民间金融监管模式创新研究
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摘要
民间金融作为正规金融的补充,其存在由来已久,不可否认其在支持民营经济快速发展、为正规金融体系注入竞争因素等方面发挥了积极作用,但随着其规模的日益扩大也逐渐暴露出一些问题,影响了经济社会的平稳发展。
2003年国家首次对民间金融的发展给予了政策支持,这一改革旨在鼓励和支持民间资本参与地方金融机构改革,意味着民间金融将会被逐步纳入国家正规金融体系中。2012年新提出金融综合改革作为化解高利贷等民间金融畸形发展形态、引导民间金融健康有序发展的长效机制。
本文重点研究了民间金融纳入管控后,金融行业主管部门、各级地方政府如何才能充分发挥其金融监管作用,管控好民间金融这匹野马,充分发挥其对现有正规金融的有效补充作用,以期寻找一种适合中国金融特色的民间金融监管模式。日前,由于民间金融一直处于国家金融监管体系之外,所以对民间金融监管的研究基本处于健全法律制度等理论层面,对监管部门的地位和发挥的作用较少提及。在民间金融步入阳光地带之后,监管部门的责任更加明确,但如何把握好监管的力度和尺度,既发挥好监管作用,维护金融市场安全与稳定,又不至于打压民间资本进入金融市场的积极性,发挥好其对正规金融市场有益补充作用,是应当清晰把握和深入研究的。
本文着眼于民间金融监管模式和监管体系的构建,主要采取了比较分析法和规范分析法,分析了我国当前的金融环境、民间金融现状及特点,充分肯定了民间金融在我国经济社会发展中发挥的积极作用,并正面分析了民间金融可能造成的负面影响和引发的风险。本文从民间金融自身性质和经济社会发展等几个方面阐述了健全民间金融监管的迫切需求和必要性,并以美国、印度等国家和台湾地区为例,通过对这些国家和地区民间金融监管模式的分析借鉴,比较剖析了我国民间金融监管的主客体特征,提出了建立基于区别审慎度的差异化多维监管模式,并在民间金融监管流程设计上进行了有益尝试。本文在分析民间金融监管现状的基础上,尝试提出一种新的民间金融监管模式,促使行业监管部门与地方政府在对民间金融的监管中既不缺位也不越位,既保障了金融市场的安全稳定,也保护了民间金融的积极性,在保障民间金融改革试点顺利进行的同时也能促进国家金融体制改革的不断推进。
Informal finance as formal financial supplement, its existence for a long time, it is undeniable that played an active role to support the rapid development of the informal economy, the formal financial system into competitive factors, but is gradually exposed as its growing size of The number of issues affecting the stable development of the economy and society.
Country for the first time in2003the development of informal financial policies to support the purpose of this reform is to encourage and support the participation of informal capital in the reform of local financial institutions, means that informal finance will be gradually incorporated into the country's formal financial system.2012new proposed comprehensive financial reform as to resolve the abnormal development of forms of usury informal financial, long-term mechanism to guide the healthy and orderly development of informal financial.
This article focus on research of informal financial into control, the financial industry, authorities, local governments how to give full play to its financial regulatory role, control of good informal financial horse Mustang, give full play to its existing formal financial valid supplementary role, in order to informal financial regulatory approach to find a suitable financial characteristics. Informal finance has been in addition to the country's financial regulatory system, so the study of civil regulation basically at the level of a sound legal system theory, the regulatory authorities in the informal financial regulatory status and the role played by the relatively scant. Informal finance into the Sun Belt, the more clearly the responsibility of the regulatory authorities, but how to grasp the intensity and scale of good supervision, both play good regulatory role to safeguard the security and stability of the financial markets, but not so suppressed informal capital into the financial market enthusiasm, play a useful complementary role of the formal financial market, should clear grasp and in-depth study.
This article looks at the construction of informal financial regulatory model and regulatory system, take a comparative analysis and specification analysis, analysis of the current financial environment, informal financial status quo and characteristics, and fully affirmed the financial folk play in China's economic and social development active role, and positive analysis of the possible negative impact of the informal financial and risk triggered. This article is elaborated from several informal financial nature of the economic and social development of a sound informal financial regulatory urgent need and necessity, and the United States, India and other countries and Taiwan, for example, these countries and regions, informal financial regulatory model analysis for reference, comparison analysis of the subject and object of the informal financial regulatory characteristics, multidimensional regulatory model based on the difference between prudent degree of differentiation, and informal financial regulatory process design useful attempt. This paper try to propose a new the informal financial regulatory mode, to promote the industry, regulatory authorities and the local government in the informal financial regulatory neither the absence nor offside, both to protect the financial markets on the basis of analysis of the informal financial regulatory status security and stability, but also to protect the enthusiasm of informal finance, and continuously push forward the reform of the financial system will also promote the smooth progress in the protection of informal financial reform pilot.
2003年国家首次对民间金融的发展给予了政策支持,这一改革旨在鼓励和支持民间资本参与地方金融机构改革,意味着民间金融将会被逐步纳入国家正规金融体系中。2012年新提出金融综合改革作为化解高利贷等民间金融畸形发展形态、引导民间金融健康有序发展的长效机制。
本文重点研究了民间金融纳入管控后,金融行业主管部门、各级地方政府如何才能充分发挥其金融监管作用,管控好民间金融这匹野马,充分发挥其对现有正规金融的有效补充作用,以期寻找一种适合中国金融特色的民间金融监管模式。日前,由于民间金融一直处于国家金融监管体系之外,所以对民间金融监管的研究基本处于健全法律制度等理论层面,对监管部门的地位和发挥的作用较少提及。在民间金融步入阳光地带之后,监管部门的责任更加明确,但如何把握好监管的力度和尺度,既发挥好监管作用,维护金融市场安全与稳定,又不至于打压民间资本进入金融市场的积极性,发挥好其对正规金融市场有益补充作用,是应当清晰把握和深入研究的。
本文着眼于民间金融监管模式和监管体系的构建,主要采取了比较分析法和规范分析法,分析了我国当前的金融环境、民间金融现状及特点,充分肯定了民间金融在我国经济社会发展中发挥的积极作用,并正面分析了民间金融可能造成的负面影响和引发的风险。本文从民间金融自身性质和经济社会发展等几个方面阐述了健全民间金融监管的迫切需求和必要性,并以美国、印度等国家和台湾地区为例,通过对这些国家和地区民间金融监管模式的分析借鉴,比较剖析了我国民间金融监管的主客体特征,提出了建立基于区别审慎度的差异化多维监管模式,并在民间金融监管流程设计上进行了有益尝试。本文在分析民间金融监管现状的基础上,尝试提出一种新的民间金融监管模式,促使行业监管部门与地方政府在对民间金融的监管中既不缺位也不越位,既保障了金融市场的安全稳定,也保护了民间金融的积极性,在保障民间金融改革试点顺利进行的同时也能促进国家金融体制改革的不断推进。
Informal finance as formal financial supplement, its existence for a long time, it is undeniable that played an active role to support the rapid development of the informal economy, the formal financial system into competitive factors, but is gradually exposed as its growing size of The number of issues affecting the stable development of the economy and society.
Country for the first time in2003the development of informal financial policies to support the purpose of this reform is to encourage and support the participation of informal capital in the reform of local financial institutions, means that informal finance will be gradually incorporated into the country's formal financial system.2012new proposed comprehensive financial reform as to resolve the abnormal development of forms of usury informal financial, long-term mechanism to guide the healthy and orderly development of informal financial.
This article focus on research of informal financial into control, the financial industry, authorities, local governments how to give full play to its financial regulatory role, control of good informal financial horse Mustang, give full play to its existing formal financial valid supplementary role, in order to informal financial regulatory approach to find a suitable financial characteristics. Informal finance has been in addition to the country's financial regulatory system, so the study of civil regulation basically at the level of a sound legal system theory, the regulatory authorities in the informal financial regulatory status and the role played by the relatively scant. Informal finance into the Sun Belt, the more clearly the responsibility of the regulatory authorities, but how to grasp the intensity and scale of good supervision, both play good regulatory role to safeguard the security and stability of the financial markets, but not so suppressed informal capital into the financial market enthusiasm, play a useful complementary role of the formal financial market, should clear grasp and in-depth study.
This article looks at the construction of informal financial regulatory model and regulatory system, take a comparative analysis and specification analysis, analysis of the current financial environment, informal financial status quo and characteristics, and fully affirmed the financial folk play in China's economic and social development active role, and positive analysis of the possible negative impact of the informal financial and risk triggered. This article is elaborated from several informal financial nature of the economic and social development of a sound informal financial regulatory urgent need and necessity, and the United States, India and other countries and Taiwan, for example, these countries and regions, informal financial regulatory model analysis for reference, comparison analysis of the subject and object of the informal financial regulatory characteristics, multidimensional regulatory model based on the difference between prudent degree of differentiation, and informal financial regulatory process design useful attempt. This paper try to propose a new the informal financial regulatory mode, to promote the industry, regulatory authorities and the local government in the informal financial regulatory neither the absence nor offside, both to protect the financial markets on the basis of analysis of the informal financial regulatory status security and stability, but also to protect the enthusiasm of informal finance, and continuously push forward the reform of the financial system will also promote the smooth progress in the protection of informal financial reform pilot.
引文
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[2]吴伯磊.非正规金融发展与政府行为：一个投资组合的视角[J].金融与经济,2009(007)：41-44.
[3]郑永哲.构建新型农村金融体系的分析与思考[J].税务与经济,2011(6)：44-48.
[4]周淑娟,祁彬.关于我国民间借贷的现状分析及立法思考[J].前沿,2011(17)：125-127.
[5]蔡四平.规范我国民间金融发展的路径选择[J].中央财经大学学报,2011(2)：21-26.
[6]丁宪浩.开放民间融资面临的问题及其路径选择[J].新金融,2011(10)：60-63.
[7]李鸥.论金融创新与民间资本的规范措施[J].中国证券期货,2011,9.
[8]许贤娟.论民间金融的比较优势与健康发展法律对策[J].沧桑,2011(1)：189-190.
[9]张孟霞.论欧盟金融监管改革与启示[J].政治与法律,2011(5)：135-144.
[10]王璐.民间金融规范发展刍议[J].经济研究导刊,2009(011)：127-129.
[11]张德强.民间金融监管：逻辑,风险,收益与可行性——基于民间金融的视角[J].金融理论与实践,2008(004)：26-31.
[12]胡一荆.民间金融与地方经济发展——温州融资模式的启示[J].南方经济,2003(003)：62-65.
[13]王宝娜.民间融资的法律规制探析[J].商业时代,2011(12)：107-108.
[14]周琳静.民间资本进入微型金融领域的理论解读与现实表达[J].安徽大学学报：哲学社会科学版,2011,35(4)：111-118.
[15]叶茜茜,杨福明.民营融资担保机构发展的现状与对策——以温州为例[J].生产力研究,2011(3)：112-114.
[16]刘静,张姗.浅论民间金融的规范性发展途径[J].会计师,2011(3)：102-103.
[17]曹爽.浅谈我国民间金融的存在与发展[J].法制与社会：旬刊，2011(15)：91.
[18]曹建新,李琴.浅析金融审计维护国家金融安全的依据与路径[J].商业会计,2012(10Z)：47-48.
[19]张华.浅析实现民间金融阳光化的障碍与对策[J].中国集体经济,2011(7).
[20]燕小青,赵丙奇.温州乱象与民间融资渠道[J].银行家,2012(11)：104-106.
[21]李亚.我国民间金融的法律规制[J].四川教育学院学报,2011,27(8)：31-35.
[22]杜伟,陈安存.我国民间金融的历史回溯[J].金融理论与实践,2011(2)：105-108.
[23]彭芳春,耿康顺.中国民间金融与正规金融的交互作用研究[J].广东金融学院学报,2011,26(001)：110-119.
[24]海鸣.中小企业民间金融支持及其创新研究[J].理论月刊,2011(002)：156-162.
[25]张健华.中小企业融资国际比较及经验[J].中国金融,2011(18)：19-22.
[26]林淑乐,张沙琪,杨非粟.中小企业融资难与非正规金融——基于金融危机背景下的研究[J].商业会计,2012(02Z)：44-45.
[27]陈时兴.对我国民间金融及其发展前景的思考[J].宏观经济研究,2005(001)：43.
[28]姜旭朝,丁昌锋.民间金融理论分析：范畴,比较与制度变迁[J].金融研究,2004(008)：100-111.
[29]樊纲.发展民间金融推动金融改革[J].珠江经济,2001,4.
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