基于BPM电子政务审批系统的研究与实现
摘要
业务流程管理(BPM)是一个较新的研究领域,由工作流技术拓展而来,它以业务流程为中心,通过使用新方法、技术和工作流管理软件来推进人与人之间、人与系统之间以及系统与系统之间的整合及调整,对政府实际业务流程的设计、执行、控制、分析和优化等诸多环节进行全面的支持和管理,能够解决目前电子政务建设过程中出现的业务流程固化、信息孤岛、系统扩展性差等问题。
本文介绍了电子政务建设的发展历程,探讨了当前政务资源规划(GRP)软件的不足,在电子政务建设中引出BPM的概念,并详细介绍了BPM技术的产生背景和生命周期。对BPM中的关键技术——工作流技术进行了较为深入的研究。研究了iBPM工作流引擎的原理、结构和应用,重点研究了iBPM工作流引擎所使用的流程定义语言和流程定义元素。在BPM理论和开源工作流引擎iBPM应用的基础上,提出了电子政务网上审批系统的解决方案,并构建了电子政务审批平台。在此平台上利用J2EE技术实现了应用实例,验证了系统的可行性。
本文设计和实现的基于BPM的电子政务审批系统解决了电子政务审批系统中流程固化的缺点,能够快速地改变系统中的审批流程,以满足现实中政务具体业务变化的需求,提高了系统中业务流程的柔性,具有良好的扩展性和衔接度,真正实现系统中流程的按需调整功能,更加符合政府现实中的业务状况,充分满足政府部门的实际需要。
Business Process Management (BPM) is a new research field originated from the development of workflow technology. BPM strengthens the relationships of inter-persone, person and system and inter-systems through the new methods, thchnologies and software, concentrating on business process. As well it offers an all-around support and management for many relative fields such as designing, execution, controlling, optimizing for the business workflow. As BPM succeeds in finding solutions to those problems like inflexible process, information isolation, limited scalability, appearing in the business process of E-government, it turns into a hotspot in the field of research.
Firstly, this paper introduces the history of development of E-government, discusses the disadvantages and challenges for the Government Resources Planning (GRP) at present, brings about the idea of BPM in developing of E-government and introduces the background and life-cycle of BPM. Then this paper focuses on the key technology of BPM—workflow technology. The paper discusses the theory, structure and application of jBPM worklow engine and emphasizes process definition language and element used by Jbpm workflow engine. Finally, the resolution to the E-government networks examining and approving system is brought forword based on the primary theory of BPM and principle of jBPM workflow engine. A complete Web-formal E-government system is built. An instance is implemented on it, and the instance proves the feasibility of the system.
The E-government networks examining and approving system based on BPM worked out by this paper can reengineer business process of the system to meet the demands of business variety in E-government and expedit the reaction in system. This system is able to improve the flexility of business process. And it has better scalability and adaptability, fullly satisfies the real demands of government.
本文介绍了电子政务建设的发展历程,探讨了当前政务资源规划(GRP)软件的不足,在电子政务建设中引出BPM的概念,并详细介绍了BPM技术的产生背景和生命周期。对BPM中的关键技术——工作流技术进行了较为深入的研究。研究了iBPM工作流引擎的原理、结构和应用,重点研究了iBPM工作流引擎所使用的流程定义语言和流程定义元素。在BPM理论和开源工作流引擎iBPM应用的基础上,提出了电子政务网上审批系统的解决方案,并构建了电子政务审批平台。在此平台上利用J2EE技术实现了应用实例,验证了系统的可行性。
本文设计和实现的基于BPM的电子政务审批系统解决了电子政务审批系统中流程固化的缺点,能够快速地改变系统中的审批流程,以满足现实中政务具体业务变化的需求,提高了系统中业务流程的柔性,具有良好的扩展性和衔接度,真正实现系统中流程的按需调整功能,更加符合政府现实中的业务状况,充分满足政府部门的实际需要。
Business Process Management (BPM) is a new research field originated from the development of workflow technology. BPM strengthens the relationships of inter-persone, person and system and inter-systems through the new methods, thchnologies and software, concentrating on business process. As well it offers an all-around support and management for many relative fields such as designing, execution, controlling, optimizing for the business workflow. As BPM succeeds in finding solutions to those problems like inflexible process, information isolation, limited scalability, appearing in the business process of E-government, it turns into a hotspot in the field of research.
Firstly, this paper introduces the history of development of E-government, discusses the disadvantages and challenges for the Government Resources Planning (GRP) at present, brings about the idea of BPM in developing of E-government and introduces the background and life-cycle of BPM. Then this paper focuses on the key technology of BPM—workflow technology. The paper discusses the theory, structure and application of jBPM worklow engine and emphasizes process definition language and element used by Jbpm workflow engine. Finally, the resolution to the E-government networks examining and approving system is brought forword based on the primary theory of BPM and principle of jBPM workflow engine. A complete Web-formal E-government system is built. An instance is implemented on it, and the instance proves the feasibility of the system.
The E-government networks examining and approving system based on BPM worked out by this paper can reengineer business process of the system to meet the demands of business variety in E-government and expedit the reaction in system. This system is able to improve the flexility of business process. And it has better scalability and adaptability, fullly satisfies the real demands of government.
引文
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[2]王长胜,中国电子政务发展报告.北京:社会科学文献出版社,2005
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[31]BPMI org.Business Process Modeling Language(BPML).Working draft V0.4,2001
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[34]张立春,赵合计,UML活动图支持的工作流建模分析.计算机应用,2003,23
[35]王宇明,庄继晖,JBPM--一个开源J2EE工作流管理系统.微处理机,2006,10
[36]JPDL Reference Manual,http://docs.jboss.org/JBPM/v3/userguide/JPDL.html
[37]贺清洲,董亚波,鲁东明,基于电子政务的流程管理系统关键问题的设计与实现.计算机工程与应用,2005,15
[38]郑锋,一站式服务架构下的电子政务应用系统.计算机工程,2007,14
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[40]MySQL AB公司,MySQL administrator'sguide and language reference.北京:电子工业出版社,2007
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[2]王长胜,中国电子政务发展报告.北京:社会科学文献出版社,2005
[3]于淼,潘晓慧,ERP发展历史及现状透视.北京工业大学学报,2003,9
[4]胡海波,李海丽,政府资源规划:从概念到实施.网络和信息资源建设,2006,4
[5]庄效宁,丁菁,用政府资源规划实现邮政资源的有效利用.电子政务,2005,14
[6]张承伟,刘继山,浅谈政府资源规划.软科学,2004,2
[7]Liangzhao Zeng,Anne Ngu,Boualem Benatallah,An Agent-Based Approch for Supporting Cross-Enterprise Workflows.Australiasian Databse Conference,2003
[8]Varun Grover,William J.Kettinger,Business Process Change-Reengineering Concepts,Methods and Technologies.IDEA Group Publishing,2001
[9]W.M.P.van der Aalst,Generic Workflow Models:How to Handle Dynamic Change and Capture Management Information? Information & Management,2001,30
[10]M.Reichert,P.Dadam,ADEPT flex-Supporting Dynamic Changes of Workflows Without Losing Control,Journal ofIntelligent Information Systems-Special Issue on Workflow Management.Kluwer Academic Publicshers,2001
[11]戴雪冰,工作流技术在电子政务审批平台中的应用:[硕士学位论文].中国优秀博硕士学位论文数据库,2005
[12]尹海玲,工作流引擎及其在电子政务中的应用研究:[硕士学位论文].中国优秀博硕士学位论文数据库,2007
[13]叶琳,基于工作流的“一站式”电子政务系统设计与研究:[硕士学位论文].中国优秀博硕士学位论文数据库,2007
[14]V.Weerakkody,S.Baire,J.Choudrie,E-government:The Need for Effective Process Management in the Public Sector.Proceedings of the 39th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences,2006
[15]Y.Y.Jenny,K.W.Chiu,Effective e-Government Process Monitoting and Interoperation.Proceedings of the 40th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences,007
[16]Howard Smith,The Emergence of Business Process Management.Computer Science Corporation's Research Sevices,2003
[17]Becket Jorg,Kugeler Martin,刘祥艳,薄玉秋译,业务流程管理入门.北京:清华大学出版社,2004
[18]黄艾舟,梅绍祖,超越BPR:流程管理的管理思想研究.科学学与科学技术管理,2002,12
[19]Tom Baeyens,State of workflow.http://www.jboss.com/products/JBPM/stateofworkflow
[20]dinghong译,工作流现状.http://www.joinwork.net/blog/?p=9(中文)
[21]Workflow Management Coalition,The workflow reference model.[WfMC1003]WfMC TCOO-1003,1994,6-41
[22]S.Jablonski,C.Bussler,Workflow Management:Modeling,Concepts,Architecture and Implemention.International Thomson Computer Press,1996
[23]张敬波,韩伟译,工作流管理联盟规范WfMC--工作流参考模型
[24]WfMC TC-1016-P 7.05 beta Workflow Management Coalition Interface 1:Process Definition Interchage Process Model.1998
[25]WfMC TC-1009,Workflow Management Coalition,Programming Interface(Interface 2&3)Specification.1998
[26]徐进峰,赵文静,基于J2EE的分布式通用工作流引擎.微电子与计算机,2004,10
[27]Johnson G W,LabVIEW Graphical Programming.McGraw-Hill,1997
[28]W.van der Aalst,The Application of Petri nets to Workflow Management.Journal of Circuits Systems and Computers 1998,8
[29]吴哲辉,Petri网导论.北京:机械工业出版社,2006
[30]Workflow Management Coalition,XML Process Definition Language,Version 2.0.http://www.wfmc.org/standards/docs/TC-1025_xpdl_2_2005-10-03.pdf
[31]BPMI org.Business Process Modeling Language(BPML).Working draft V0.4,2001
[32]Collaboration-Protocol Profile and Agreement Specification Version 2.0.OASIS ebXML Collaboration Protocol Profile and Agreement Technical Committee,2002,9
[33]邱仲潘,UML与Rational Rose 2002从入门到精通.北京:电子工业出版社,2002
[34]张立春,赵合计,UML活动图支持的工作流建模分析.计算机应用,2003,23
[35]王宇明,庄继晖,JBPM--一个开源J2EE工作流管理系统.微处理机,2006,10
[36]JPDL Reference Manual,http://docs.jboss.org/JBPM/v3/userguide/JPDL.html
[37]贺清洲,董亚波,鲁东明,基于电子政务的流程管理系统关键问题的设计与实现.计算机工程与应用,2005,15
[38]郑锋,一站式服务架构下的电子政务应用系统.计算机工程,2007,14
[39]http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-5.5-doc/index.html
[40]MySQL AB公司,MySQL administrator'sguide and language reference.北京:电子工业出版社,2007
[41]Hall,Servlet与JSP权威指南.北京:机械工业出版社,2002
[42]孙卫琴,精通Hibernate,Java对象持久化技术详解.北京:电子工业出版社,2005
[43]http://www.hibernate.org/5.html
[44]张大治,精通Eclipse.北京:清华大学出版社,2006
[45]杨飞,尹宝林,柔性工作流动态层次描述及其约束规则.东南大学学报,2007,23