JBoss jBPM工作流技术的改进及应用研究
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摘要
随着工作流技术的不断发展,开源工作流产品功能日趋完善,越来越多的软件企业和客户已经意识到,自己去研发一个工作流引擎或平台,已经毫无竞争优势和价值优势,甚至有可能是成本的浪费。对开源工作流产品进行改进和完善,并将其应用到实际项目中,成为软件企业提高竞争优势,客户降低成本的重要途径。
本文选取当前开源工作流领域最容易被商业化应用的工作流管理系统JBossjBPM(Jboss Java Business Process Management)作为研究对象,从流程过程定义、流程调度机制、流程执行机制和流程实例对象四个方面详细阐述了JBoss jBPM工作流引擎的设计思想,并对JBoss jBPM的持久化机制进行了深入的剖析。通过研究发现,JBoss jBPM不是一个完整的工作流管理系统,它发展的重心在于流程引擎的优化以及对企业服务总线的支持,与成熟的工作流管理系统相比,JBoss jBPM只是提供了工作流引擎以及与应用的扩展接口,其流程设计器、流程监控、流程任务分配等功能都不完善,不能很好的满足实际应用的需求。
为了使JBoss jBPM能更好的运用于实际项目中,本文从三个方面对其进行了扩展和改进。首先,针对JBoss jBPM流程设计器jbpm-designer在实际应用中存在的问题,设计了一个能脱离开发环境独立运行的流程设计器T-jpdl,并详细阐述了该流程设计器的设计与实现方法;其次,提出了两种改进的任务分配方法:基于候选池的任务分配和基于委派的任务分配,结合使用这两种任务分配方法,可以使JBoss jBPM任务分配更加灵活和合理;最后,对JBoss jBPM的流程监控功能进行了剖析,给出了两种流程监控方式的实现方法:基于表单的流程监控和基于图形的流程监控。改进后的JBoss jBPM保持了其独立存在的特性,可以无缝集成到任何基于J2EE体系结构的应用系统中,并且不对特定的软件应用服务器和数据库产生依赖。
本文在最后简单介绍了质量技术监督管理系统,给出了系统的总体结构图,并以系统中典型的行政审批业务——工业产品生产许可证申请流程为例,阐述了改进后的JBoss jBPM在系统中的具体应用。
With the workflow technology developing, the functions of open source workflow product are going to be perfect gradually. An increasing number of software enterprises and customers have realized that it doesn't take a competitive advantage and worth advantage,or even causes the waste of cost, to develop a workflow engine or platform.To improve and perfect the open source workflow product is becoming an important way to enhance the competitive advantange of enterprises and reduce the cost of customers.
Choosed the workflow management system JBoss jBPM as the research target, which is the most prone to be commercialized in open source workflow domain,this dissertation elaborates the design idea of the JBoss jBPM engine from four aspects,including process definition,process dispatch mechanism, process execution mechanism and process instance objects,and makes a deep study of the persistence mechanism.According to the research results, JBoss jBPM is not a mature workflow management system,and its development goals focus on the optimization of workflow engine as well as the support of Enterprise Service Bus.Compared to other mature workflow management system, JBoss jBPM only provides a workflow engine and expansion interfaces with other applications, and its features such as business process designer, process monitoring and process task assignment are not perfect, and not good to meet the needs of practical applications.
For a better using in actual projects,JBoss jBPM is expended and improved from three aspects in this dissertation.Firstly, a business process designer named T-jdpl which can break away from the development environment is developed,and the design as well as realization of T-jpdl is elaborated in detail. Secondly, two improved task assignment methods,task assignment based on pool and task assignment based on appointment,are proposed. Combined with these two methods,the JBoss jBPM task assignment would be more flexible and reasonable. Finally, the process monitoring functions of JBoss jBPM are analyzed and the realization of two kinds of process monitoring,one is process monitoring based on sheet, the other is process monitoring based on graphics,is provided. The improved JBoss jBPM keeps stand alone character,and can be integrated into any application system based on the J2EE architecture seamlessly,and never depends on any software application servers or databases.
In the end of the dissertation, we give a brief at the Quality and Technical Supervision Administration System and provide the overall structure of the system.And then,we take the industrial production permit application process as an example,which is the representative administration operation of the system, to expound the specific application of the improved jBPM in the system.
本文选取当前开源工作流领域最容易被商业化应用的工作流管理系统JBossjBPM(Jboss Java Business Process Management)作为研究对象,从流程过程定义、流程调度机制、流程执行机制和流程实例对象四个方面详细阐述了JBoss jBPM工作流引擎的设计思想,并对JBoss jBPM的持久化机制进行了深入的剖析。通过研究发现,JBoss jBPM不是一个完整的工作流管理系统,它发展的重心在于流程引擎的优化以及对企业服务总线的支持,与成熟的工作流管理系统相比,JBoss jBPM只是提供了工作流引擎以及与应用的扩展接口,其流程设计器、流程监控、流程任务分配等功能都不完善,不能很好的满足实际应用的需求。
为了使JBoss jBPM能更好的运用于实际项目中,本文从三个方面对其进行了扩展和改进。首先,针对JBoss jBPM流程设计器jbpm-designer在实际应用中存在的问题,设计了一个能脱离开发环境独立运行的流程设计器T-jpdl,并详细阐述了该流程设计器的设计与实现方法;其次,提出了两种改进的任务分配方法:基于候选池的任务分配和基于委派的任务分配,结合使用这两种任务分配方法,可以使JBoss jBPM任务分配更加灵活和合理;最后,对JBoss jBPM的流程监控功能进行了剖析,给出了两种流程监控方式的实现方法:基于表单的流程监控和基于图形的流程监控。改进后的JBoss jBPM保持了其独立存在的特性,可以无缝集成到任何基于J2EE体系结构的应用系统中,并且不对特定的软件应用服务器和数据库产生依赖。
本文在最后简单介绍了质量技术监督管理系统,给出了系统的总体结构图,并以系统中典型的行政审批业务——工业产品生产许可证申请流程为例,阐述了改进后的JBoss jBPM在系统中的具体应用。
With the workflow technology developing, the functions of open source workflow product are going to be perfect gradually. An increasing number of software enterprises and customers have realized that it doesn't take a competitive advantage and worth advantage,or even causes the waste of cost, to develop a workflow engine or platform.To improve and perfect the open source workflow product is becoming an important way to enhance the competitive advantange of enterprises and reduce the cost of customers.
Choosed the workflow management system JBoss jBPM as the research target, which is the most prone to be commercialized in open source workflow domain,this dissertation elaborates the design idea of the JBoss jBPM engine from four aspects,including process definition,process dispatch mechanism, process execution mechanism and process instance objects,and makes a deep study of the persistence mechanism.According to the research results, JBoss jBPM is not a mature workflow management system,and its development goals focus on the optimization of workflow engine as well as the support of Enterprise Service Bus.Compared to other mature workflow management system, JBoss jBPM only provides a workflow engine and expansion interfaces with other applications, and its features such as business process designer, process monitoring and process task assignment are not perfect, and not good to meet the needs of practical applications.
For a better using in actual projects,JBoss jBPM is expended and improved from three aspects in this dissertation.Firstly, a business process designer named T-jdpl which can break away from the development environment is developed,and the design as well as realization of T-jpdl is elaborated in detail. Secondly, two improved task assignment methods,task assignment based on pool and task assignment based on appointment,are proposed. Combined with these two methods,the JBoss jBPM task assignment would be more flexible and reasonable. Finally, the process monitoring functions of JBoss jBPM are analyzed and the realization of two kinds of process monitoring,one is process monitoring based on sheet, the other is process monitoring based on graphics,is provided. The improved JBoss jBPM keeps stand alone character,and can be integrated into any application system based on the J2EE architecture seamlessly,and never depends on any software application servers or databases.
In the end of the dissertation, we give a brief at the Quality and Technical Supervision Administration System and provide the overall structure of the system.And then,we take the industrial production permit application process as an example,which is the representative administration operation of the system, to expound the specific application of the improved jBPM in the system.
引文
[1]WfMC.Workflow Management Coalition Specification:Terminology & Glossary.Document Number WFMC-TC- 1011,Brussels,1996.
[2]范玉顺.工作流管理技术基础.北京:清华大学出版社,2001.3-297
[3]李玮.工作流技术在科技厅电子政务中的研究与实现:[硕士学位论文].太原:太原理工大学,2006
[4]Hani Suleiman,Patrick Lightbody.OSWorkflow Manual[EB/OL].http://wiki.opensymphony.com/display/WF/Manual,2004
[5]王琳,罗万伯.基于shark工作流办公系统及其安全机制应用研究:[硕士学位论文].成都:四川大学,2006
[6]李景洲,魏道政,马绍汉.基于工作流建模技术的信息系统开发方法:[博士学位论文].沈阳:中国科学院计算机技术研究所,2001
[7]范玉顺,吴澄.工作流管理技术研究与产品现状及发展趋势[J].计算机集成制造系统,2000,6(1):1-7
[8]Alonso G,Mohan C,Gunthor R,et al.Exotica/ FMQM:A persistent message-based architecture for distributed workflow management[C]Proc.IFIP WG8.1 Working Conference on Information Systems for Decentralized Organizations,Trondheim,Aug.1995
[9]Dath S,Kochut K,Miller J,et al.ORBWork:A reliable distributed CORBA-based workflow enactment system for meteor-2[J].Technical Report UGACS -TR-97-001,Department of Computer Science,University of Georgia,Feb.1997.
[10]K C Chan,J Vonk,G Snachez,et al.A Specification Language for the WIDE Workflow Model[J].Proceedings of the 1998 ACM symposium on Applied Computing,1998,197-199
[11]Weissenfels J,Wodtke D,Weikum G,et al.The mentor architecture for enterprise-wide workflow management[J].International Conference on Management of Data.1997,26(2):576-579
[12]谢艳平,胡家宝.基于J2EE和Jbpm的分布式工作流的研究与应用:[硕士毕业论文].武汉:武汉理工大学,2006
[13]刘阳,曹宝香.基于扩展有限状态机的工作流引擎设计与实现[J].计算机工程与应用,2006,2006(32):92-96
[14]秦凯,姜浩.一种基于Petri网的工作流模型分解方法[J].计算机技术与发展,2008,18(1):97-100
[15]马可阳,张秦艳.基于开源工作流引擎OSWorkflow的电子政务系统的研究与实现:[硕士学位论文].北京:北京邮电大学,2007
[16]Jan Matlis.QuickStudy:Business Process Execution Language(BPEL)[EB/OL].http://www.computerworld.com/action/article.do?command=view ArticleBasic&articleId=102580,2005
[17]JBoss Corporation.jPDL User Guide:Introduction of jBPM[EB/OL].http://docs.jboss.com/jbpm/v3/userguide/,2007
[18]W3C,Extensible Markup Lauguage(XML)[EB/OL].http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml,2006
[19]王远,王坚.基于XPDL的工作流引擎研究与实现:[硕士学位论文].上海:同济大学,2007
[20]朱瑜,杨国纬.过程定义语言XPDL,BPML和BPEL4WS的比较分析[J].成都信息工程学院学报,2005,20(6):645-648
[21]Paril,S.ebXML and Web Services[J[.Internet Computing,IEEE,2003,7(3):74-82
[22]刘利,范磬亚,徐汀荣.一种基于BPEL4WS的多实例工作流模式的解决方案[J].计算机应用与软件,2008,25(1):165-167
[23]韩振文.JBoss JBPM在财务信息系统中的应用研究[J].电脑与信息技术,2007,29(16):82-83
[24]谢有详.工作流在供应链信息管理中的应用:[硕士学位论文],成都:四川大学,2005
[25]Workflow Management Coalition.Reference model of WfMC[EB/OL].2002
[26]金达文,杨正球.jBPM工作流引擎在OA系统中的应用:[硕士学位论文].北京:北京邮电大学,2007
[27]胡长城.揭秘jbpm流程引擎内核设计思想及构架[EB/OL].http://blog.csdn.net/james999/archive/2007/09/02/1769592.aspx#3
[28]Wil van der Aalst,kees van Hee.Workflow Management:Models,Methods,and Systems [M].Cambridge:MIT Press,2004.250-257
[29]廖雪花,曾华燊.面向工作流的系统建模技术与工具研究:[硕士学位论文].成都:西南交通大学,2003
[30]张小飞,朱岩.流程管理在电力市场中的应用研究:[硕士学位论文].南京:南京理工大学,2006
[31]钟昌杰,杨正球.JPDL流程建模在行政执法系统中的应用:[硕士学位论文].北京:北京邮电大学,2007
[32]JBoss Corporation.jPDL User Guide:Persistence of jBPM[EB/OL],http://docs.jboss.com/jbpm/v3/userguide/,2007
[33]王海云,吕立.基于工作流的应用系统开发框架的设计与实现:[硕士学位论文].沈阳:中国科学院计算机技术研究所,2007
[34]Sun Microsystems,Inc.Java Web Start White Dissertation Overview[EB/OL].http://java.sun.com/javase/technologies/desktop/webstart/index.jsp,2005
[35]Sun Microsystems,Inc.The Java Network Launching Protocol(JNLP)and Java Web Start [EB/OL].http://java.sun.com/developer/JDCTechTips/2001/tt0530.html,2001
[36]马吉荣.使用WebStart发布RCP应用程序[EB/OL].IBM中国软件开发中心,http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/opensource/os-ecl-rcpws/,2006
[37]S.Ferguson.Hessian 2.0 Serialization Protocol[EB/OL],http://hessian.caucho.com/doc/hessian-serialization.html,2007
[38]David Chappell,Tyler Jewell.Java Web Services[M].Sebastopol:O'Reilly Publications,2002.1-276
[39]Martin Gudgin,Marc Hadley.SOAP Version 1.2 Part 1,W3C liability[EB/OL].http://www.w3.org/TR/soap12-part1/,2007
[40]W3C Recommendation.XML Path Language(XPath)[EB/OL].http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath.html,1999
[41]JBoss Corporation.jPDL User Guide:Task management of jBPM[EB/OL].http://docs.jboss.com/jbpm/v3/userguide/,2007
[42]Rod Johnson,John Wiley.Professional Java Development with the Spring Framework[M].New York:Wilry Publishing,2005.400-672
[43]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局.中华人民共和国工业产品生产许可证管理条例实施办法[J].化肥标准化与质量监测,2006,2006(1):13-31
[2]范玉顺.工作流管理技术基础.北京:清华大学出版社,2001.3-297
[3]李玮.工作流技术在科技厅电子政务中的研究与实现:[硕士学位论文].太原:太原理工大学,2006
[4]Hani Suleiman,Patrick Lightbody.OSWorkflow Manual[EB/OL].http://wiki.opensymphony.com/display/WF/Manual,2004
[5]王琳,罗万伯.基于shark工作流办公系统及其安全机制应用研究:[硕士学位论文].成都:四川大学,2006
[6]李景洲,魏道政,马绍汉.基于工作流建模技术的信息系统开发方法:[博士学位论文].沈阳:中国科学院计算机技术研究所,2001
[7]范玉顺,吴澄.工作流管理技术研究与产品现状及发展趋势[J].计算机集成制造系统,2000,6(1):1-7
[8]Alonso G,Mohan C,Gunthor R,et al.Exotica/ FMQM:A persistent message-based architecture for distributed workflow management[C]Proc.IFIP WG8.1 Working Conference on Information Systems for Decentralized Organizations,Trondheim,Aug.1995
[9]Dath S,Kochut K,Miller J,et al.ORBWork:A reliable distributed CORBA-based workflow enactment system for meteor-2[J].Technical Report UGACS -TR-97-001,Department of Computer Science,University of Georgia,Feb.1997.
[10]K C Chan,J Vonk,G Snachez,et al.A Specification Language for the WIDE Workflow Model[J].Proceedings of the 1998 ACM symposium on Applied Computing,1998,197-199
[11]Weissenfels J,Wodtke D,Weikum G,et al.The mentor architecture for enterprise-wide workflow management[J].International Conference on Management of Data.1997,26(2):576-579
[12]谢艳平,胡家宝.基于J2EE和Jbpm的分布式工作流的研究与应用:[硕士毕业论文].武汉:武汉理工大学,2006
[13]刘阳,曹宝香.基于扩展有限状态机的工作流引擎设计与实现[J].计算机工程与应用,2006,2006(32):92-96
[14]秦凯,姜浩.一种基于Petri网的工作流模型分解方法[J].计算机技术与发展,2008,18(1):97-100
[15]马可阳,张秦艳.基于开源工作流引擎OSWorkflow的电子政务系统的研究与实现:[硕士学位论文].北京:北京邮电大学,2007
[16]Jan Matlis.QuickStudy:Business Process Execution Language(BPEL)[EB/OL].http://www.computerworld.com/action/article.do?command=view ArticleBasic&articleId=102580,2005
[17]JBoss Corporation.jPDL User Guide:Introduction of jBPM[EB/OL].http://docs.jboss.com/jbpm/v3/userguide/,2007
[18]W3C,Extensible Markup Lauguage(XML)[EB/OL].http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml,2006
[19]王远,王坚.基于XPDL的工作流引擎研究与实现:[硕士学位论文].上海:同济大学,2007
[20]朱瑜,杨国纬.过程定义语言XPDL,BPML和BPEL4WS的比较分析[J].成都信息工程学院学报,2005,20(6):645-648
[21]Paril,S.ebXML and Web Services[J[.Internet Computing,IEEE,2003,7(3):74-82
[22]刘利,范磬亚,徐汀荣.一种基于BPEL4WS的多实例工作流模式的解决方案[J].计算机应用与软件,2008,25(1):165-167
[23]韩振文.JBoss JBPM在财务信息系统中的应用研究[J].电脑与信息技术,2007,29(16):82-83
[24]谢有详.工作流在供应链信息管理中的应用:[硕士学位论文],成都:四川大学,2005
[25]Workflow Management Coalition.Reference model of WfMC[EB/OL].2002
[26]金达文,杨正球.jBPM工作流引擎在OA系统中的应用:[硕士学位论文].北京:北京邮电大学,2007
[27]胡长城.揭秘jbpm流程引擎内核设计思想及构架[EB/OL].http://blog.csdn.net/james999/archive/2007/09/02/1769592.aspx#3
[28]Wil van der Aalst,kees van Hee.Workflow Management:Models,Methods,and Systems [M].Cambridge:MIT Press,2004.250-257
[29]廖雪花,曾华燊.面向工作流的系统建模技术与工具研究:[硕士学位论文].成都:西南交通大学,2003
[30]张小飞,朱岩.流程管理在电力市场中的应用研究:[硕士学位论文].南京:南京理工大学,2006
[31]钟昌杰,杨正球.JPDL流程建模在行政执法系统中的应用:[硕士学位论文].北京:北京邮电大学,2007
[32]JBoss Corporation.jPDL User Guide:Persistence of jBPM[EB/OL],http://docs.jboss.com/jbpm/v3/userguide/,2007
[33]王海云,吕立.基于工作流的应用系统开发框架的设计与实现:[硕士学位论文].沈阳:中国科学院计算机技术研究所,2007
[34]Sun Microsystems,Inc.Java Web Start White Dissertation Overview[EB/OL].http://java.sun.com/javase/technologies/desktop/webstart/index.jsp,2005
[35]Sun Microsystems,Inc.The Java Network Launching Protocol(JNLP)and Java Web Start [EB/OL].http://java.sun.com/developer/JDCTechTips/2001/tt0530.html,2001
[36]马吉荣.使用WebStart发布RCP应用程序[EB/OL].IBM中国软件开发中心,http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/opensource/os-ecl-rcpws/,2006
[37]S.Ferguson.Hessian 2.0 Serialization Protocol[EB/OL],http://hessian.caucho.com/doc/hessian-serialization.html,2007
[38]David Chappell,Tyler Jewell.Java Web Services[M].Sebastopol:O'Reilly Publications,2002.1-276
[39]Martin Gudgin,Marc Hadley.SOAP Version 1.2 Part 1,W3C liability[EB/OL].http://www.w3.org/TR/soap12-part1/,2007
[40]W3C Recommendation.XML Path Language(XPath)[EB/OL].http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath.html,1999
[41]JBoss Corporation.jPDL User Guide:Task management of jBPM[EB/OL].http://docs.jboss.com/jbpm/v3/userguide/,2007
[42]Rod Johnson,John Wiley.Professional Java Development with the Spring Framework[M].New York:Wilry Publishing,2005.400-672
[43]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局.中华人民共和国工业产品生产许可证管理条例实施办法[J].化肥标准化与质量监测,2006,2006(1):13-31