形成了基于可编程控制器、集散控制系统、现场总线控制系统的各种工业控制网络,生产的自动化水平大大提高,为港口油罐区监控系统的建立提供了技术保障。
DCS的出现导致了传统控制系统结构的变革,今后DCS的发展还是秉承集中显示、操作、管理和分散控制这一宗旨,向着计算机集成制造系统、计算机集成过程系统和现场总线控制系统方向发展。以太网作为目前应用最为广泛的局域网技术,在工业自动化和过程控制领域得到了越来越多的应用。利用因特网对现场进行远程监控是当前控制领域的热点之一。
本论文结合现场总线技术和工业以太网技术,分析罐区的实际情况,采用分布式的控制结构,设计开发了油罐区的监控系统。并成功应用于油罐区。
本文首先分析了现阶段监控系统中的网络技术,对集散控制系统、现场总线控制系统以及工业以太网进行分析比较,选定合适的控制方案。并对现阶段的防爆技术进行分析介绍。
其次,介绍了某罐区的基本情况,对工艺流程进行分析,明确控制系统基本要求,确定系统的设计原则,根据设计要求和设计原则来设计PLC控制系统以及液位监控系统。其中PLC控制系统采用MOX控制器来进行系统控制。在系统设计时主要考虑了其防爆性能和冗余性能。雷达液位系统部分选用了EMERSON公司SAAB-Rosemount品牌产品。所有的设备均为本质安全型的产品,保证了系统的安全。
最后对PLC控制系统与雷达液位系统间以及PLC与上位机之间的通信进行设置,根据现场作业需求,对流程进行分析设计,并完成对现场设备控制程序的编写。
系统经过实际运行,证明了设计的正确性以及系统的有效性
It is very important to carry on effective control in the oil tank to promote the level of management,decrease the workers' labor intensity,improve the working condition and avoid the occurrence of accident,etc.In recent years,along with the increasing of the scale of oil tank area and tank quantities,the higher requirement is needed for the storage,loading and unloading,especially for the automation management.On the other hand,along with the development of automation control theory,the computer application technology and the communication technology,as well as the successful application of industry computer supervisory systems in industrial production process,the automation instruments are developing toward the digital and intelligent,which makes process monitoring perfected gradually.The PLC,DCS,FCS and other industrial control networks are formed,and provide technology safeguard for the development of automation in oil tank area monitoring system.
The appearance of DCS leads to the reform of structure in traditional control system.The development of DCS will take the aim that is centralized display, operation,management and distributed control,and it will develop toward the CIMS, computer integrated process system and FCS.Ethernet as a LAN technology which is applied widely,has more and more application in the field of industrial automation and the process control.It is a hotspot to realize remote monitoring by Ethernet.
This paper,which is combined the technology of fieldbus and industrial Ethernet, analyses the actual situation in oil tank,and designs the monitoring system by using the distributed control structure,which has been used in the area of oil tank successfully.
Firstly,this paper analyses the network technology in the monitoring system. Through comparing the FCS,DCS and Ethernet,a proper scheme is adopted.This paper also introduces the technology of defending burst.
Secondly,this paper introduces the basic instance and analyses the technological process to ensure the requirements and the principle of this system.PLC control system and liquid level monitoring system are designed.MOX controller is used to design the PLC control system.In this system,the capability of defending burst and the redundancy are considered.The EMERSON's productions are adopted to design the liquid level monitoring system.All the equipments are intrinsic safety to ensure the safety of the system.
Finally,this paper sets the communication between the PLC control system and radar liquid level monitoring system,as well as the communication between the PLC control system and the host computer.Control program based on the requirement of the local task and the technological process is designed to control the local equipments.
The result of practical operation proves the correctness and effectiveness of this system.
DCS的出现导致了传统控制系统结构的变革,今后DCS的发展还是秉承集中显示、操作、管理和分散控制这一宗旨,向着计算机集成制造系统、计算机集成过程系统和现场总线控制系统方向发展。以太网作为目前应用最为广泛的局域网技术,在工业自动化和过程控制领域得到了越来越多的应用。利用因特网对现场进行远程监控是当前控制领域的热点之一。
本论文结合现场总线技术和工业以太网技术,分析罐区的实际情况,采用分布式的控制结构,设计开发了油罐区的监控系统。并成功应用于油罐区。
本文首先分析了现阶段监控系统中的网络技术,对集散控制系统、现场总线控制系统以及工业以太网进行分析比较,选定合适的控制方案。并对现阶段的防爆技术进行分析介绍。
其次,介绍了某罐区的基本情况,对工艺流程进行分析,明确控制系统基本要求,确定系统的设计原则,根据设计要求和设计原则来设计PLC控制系统以及液位监控系统。其中PLC控制系统采用MOX控制器来进行系统控制。在系统设计时主要考虑了其防爆性能和冗余性能。雷达液位系统部分选用了EMERSON公司SAAB-Rosemount品牌产品。所有的设备均为本质安全型的产品,保证了系统的安全。
最后对PLC控制系统与雷达液位系统间以及PLC与上位机之间的通信进行设置,根据现场作业需求,对流程进行分析设计,并完成对现场设备控制程序的编写。
系统经过实际运行,证明了设计的正确性以及系统的有效性
It is very important to carry on effective control in the oil tank to promote the level of management,decrease the workers' labor intensity,improve the working condition and avoid the occurrence of accident,etc.In recent years,along with the increasing of the scale of oil tank area and tank quantities,the higher requirement is needed for the storage,loading and unloading,especially for the automation management.On the other hand,along with the development of automation control theory,the computer application technology and the communication technology,as well as the successful application of industry computer supervisory systems in industrial production process,the automation instruments are developing toward the digital and intelligent,which makes process monitoring perfected gradually.The PLC,DCS,FCS and other industrial control networks are formed,and provide technology safeguard for the development of automation in oil tank area monitoring system.
The appearance of DCS leads to the reform of structure in traditional control system.The development of DCS will take the aim that is centralized display, operation,management and distributed control,and it will develop toward the CIMS, computer integrated process system and FCS.Ethernet as a LAN technology which is applied widely,has more and more application in the field of industrial automation and the process control.It is a hotspot to realize remote monitoring by Ethernet.
This paper,which is combined the technology of fieldbus and industrial Ethernet, analyses the actual situation in oil tank,and designs the monitoring system by using the distributed control structure,which has been used in the area of oil tank successfully.
Firstly,this paper analyses the network technology in the monitoring system. Through comparing the FCS,DCS and Ethernet,a proper scheme is adopted.This paper also introduces the technology of defending burst.
Secondly,this paper introduces the basic instance and analyses the technological process to ensure the requirements and the principle of this system.PLC control system and liquid level monitoring system are designed.MOX controller is used to design the PLC control system.In this system,the capability of defending burst and the redundancy are considered.The EMERSON's productions are adopted to design the liquid level monitoring system.All the equipments are intrinsic safety to ensure the safety of the system.
Finally,this paper sets the communication between the PLC control system and radar liquid level monitoring system,as well as the communication between the PLC control system and the host computer.Control program based on the requirement of the local task and the technological process is designed to control the local equipments.
The result of practical operation proves the correctness and effectiveness of this system.
引文
[1]于海生.微型计算机控制技术.北京:清华大学出版社,2001.225-252:
[2]张雪申,叶西宁.集散控制系统及其应用.北京:机械工业出版社,2006.28-33
[3]刘国海.集散控制系统与现场总线.北京:机械工业出版社,2006.167-170
[4]邹益仁,马增良,蒲维.现场总线控制系统的设计和开发.北京:国防工业出版社,2003.1-4
[5]赵众,冯晓东,孙康.集散控制系统原理及其应用.北京:电子工业出版社,2007.276-301
[6]章新薇,陈旭东.集散控制系统及系统开放.北京:机械工业出版社,2005.264-272
[7]陈会明.控制装置与仪表.北京:机械:正业出版社,2007.144-149
[8]李超.分布式监控系统在油田生产中的应用:[硕士学位论文].武汉:武汉理工大学控制理论与控制工程,2002
[9]徐监国.宁波港液体化工监控系统研究:[硕士学位论文].上海:上海海事大学交通运输工程,2006
[10]丁涛.储罐液位检测技术研究:[硕士学位论文].合肥:合肥工业大学机械工程,2004
[11]涂铮.化工罐区监控系统设计与研究:[硕士学位论文].武汉:武汉理工大学控制理论与控制工程,2006
[12]王丽娜.基于Modbus总线的油罐数据采集与控制系统:[硕士学位论文].天津:河北工业大学控制理论与控制工程,2004
[13]杨安春.离心泵站集散监控系统研究与开发:[硕士学位论文].成都:四川大学机械制造及其自动化,2005
[14]王波.油库储运监控系统设计与工程实现:[硕士学位论文].南京:南京理工大学控制理论与控制工程,2004
[15]李超.分布式监控系统在油田生产中的应用研究:[硕士学位论文].武汉:武汉理工大学控制理论与控制工程,2002
[16]仁秀丽,杨鹏,王如君.大型石油罐区安全控制技术及其应用研究.安全与环境学报,2005.5(1):113-115
[17]梅林.油库监控网络及信息集成方法.内江科技,2007.5:107,122
[18]张卫华,吴重光,姜春明.油库罐区安全生产监控系统.石油化工自动化,2004.5:32-34
[19]司马冰.石油化工信息化现状和发展趋势.数字化工,2004.12(12):1-4
[20]李照杰,杨洪.石化企业原油罐区自动化技术.数字石油和化工,2006.6:50-53
[21]刘亮亮,吴汉祥.基于现场总线技术的成品油库自动化管理控制系统.仪器仪表用户,2007.14(3):20-21
[22]陈希球.Modbus TCP/IP协议有那就与应用.电脑知识与技术,2007.20(2):330-331
[23]刘晨阳,张西中.基于Modbus TCP/IP协议的Premium PLC网络.工业控制计算机,2007.20(9):32-33
[24]赵军,勒江红,温雅男.广东地区油库安全现状分析.铁道部劳动安全卫生与环保,2006.33(6):277-279
[25]黄现文.SCADA系统在罐区自动化管理方面的应用.石油化工自动化,1999.3:41-45
[26]甘维兵,祁耀斌,张宇.现场总线网络在油库安全检测中的应用.石油化工自动化,2006.1:76-78
[27]佴士勇.典型易燃易爆场所防火防爆技术及安全评价方法和应用:[硕士学位论文].天津:天津理工大学矿业工程,2007
[28]商立群.本质安全电路及其研究.仪器仪表学报,2002 23(3)
[29]陆德民,张振基,黄步余.石油化工自动控制设计手册<第二版>.北京:化学工业出版社
[30]孙殿新.油田生产监控管理系统.石油仪器,2003年8月
[31]陈子平.浅谈控制系统冗余控制的实现,自动化仪表,2005.26(9):4-7
[32]王媛.本安型远程I/O系统在潜在爆炸性气体环境中的应用.电气防爆.2002,1,6
[33]米红梅,张启波,于广宁.石油液化气罐区生产与安全双重控制系统.石油化工安全技术,2001.12(6):22-25
[34]时东。成品油输油管线控制技术,石油工业出版社,2000.6
[35]Yu Ruey Fang,Liaw Shu liang,Chang Cheng Nan,Cheng Wan Yuan.Applying real time control to enhance the performance of nitrogen removal in the continuous flow SBR system.Wat Sci Tech,1998,138(3)
[36]A.R.C.Fieldbus Implementation Strategies,Automation Strategies,1997,8(8)
[37]Marcelo Luis Dultra Fieldbus Control System,Advances in Instrumentation and Control,1998,51(3):20^-24.
[38]K.W.Young,R.Piggin,P.Rachitrangsan An Object-Oriented Approach to an Agile Manufacturing Control System Design The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2001,(17):840-859
[39]Alan Reeve.Fieldbus are users involved Control and Instrumentation,1993 25
[40]Klaus Feldmann,Thomas Stockel,Bernd Haberstumpf Conception and Implementation of an Object Request Broker for the Integration of the Process Level in Manufacturing Systems Journal of Systems Integration,2001,10(2)
[41] B. Scholz, M. Wollschlaeger .Configuration, implementation and management of heterogeneous industrial communication networks using fieldbus technology. Electrical Engineering, 1998, 81(4)
[42] Thomas Dreyer, David Leal, Andrea Schrider, et al. ScadaOn Web - Web $ased Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2003, (27)
[43] JOHSOND.Hybrid.Communication:acloserlookatHART.ControlEngineering,2000,7
[44] Gerald Schick Huber, Oliver McCarthy. Distributed fieldbus and control network systems. Computing&Control Engineering Journal, 1997,8
[45] Henning Dierks.PLC-automata:a new class of implementable real-time automata. Theoretical computer science,2001.253(1)
[2]张雪申,叶西宁.集散控制系统及其应用.北京:机械工业出版社,2006.28-33
[3]刘国海.集散控制系统与现场总线.北京:机械工业出版社,2006.167-170
[4]邹益仁,马增良,蒲维.现场总线控制系统的设计和开发.北京:国防工业出版社,2003.1-4
[5]赵众,冯晓东,孙康.集散控制系统原理及其应用.北京:电子工业出版社,2007.276-301
[6]章新薇,陈旭东.集散控制系统及系统开放.北京:机械工业出版社,2005.264-272
[7]陈会明.控制装置与仪表.北京:机械:正业出版社,2007.144-149
[8]李超.分布式监控系统在油田生产中的应用:[硕士学位论文].武汉:武汉理工大学控制理论与控制工程,2002
[9]徐监国.宁波港液体化工监控系统研究:[硕士学位论文].上海:上海海事大学交通运输工程,2006
[10]丁涛.储罐液位检测技术研究:[硕士学位论文].合肥:合肥工业大学机械工程,2004
[11]涂铮.化工罐区监控系统设计与研究:[硕士学位论文].武汉:武汉理工大学控制理论与控制工程,2006
[12]王丽娜.基于Modbus总线的油罐数据采集与控制系统:[硕士学位论文].天津:河北工业大学控制理论与控制工程,2004
[13]杨安春.离心泵站集散监控系统研究与开发:[硕士学位论文].成都:四川大学机械制造及其自动化,2005
[14]王波.油库储运监控系统设计与工程实现:[硕士学位论文].南京:南京理工大学控制理论与控制工程,2004
[15]李超.分布式监控系统在油田生产中的应用研究:[硕士学位论文].武汉:武汉理工大学控制理论与控制工程,2002
[16]仁秀丽,杨鹏,王如君.大型石油罐区安全控制技术及其应用研究.安全与环境学报,2005.5(1):113-115
[17]梅林.油库监控网络及信息集成方法.内江科技,2007.5:107,122
[18]张卫华,吴重光,姜春明.油库罐区安全生产监控系统.石油化工自动化,2004.5:32-34
[19]司马冰.石油化工信息化现状和发展趋势.数字化工,2004.12(12):1-4
[20]李照杰,杨洪.石化企业原油罐区自动化技术.数字石油和化工,2006.6:50-53
[21]刘亮亮,吴汉祥.基于现场总线技术的成品油库自动化管理控制系统.仪器仪表用户,2007.14(3):20-21
[22]陈希球.Modbus TCP/IP协议有那就与应用.电脑知识与技术,2007.20(2):330-331
[23]刘晨阳,张西中.基于Modbus TCP/IP协议的Premium PLC网络.工业控制计算机,2007.20(9):32-33
[24]赵军,勒江红,温雅男.广东地区油库安全现状分析.铁道部劳动安全卫生与环保,2006.33(6):277-279
[25]黄现文.SCADA系统在罐区自动化管理方面的应用.石油化工自动化,1999.3:41-45
[26]甘维兵,祁耀斌,张宇.现场总线网络在油库安全检测中的应用.石油化工自动化,2006.1:76-78
[27]佴士勇.典型易燃易爆场所防火防爆技术及安全评价方法和应用:[硕士学位论文].天津:天津理工大学矿业工程,2007
[28]商立群.本质安全电路及其研究.仪器仪表学报,2002 23(3)
[29]陆德民,张振基,黄步余.石油化工自动控制设计手册<第二版>.北京:化学工业出版社
[30]孙殿新.油田生产监控管理系统.石油仪器,2003年8月
[31]陈子平.浅谈控制系统冗余控制的实现,自动化仪表,2005.26(9):4-7
[32]王媛.本安型远程I/O系统在潜在爆炸性气体环境中的应用.电气防爆.2002,1,6
[33]米红梅,张启波,于广宁.石油液化气罐区生产与安全双重控制系统.石油化工安全技术,2001.12(6):22-25
[34]时东。成品油输油管线控制技术,石油工业出版社,2000.6
[35]Yu Ruey Fang,Liaw Shu liang,Chang Cheng Nan,Cheng Wan Yuan.Applying real time control to enhance the performance of nitrogen removal in the continuous flow SBR system.Wat Sci Tech,1998,138(3)
[36]A.R.C.Fieldbus Implementation Strategies,Automation Strategies,1997,8(8)
[37]Marcelo Luis Dultra Fieldbus Control System,Advances in Instrumentation and Control,1998,51(3):20^-24.
[38]K.W.Young,R.Piggin,P.Rachitrangsan An Object-Oriented Approach to an Agile Manufacturing Control System Design The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2001,(17):840-859
[39]Alan Reeve.Fieldbus are users involved Control and Instrumentation,1993 25
[40]Klaus Feldmann,Thomas Stockel,Bernd Haberstumpf Conception and Implementation of an Object Request Broker for the Integration of the Process Level in Manufacturing Systems Journal of Systems Integration,2001,10(2)
[41] B. Scholz, M. Wollschlaeger .Configuration, implementation and management of heterogeneous industrial communication networks using fieldbus technology. Electrical Engineering, 1998, 81(4)
[42] Thomas Dreyer, David Leal, Andrea Schrider, et al. ScadaOn Web - Web $ased Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2003, (27)
[43] JOHSOND.Hybrid.Communication:acloserlookatHART.ControlEngineering,2000,7
[44] Gerald Schick Huber, Oliver McCarthy. Distributed fieldbus and control network systems. Computing&Control Engineering Journal, 1997,8
[45] Henning Dierks.PLC-automata:a new class of implementable real-time automata. Theoretical computer science,2001.253(1)