计及环保因素的电力系统安全经济调度研究
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摘要
随着现代工业的发展和社会的进步,能源的消耗日益剧增,随之而来的是对环境的污染和生态平衡的破坏。电力系统环境保护问题已经越来越为人们所关注。文章将火电厂的环保影响放入最优潮流中,提出一种新的目标函数权重确定方法,该方法将火电厂所处的地理位置、气象条件和影响人口综合考虑形成影响因子,并通过排放罚款将影响因子转化为具有经济意义的权重系数。利用该因子可将多目标优化问题转化为单目标优化问题,然后利用原对偶内点法对该模型进行求解。为了得到更优的结果,文章利用隶属函数将模型进行了转化,然后对传统的内点法进行了改进用以求解该多目标问题。并利用IEEE30节点系统对两种算法进行了验证。
Along with the growing energy consumption of modern society,the environmental protection problem of power system is becoming more important.In this paper,the environmental impacts of thermal power plants are considered in optimal power flow,and a new method to determine the weight of objective function is proposed.Thermal power plant's geographical location,weather conditions and the impact of population factors are taking into consideration to form a impact factor,and the factors are translated into meaningful penalty factor through the emissions fine,after that the multi-objective optimization problems been translated into a single objective optimization problem.A primal-dual interior point method is used to solve the problem.In order to obtain better results,the Membership Function is used to make a model transformation,and then the traditional interior point method has been improved to enable it to better deal with multi-objective problem.An IEEE30 bus system is used to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm.
Along with the growing energy consumption of modern society,the environmental protection problem of power system is becoming more important.In this paper,the environmental impacts of thermal power plants are considered in optimal power flow,and a new method to determine the weight of objective function is proposed.Thermal power plant's geographical location,weather conditions and the impact of population factors are taking into consideration to form a impact factor,and the factors are translated into meaningful penalty factor through the emissions fine,after that the multi-objective optimization problems been translated into a single objective optimization problem.A primal-dual interior point method is used to solve the problem.In order to obtain better results,the Membership Function is used to make a model transformation,and then the traditional interior point method has been improved to enable it to better deal with multi-objective problem.An IEEE30 bus system is used to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm.
引文
[1]徐凤刚,电力行业节能减排形势与对策,环境保护,2007,Vol.380/2007.9B,38-40
[2]2007年电力企业节能减排情况通报,国家电力监管委员会
[3]2007年中国环境状况公报,中华人民共和国环境保护部
[4]朱法华,电力工业发展与环境保护,电力环境保护,2006,22(5):1-7
[5]G.P.Granelli,M.Montagna,G.L.Pasini,and P.Marannino,"Emission constrained dynamic dispatch," Elect.Power Syst.Res.,vol.24,pp.55 - 64,1992.
[6]A.Farag,S.Albaiyat,T.C.Cheng.Economic Load Dispatch Multiobjective Optimization Procedures Using Linear-Programming Techniques.IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,1995,10(2):731-738
[7]R.Ramanathan,"Emission constrained economic dispatch," IEEE Trans.Power Syst.,vol.9,pp.1994 - 2000,Nov.1994.
[8]M.R.Gent and J.W.Lamont,"Minimum emission dispatch," IEEE Trans.Power App.Syst.,vol.PAS-90,pp.2650 - 2660,June 1971.
[9]J.H.Talaq,F.El-Hawary,and M.E.El-Hawary,"Minimum emission power flow," IEEE Trans.Power Syst.,vol.9,pp.429 - 435,Feb.1994.
[10]J.H.Talaq,F.El-Hawary,and M.E.El-Hawary,"A summary of environmental/economic dispatch algorithms," IEEE Trans.Power Syst.,vol.9,pp.1508- 1516,Aug.1994.
[11]陆华,周浩,电力市场下发电公司环境成本内部化探讨[J].企业经济,2004,(7):104-105.
[12]Ottinger RL,Wooley DR,Robinson NA,et al.Environmental costs of electricity[R].New York:Pace University Center for Environmental Legal Studies/Ocean Publications,1991.
[13]European Commission,Externalities of fuel cycles ExternE project[R].Report No.2-Methodology.European Commission DG XII,Science Research and Development,JOULE.EUR 16521 EN.Brussels,Luxembourg.1995.
[14]M.N.El-Kordy,M.A.Badr,K.A.Abed,et al.Ibrahim Economical evaluation of electricity generation considering externalities[J].Renewable Energy,2002,25:317-328.
[15]周浩,魏学好,天然气发电的环境价值[J],热力发电,2003,(5):2-5.
[16]孙可,几种类型发电公司环境成本核算的分析研究[J].能源与环境,2004,(3):23-26.
[17]张莉萍,努力降低火电环境成本[N],中国电力报,2003-12-24(5).
[18]李宁,万敏,火力发电厂环境成本测算方法研究[J].陕西电力,2008,32(2),16-18
[19]丁淑英,张清宇,徐卫国,电力生产环境成本计算方法的研究[J].热力发电,2007(02),1-4
[20]Wolfram Krewitt.德国和欧洲矿物燃料发电的环境损害代价[J].国际电力,2000,(3):54-61.
[21]Socrates Kypreos,Robert Krakowski.An Assessment of the Power-Generation Sector of China[R].Paul Scherrer Institut,Switzerland,2005.
[22]European Commission community.External Costs Research results on socio-environmental damages due to electricity and transport[R].2003.
[23]A.A.Elkeib,H.Ma,J.L.Hart.Economic-Dispatch in View of the Clean-Air Act of 1990.IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,1994,9(2):972-978
[24]刘盛松,都能灵,侯志俭,蒋传文,基于最优潮流与模糊贴近度的电力系统环境保护研究,中国电机工程学报,2003,Vol 23 No.4,21-26.
[25]J.H.Talaq,F.El-Hawary,and M.E.El-Hawary,"Minimum emission power flow",IEEE Trans.Power Syst.,vol.9,pp.429 - 435,Feb.1994.
[26]张娜,蔡睿贤,SO2、NOx与CO2排气罚款的应有数量级,中国电机工程学报,1997,17(4):286-288.
[27]Hua Wei,H.Sasaki,J.Kubokawa,"An interior point nonlinear programming for optimal power flow problems with a novel data structure,"IEEE Transactions on Power System,vol.13,no.3,pp.870-877,1998.
[28]Zhijun Qin,Yude Yang,"Vectorization Implementation of Optimal Power Flow in Rectangular Form Based on Interior Point Method," Power and Energy Society General Meeting,2008 IEEE,1-8.
[29]杨纶标,高英仪.模糊数学原理及应用[M],广州:华南理工大学出版 社,2001,3
[30]卓峻峰,赵冬梅,基于混沌搜索的多目标模糊优化潮流算法,电网技术,2003年2月,27(2),41-49
[31]王锡凡,现代电力系统分析[M],科学出版社
[32]赵洪旭,赵晋泉,侯志俭,吴际舜,利用牛顿最优潮流及替代折衷技术研究电力系统环境保护问题,上海交通大学学报,1999年12月,33(12),1550-1553
[33]王鲁,基于遗传算法的多目标优化算法研究:[硕士论文].武汉理工大学,2006
[34]刘麟,基于粒子群算法的多目标函数优化问题研究:[硕士论文].武汉理工大学,2005
[35]丁玉凤,粒子群优化算法及其在电力系统经济运行中的应用:[硕士论文].华中科技大学,2005
[36]王金华,尹泽勇,基于NSGA-Ⅱ和MOPSO融合的一种多目标优化算法[J].计算机应用,2007,11.
[2]2007年电力企业节能减排情况通报,国家电力监管委员会
[3]2007年中国环境状况公报,中华人民共和国环境保护部
[4]朱法华,电力工业发展与环境保护,电力环境保护,2006,22(5):1-7
[5]G.P.Granelli,M.Montagna,G.L.Pasini,and P.Marannino,"Emission constrained dynamic dispatch," Elect.Power Syst.Res.,vol.24,pp.55 - 64,1992.
[6]A.Farag,S.Albaiyat,T.C.Cheng.Economic Load Dispatch Multiobjective Optimization Procedures Using Linear-Programming Techniques.IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,1995,10(2):731-738
[7]R.Ramanathan,"Emission constrained economic dispatch," IEEE Trans.Power Syst.,vol.9,pp.1994 - 2000,Nov.1994.
[8]M.R.Gent and J.W.Lamont,"Minimum emission dispatch," IEEE Trans.Power App.Syst.,vol.PAS-90,pp.2650 - 2660,June 1971.
[9]J.H.Talaq,F.El-Hawary,and M.E.El-Hawary,"Minimum emission power flow," IEEE Trans.Power Syst.,vol.9,pp.429 - 435,Feb.1994.
[10]J.H.Talaq,F.El-Hawary,and M.E.El-Hawary,"A summary of environmental/economic dispatch algorithms," IEEE Trans.Power Syst.,vol.9,pp.1508- 1516,Aug.1994.
[11]陆华,周浩,电力市场下发电公司环境成本内部化探讨[J].企业经济,2004,(7):104-105.
[12]Ottinger RL,Wooley DR,Robinson NA,et al.Environmental costs of electricity[R].New York:Pace University Center for Environmental Legal Studies/Ocean Publications,1991.
[13]European Commission,Externalities of fuel cycles ExternE project[R].Report No.2-Methodology.European Commission DG XII,Science Research and Development,JOULE.EUR 16521 EN.Brussels,Luxembourg.1995.
[14]M.N.El-Kordy,M.A.Badr,K.A.Abed,et al.Ibrahim Economical evaluation of electricity generation considering externalities[J].Renewable Energy,2002,25:317-328.
[15]周浩,魏学好,天然气发电的环境价值[J],热力发电,2003,(5):2-5.
[16]孙可,几种类型发电公司环境成本核算的分析研究[J].能源与环境,2004,(3):23-26.
[17]张莉萍,努力降低火电环境成本[N],中国电力报,2003-12-24(5).
[18]李宁,万敏,火力发电厂环境成本测算方法研究[J].陕西电力,2008,32(2),16-18
[19]丁淑英,张清宇,徐卫国,电力生产环境成本计算方法的研究[J].热力发电,2007(02),1-4
[20]Wolfram Krewitt.德国和欧洲矿物燃料发电的环境损害代价[J].国际电力,2000,(3):54-61.
[21]Socrates Kypreos,Robert Krakowski.An Assessment of the Power-Generation Sector of China[R].Paul Scherrer Institut,Switzerland,2005.
[22]European Commission community.External Costs Research results on socio-environmental damages due to electricity and transport[R].2003.
[23]A.A.Elkeib,H.Ma,J.L.Hart.Economic-Dispatch in View of the Clean-Air Act of 1990.IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,1994,9(2):972-978
[24]刘盛松,都能灵,侯志俭,蒋传文,基于最优潮流与模糊贴近度的电力系统环境保护研究,中国电机工程学报,2003,Vol 23 No.4,21-26.
[25]J.H.Talaq,F.El-Hawary,and M.E.El-Hawary,"Minimum emission power flow",IEEE Trans.Power Syst.,vol.9,pp.429 - 435,Feb.1994.
[26]张娜,蔡睿贤,SO2、NOx与CO2排气罚款的应有数量级,中国电机工程学报,1997,17(4):286-288.
[27]Hua Wei,H.Sasaki,J.Kubokawa,"An interior point nonlinear programming for optimal power flow problems with a novel data structure,"IEEE Transactions on Power System,vol.13,no.3,pp.870-877,1998.
[28]Zhijun Qin,Yude Yang,"Vectorization Implementation of Optimal Power Flow in Rectangular Form Based on Interior Point Method," Power and Energy Society General Meeting,2008 IEEE,1-8.
[29]杨纶标,高英仪.模糊数学原理及应用[M],广州:华南理工大学出版 社,2001,3
[30]卓峻峰,赵冬梅,基于混沌搜索的多目标模糊优化潮流算法,电网技术,2003年2月,27(2),41-49
[31]王锡凡,现代电力系统分析[M],科学出版社
[32]赵洪旭,赵晋泉,侯志俭,吴际舜,利用牛顿最优潮流及替代折衷技术研究电力系统环境保护问题,上海交通大学学报,1999年12月,33(12),1550-1553
[33]王鲁,基于遗传算法的多目标优化算法研究:[硕士论文].武汉理工大学,2006
[34]刘麟,基于粒子群算法的多目标函数优化问题研究:[硕士论文].武汉理工大学,2005
[35]丁玉凤,粒子群优化算法及其在电力系统经济运行中的应用:[硕士论文].华中科技大学,2005
[36]王金华,尹泽勇,基于NSGA-Ⅱ和MOPSO融合的一种多目标优化算法[J].计算机应用,2007,11.