摘要
地下结构工程的稳定性对地下空间的开发利用显得十分重要。本文结合实际工
程,分析研究了大伙房水库输水隧道工程在采用掘进机施工方法的情况下,利用管
片衬砌的结构应力、变形等受力特性,考虑地下结构初始应力和开挖荷载对衬砌内
力的影响,采用薄层单元模拟衬砌管片之间、衬砌管片与围岩之间的非线性有限元
计算模型,通过分析计算得出不同荷载工况下各类典型围岩段隧道衬砌管片受力特
征、应力和位移变化规律。
1、同一类围岩在同一种工况下,由于结构和荷载的对称性,管片衬砌结构的位
移也表现出对称性,因水平向地应力较大,位移最大值、第一主应力的最大值发生
在管片衬砌结构的接头处,方向为径向指向洞内;第三主应力的方向为环向,较大
值发生在洞顶和洞底内侧。
2、同一类围岩在不同工况下,施工期管片衬砌结构位移的最大值、第三主应力
最大值比运行期要大,施工期的管片衬砌结构的第一主应力最大值比运行期要小。
3、不同种类围岩在相同的工况下,从Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ类围岩看,不论是施工期还是
运行期,管片衬砌结构的位移的最大值和第一主应力、第三主应力最大值都逐渐增
大。而管片衬砌结构的位移的相对值却非常小,不会发生错动和脱开,且管片衬砌
结构接头处的下管片较上管片的水平位移值稍大。
4、在各种工况下各类围岩的受力和变形规律相似,在隧洞附近有所变化,其他
地方变化很小。围岩的力学性质对管片衬砌结构的受力和变形有较大的影响。性态
好的围岩,隧洞衬砌的受力和变形较小,反之则较大。
Developing and utilizing underground space, it is very important for stability of underground structure engineering. In this paper, it is studied and analyzed characteristic of stress, distortion etc. of pipe liner structure combining Dahuofang transport water tunnel practice project, Tunnel Boring Machine construction, and it is considered that affects internal force of pipe liner for early stress of underground structure and digging load. In nonlinear finite element calculation model, folium cells have been simulated among pipe liner and pipe liner and wall rock.
Under varies load condition, it has educed that changing rule of stress, distortion and load characteristic pipe liner in kinds of wall rock tunnel by analysis and calculation.
1. Under the same kind of wall rock and the same condition, displacement of pipe liner is symmetry, for tunnel structure and suffered load are symmetry. As level terra stress is bigger, the maximum of displacement and the first main stress occur in tie-in of pipe liner structure, and its direction is radial and points in hole; the direction of the third main stress is annular and its maximum occurs in top and bottom hole inner.
2. Under the same kind of wall rock and different conditions, the maximum of displacement and the third main stress of pipe liner structure in construction period is bigger than these of operation period, and the maximum of the first main stress of pipe liner structure in construction period is smaller than these of operation period.
3. Under different kinds of wall rock and the same condition, from II III V kinds of wall rock, and conditions of construction period and operation period, it gradually increases that the maximum of displacement and the first main stress third main stress of pipe liner structure. But displacement relatively value of pipe liner structure is very smallness, the tie-in of pipe liner would not move and come away. And it is bigger that the level displacement value of substrate tie-in of pipe liner than upper.
4. There are similitude rule in suffered force and distortion in different kinds of wall rock and different conditions, the place by tunnel is of diversification and the other place has hardly changed. The mechanics character of wall rock distinctly affects suffered force and distortion of pipe liner structure. If the character of wall rock is finer, it is smaller for suffered force and distortion of tunnel pipe liner structure, contrarily it is bigger.
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