数据库运行支撑环境——三维数据格式及存取技术
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摘要
本系统主要研究野战战场三维信息的表现、控制和处理，定义存储数据模型的数据库结构和对三维模型数据的简化和优化处理。本文吸收了面向对象思想，借鉴了数据库技术，三维技术及图像处理技术。研究如何将三维数据结构用关系型数据库的二维属性表示的问题，旨在关系数据库中存储三维模型数据，定义出一个合理的结构，有利于数据的传输和安全性，并按照战场显示效果应用要求对原始数据进行简化和优化处理。
本文定义了三维模型数据的存储格式，吸收了面向对象中的继承思想和面向对象数据库中的分段思想，在数据预处理中又采用了网格简化算法3D三角剖分法，4-8网格法和边折叠算法来处理数据，并对3D三角剖分法曲率准则和边折叠算法提出了改进，既有利于高效显示数据，又有利于减小数据库的存储量。
This system does research on represent, control and management of battlefield three-dimension information. It is used for studying the database structure of storing data model and simplifying and optimizing the 3D model data. It uses object-oriented thinking, database technology and three-dimension technology. The question is how to use the two- dimension attribute of relational database for representing three- dimension data structure. The purpose is to store three dimension model data into relational database. It need define a proper structure in favor of the transmission and security of data. It need simplify and optimize original data according to represent effect of battlefield.
In this paper, we define the data structure and perform the mesh simplification method of triangulation in three dimension, 4-8 meshes and edge-collapse algorithm. We also improve on the triangulation in three-dimension and edge-collapse algorithm to represent data faster and reduce the storage of database.
本文定义了三维模型数据的存储格式，吸收了面向对象中的继承思想和面向对象数据库中的分段思想，在数据预处理中又采用了网格简化算法3D三角剖分法，4-8网格法和边折叠算法来处理数据，并对3D三角剖分法曲率准则和边折叠算法提出了改进，既有利于高效显示数据，又有利于减小数据库的存储量。
This system does research on represent, control and management of battlefield three-dimension information. It is used for studying the database structure of storing data model and simplifying and optimizing the 3D model data. It uses object-oriented thinking, database technology and three-dimension technology. The question is how to use the two- dimension attribute of relational database for representing three- dimension data structure. The purpose is to store three dimension model data into relational database. It need define a proper structure in favor of the transmission and security of data. It need simplify and optimize original data according to represent effect of battlefield.
In this paper, we define the data structure and perform the mesh simplification method of triangulation in three dimension, 4-8 meshes and edge-collapse algorithm. We also improve on the triangulation in three-dimension and edge-collapse algorithm to represent data faster and reduce the storage of database.
引文
1 龚健雅．空间数据库管理系统的概念与发展趋势．测绘科学．2001．9 Vol 6，No．3
2 戴上平，黄革新．空间数据库研究．武汉冶金科技大学学报．1999．3 V01．22，No．1
3 袁俊红，罗梅等．面向对象数据库的探讨．信阳师范学院学报．2002．7 Vol 15，No．3
4 郑刚．面向对象数据库存储子系统的研究．沈阳化工学院学报．2002．1，Vol．16，No．1
5 姜誉，王宇颖等．面向对象数据库的分割模式及分割算法综述．journal of computer research & development 2000.6
6 李铮．面向对象数据库的研究与发展．计算机与现代化．2000年第4期
7 Andrew E.Johnson. Control of Polygonal Mesh Resolution for 3-D Computer Vision. Graphical Models and Image Processing 1998,60,261-285
8 潘艳，张惠等．三维模型的网格简化算法．山东生物医学工程．2002．4
9 p.Cignoni,C.Montani et. A comparison of mesh simplification algorithms.Istituto di Elaborazione dell'Informazione-Consiglio Nazionale dell Ricerehe Visa.Maria 1997.9, 46-56126 Pisa Italy
10 周昆，潘志庚，石教英．一种新的基于顶点聚类的网格简化算法．自动化学报．1999．1，Vol 25，No．1
11 A.heffe.Model simplification for meshing using face clustering . Computer-Aided Design,33,2001,925-934
12 陶志良，潘志庚等．基于能量评估的网格简化算法及其应用．软件学报．1997．11，Vol 8，No．12
13 Klein Reinhard. Multiresolution representations for surfaces meshes Based on the vertex decimation method. Computer & Graphics, 1998,Vol 22,No. 1,13-26
14 马小虎．计算机应用种新的基于二次误差的三角形网格简化方法．2001．11，Vol21，No．12
15 T.Xiaodong,W.Yuexian,Z.Xionghui etc. Mesh Simplification Based on Super-Face and Genetic Algorithm in Reverse Engineering .Advanced Manufacuring Technology,2002 20:303-312
16 P.Cigononi,C.Montani etc. Preserving attribute values on simplified meshes by resampling detail textures. Ivisual Computer, 46,56126 Pisa,Italy
17 D.G.Aliagat and A.A. Lastra. Smooth transitions in texture-based simplification. Computer & Graphics. 1998, Vol. 22,No.1, 71-81
18 王留召，龙志等．面向对象的三维数据模型及其存取实现．焦作工学院学报 2001．1，Vol．20，No．1
19 孙家广等．计算机图形学．第三版．北京．清华大学出版社．1998
20 殷畅．GIS中的三维可视化．研究生论文．2001．4
21 Richard S.Wright.Jr.,Michael Sweet.OpenGL超级宝典．人民邮电出版社 2001
22 骆雷超，M.Katory等．微机三维图形数据描述的数据库方法．华南理工大学学报．1992，9．3，Vol 20，No．1
23 胡甚平．视景数据库模型设计及实践．上海海运学院学报．2000．3：Vol 21 No．3
24 陈谊，战守义等．虚拟现实开发工具中几何对象的表示及存储．北京理工大学学报．2001．2，Vol 21 No．1
25 Daniel R. Schikore,Chandriajit L.Bajaj. Decimation of 2D Scalar Data with Error Control. Purdue University
26 A.Ciampalini,P.Cignoni,C.Montani,and R.Scopigno. Multiresolution Decimation Based on Global Error. The Visual Computer. 1997:13:228-246
27 Dyn N,Hormann K,Kim S-J,Levin D. Optimizing 3D triangulations using discrete curvature analysis. Mathematical Methods for Curves and Surface 2001: 135-46
28 Meek DS,Walton DJ. On surface normal and Gaussian curvature approximations given data sampled from smooth surface. Computers Aided Geometric Design. 2000:17:521-43
29 Barequet, G..and Dickerson,M. and Eppstein,D. On Triangulation Three-Dimensional Pplygons. Computational Geometry Theory & Applications. 1998(10): 155-170
30 Do Carmo. Differental geometry of Curves and surfaces. Prentice-Hall,Inc,Upper Saddle River,NJ. 1976
31 Laurent Balmelli and Martin Vetterli. Mesh Optimization Using Global Error with Application to Geometry Simplificati. Graphical Models. 2002:64,230-257
32 F, Laves. Die Bau-zuasmmenhange interhalb der Kritallstrukturen Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie. 2000: 73:202
33 曾芬芳，周琴等．基于边折叠的网格简化算法及其应用．计算机应用．2002．1，Vol 22，No．1
34 Paul S.Heckbert,Michael Garland. Optimal triangulation and quadric-based surface simplification. Computational Geometry. 1999(14): 49-65
35 Surface Simplification using quadric error Metrics. Computer Graphics Proceedings. Annual Conference Series, ACM SIGGRAPH. 1997:209-216
36 Simplifying Surfaces with Color and Texture using Quadric Error Metrics,Proceedings of IEEE Visaulization. 1998: 263-269
37 William J.Schroeder. A topology Modifying Progressive Decimation Algorithm. In IEEE Proceedings Visualization. 1997: 205-212
38 Nitin V Hattangady. A fast,topology manipulation algorithm for compaction of mesh/faceted models. Computer-Aided Design. 1998, Vol 30, No.10, pp 835-843
39 黄雪梅，陈吉红等．空间三角形网格优化算法．工程图学学报．1999 No．1
40 王弘，王长凌．一种曲面网格优化的通用算法．华中理工大学学报．200l(1)
41 李昱明 董万鹏等．基于内核技术的网格优化方法．上海交通大学学报．2002．4，Vol 36，No．4
42 蒋遂平，周明天，戴颖．基于法向的网格简化．计算机学报．1999，Vol 22，No．10
43 S.Bulman,J.Sienz,E.Hinton. Comparisons between algorithms for structural topology optimization using a series of benchmark studies. Computers & Structures. 79,2001:1203-1218
44 Mark Eastlick, steve Maddock. Triangle-Mesh Simplification using Error Polyhedra. University of Sheffield. 2001
2 戴上平，黄革新．空间数据库研究．武汉冶金科技大学学报．1999．3 V01．22，No．1
3 袁俊红，罗梅等．面向对象数据库的探讨．信阳师范学院学报．2002．7 Vol 15，No．3
4 郑刚．面向对象数据库存储子系统的研究．沈阳化工学院学报．2002．1，Vol．16，No．1
5 姜誉，王宇颖等．面向对象数据库的分割模式及分割算法综述．journal of computer research & development 2000.6
6 李铮．面向对象数据库的研究与发展．计算机与现代化．2000年第4期
7 Andrew E.Johnson. Control of Polygonal Mesh Resolution for 3-D Computer Vision. Graphical Models and Image Processing 1998,60,261-285
8 潘艳，张惠等．三维模型的网格简化算法．山东生物医学工程．2002．4
9 p.Cignoni,C.Montani et. A comparison of mesh simplification algorithms.Istituto di Elaborazione dell'Informazione-Consiglio Nazionale dell Ricerehe Visa.Maria 1997.9, 46-56126 Pisa Italy
10 周昆，潘志庚，石教英．一种新的基于顶点聚类的网格简化算法．自动化学报．1999．1，Vol 25，No．1
11 A.heffe.Model simplification for meshing using face clustering . Computer-Aided Design,33,2001,925-934
12 陶志良，潘志庚等．基于能量评估的网格简化算法及其应用．软件学报．1997．11，Vol 8，No．12
13 Klein Reinhard. Multiresolution representations for surfaces meshes Based on the vertex decimation method. Computer & Graphics, 1998,Vol 22,No. 1,13-26
14 马小虎．计算机应用种新的基于二次误差的三角形网格简化方法．2001．11，Vol21，No．12
15 T.Xiaodong,W.Yuexian,Z.Xionghui etc. Mesh Simplification Based on Super-Face and Genetic Algorithm in Reverse Engineering .Advanced Manufacuring Technology,2002 20:303-312
16 P.Cigononi,C.Montani etc. Preserving attribute values on simplified meshes by resampling detail textures. Ivisual Computer, 46,56126 Pisa,Italy
17 D.G.Aliagat and A.A. Lastra. Smooth transitions in texture-based simplification. Computer & Graphics. 1998, Vol. 22,No.1, 71-81
18 王留召，龙志等．面向对象的三维数据模型及其存取实现．焦作工学院学报 2001．1，Vol．20，No．1
19 孙家广等．计算机图形学．第三版．北京．清华大学出版社．1998
20 殷畅．GIS中的三维可视化．研究生论文．2001．4
21 Richard S.Wright.Jr.,Michael Sweet.OpenGL超级宝典．人民邮电出版社 2001
22 骆雷超，M.Katory等．微机三维图形数据描述的数据库方法．华南理工大学学报．1992，9．3，Vol 20，No．1
23 胡甚平．视景数据库模型设计及实践．上海海运学院学报．2000．3：Vol 21 No．3
24 陈谊，战守义等．虚拟现实开发工具中几何对象的表示及存储．北京理工大学学报．2001．2，Vol 21 No．1
25 Daniel R. Schikore,Chandriajit L.Bajaj. Decimation of 2D Scalar Data with Error Control. Purdue University
26 A.Ciampalini,P.Cignoni,C.Montani,and R.Scopigno. Multiresolution Decimation Based on Global Error. The Visual Computer. 1997:13:228-246
27 Dyn N,Hormann K,Kim S-J,Levin D. Optimizing 3D triangulations using discrete curvature analysis. Mathematical Methods for Curves and Surface 2001: 135-46
28 Meek DS,Walton DJ. On surface normal and Gaussian curvature approximations given data sampled from smooth surface. Computers Aided Geometric Design. 2000:17:521-43
29 Barequet, G..and Dickerson,M. and Eppstein,D. On Triangulation Three-Dimensional Pplygons. Computational Geometry Theory & Applications. 1998(10): 155-170
30 Do Carmo. Differental geometry of Curves and surfaces. Prentice-Hall,Inc,Upper Saddle River,NJ. 1976
31 Laurent Balmelli and Martin Vetterli. Mesh Optimization Using Global Error with Application to Geometry Simplificati. Graphical Models. 2002:64,230-257
32 F, Laves. Die Bau-zuasmmenhange interhalb der Kritallstrukturen Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie. 2000: 73:202
33 曾芬芳，周琴等．基于边折叠的网格简化算法及其应用．计算机应用．2002．1，Vol 22，No．1
34 Paul S.Heckbert,Michael Garland. Optimal triangulation and quadric-based surface simplification. Computational Geometry. 1999(14): 49-65
35 Surface Simplification using quadric error Metrics. Computer Graphics Proceedings. Annual Conference Series, ACM SIGGRAPH. 1997:209-216
36 Simplifying Surfaces with Color and Texture using Quadric Error Metrics,Proceedings of IEEE Visaulization. 1998: 263-269
37 William J.Schroeder. A topology Modifying Progressive Decimation Algorithm. In IEEE Proceedings Visualization. 1997: 205-212
38 Nitin V Hattangady. A fast,topology manipulation algorithm for compaction of mesh/faceted models. Computer-Aided Design. 1998, Vol 30, No.10, pp 835-843
39 黄雪梅，陈吉红等．空间三角形网格优化算法．工程图学学报．1999 No．1
40 王弘，王长凌．一种曲面网格优化的通用算法．华中理工大学学报．200l(1)
41 李昱明 董万鹏等．基于内核技术的网格优化方法．上海交通大学学报．2002．4，Vol 36，No．4
42 蒋遂平，周明天，戴颖．基于法向的网格简化．计算机学报．1999，Vol 22，No．10
43 S.Bulman,J.Sienz,E.Hinton. Comparisons between algorithms for structural topology optimization using a series of benchmark studies. Computers & Structures. 79,2001:1203-1218
44 Mark Eastlick, steve Maddock. Triangle-Mesh Simplification using Error Polyhedra. University of Sheffield. 2001