基于知识的协同CAPP系统若干关键技术研究
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摘要
计算机辅助工艺设计(CAPP)是连接产品设计与制造的桥梁和纽带,对产品制造的质量和成本有着重要的影响。本文在分析现代制造企业对CAPP功能需求的基础上,对基于知识的协同CAPP系统中的领域模型、知识集成、工艺协同设计与优化等关键技术进行了研究,主要内容和成果如下:
1、论述了CAPP的历史、研究现状以及发展趋势,分析了CAPP在实际应用中存在的问题,由此提出建立基于知识的协同CAPP系统。
2、分析了CAPP系统对知识管理和工艺协同设计的需求;详细阐述了基于知识的协同CAPP系统的研究基础和关键技术,提出了一个工艺协同设计的层次模型;论述了基于知识的协同CAPP系统的目标、工作流程以及体系结构。
3、基于本体的CAPP领域分析与建模的研究。论述了本体在领域分析中的作用,提出将本体模型和UML模型结合起来对CAPP领域进行建模;提出了一个层次式的领域本体模型,阐述了领域本体的开发原则,给出了领域本体的开发方法;深入研究了CAPP领域本体的开发过程;探讨了本体模型向UML模型的映射规则,并根据本体模型获得相应的UML模型。
4、基于本体的CAPP知识集成和知识检索的研究。在分析CAPP知识异构类型和集成需求的基础上,提出了基于本体的CAPP知识集成框架,对CAPP知识源表示模型、基于本体的语义映射以及CAPP知识接口规范进行了详细阐述;提出了基于本体的半自动化CAPP异构知识集成方法,并对算法的各部分进行了深入研究;在知识集成的基础上,给出了基于本体的CAPP知识检索算法和基于语义扩展的CAPP知识检索算法,并给出实例进行了验证。
5、基于知识的工艺协同设计及优化的研究。给出一个基于本体的知识表示模型,在对知识管理与组织进行探讨的基础上,提出一个工艺协同设计的知识共享框架;给出了一个工艺协同设计工作流多视图模型,并由此提出了一个基于知识的工艺协同过程模型;阐述了工艺知识的应用方式,详细探讨了工艺协同编制过程中的同步机制、会话机制、通信机制以及控制机制,并分别给出了解决策略;针对工艺协同设计过程中的多工艺路线,提出了基于双链遗传算法的分层工艺路线优化策略,并给出实例进行了验证。
6、阐述了J2EE组件的基本组成和通信机制;设计了基于知识的协同CAPP系统的开发策略和总体结构;开发了本体管理模块、CAPP知识管理模块、工艺流程管理模块、工艺协同编制模块和工艺路线优化模块,给出了相应的示例界面,叙述了该系统的应用情况。
Computer Aided Process Planning(CAPP) acts as the bridge between Computer Aided Design and Computer Aided Manufacturing, which has an important effect on the quality and cost of product development. In this dissertation, by analyzing contemporary manufacturing enterprises’requirements for CAPP functions, key technologies of knowledge based cooperative CAPP system have been investigated, such as domain model, knowledge integration, cooperative process planning and optimization ,and so on. The main contents and achievements of the dissertation are as follows:
1. Firstly the dissertation presents the history, state of the art and research trend of CAPP. Then the problems which CAPP faces in practical applications are analyzed. Furthermore, the necessity to establish knowledge based cooperative CAPP system is put forward.
2. The requirements of CAPP system for knowledge management and cooperative process planning are analyzed, and key techniques of knowledge based cooperative CAPP system are proposed in detail. Meanwhile, a multi-level model of cooperative process planning is presented. Then, the target, work flow and system structure of the knowledge based cooperative CAPP system are given.
3. CAPP domain analyzing and modeling based on ontology have been studied.
The role of ontology in domain analyzing is described, and an idea that ontology model and UML model are combined to describe CAPP domain is put forward. Then a multi-level domain ontology model is proposed, the domain ontology development principle is described, and the domain ontology development method is given. In addition, an extensive study on the development procedure of CAPP domain ontology is carried out. The mapping rules from ontology model to UML model are presented, so that the corresponding UML model can be obtained through the ontology model.
4. CAPP knowledge integration and retrieval based on ontology have been studied. By analyzing the heterogeneous types of CAPP knowledge and integration requirements, a knowledge integration structure based on ontology is proposed, and presentation model of knowledge source, semantic mapping based on ontology, as well as interfacing criteria of CAPP knowledge have been explored particularly. Then a semi-automatic method to integrate heterogeneous CAPP knowledge based on ontology is put forward, and the key technologies are investigated as well. Furhermore, methods of CAPP knowledge retrieval based on ontology and semantic expansion are presented, and examples are given to verify the methods.
5. Knowledge based cooperative process planning and optimization have been studied. A knowledge representation model based on ontology is given, and a knowledge share structure of cooperative process planning is proposed on the base of discussing the knowledge management and organization. Then a multi-view model of cooperative process planning workflow is given, and a process cooperation procedure model is proposed. Furhermore, the method of process knowledge utilization is described, and the synchronization mechanism, session mechanism, communication mechanism and control mechanism in process cooperative compilation are discussed particularly, and the resolution strategies are given respectively. Focusing on the optional process routes in the cooperative process planning, a layered process routes optimization strategy based on diploid genetic algorithm is proposed, and an example is given to verify the method.
6. The basic composing and communication mechanism of J2EE components are described, and the development strategy and overall structure of the knowledge based cooperative CAPP system are given out. Some function modules are developed, such as ontology management module, CAPP knowledge module, process workflow management module, process cooperative compilation module and process route optimization module. The application instance of the developed system is described with detailed demonstrations.
1、论述了CAPP的历史、研究现状以及发展趋势,分析了CAPP在实际应用中存在的问题,由此提出建立基于知识的协同CAPP系统。
2、分析了CAPP系统对知识管理和工艺协同设计的需求;详细阐述了基于知识的协同CAPP系统的研究基础和关键技术,提出了一个工艺协同设计的层次模型;论述了基于知识的协同CAPP系统的目标、工作流程以及体系结构。
3、基于本体的CAPP领域分析与建模的研究。论述了本体在领域分析中的作用,提出将本体模型和UML模型结合起来对CAPP领域进行建模;提出了一个层次式的领域本体模型,阐述了领域本体的开发原则,给出了领域本体的开发方法;深入研究了CAPP领域本体的开发过程;探讨了本体模型向UML模型的映射规则,并根据本体模型获得相应的UML模型。
4、基于本体的CAPP知识集成和知识检索的研究。在分析CAPP知识异构类型和集成需求的基础上,提出了基于本体的CAPP知识集成框架,对CAPP知识源表示模型、基于本体的语义映射以及CAPP知识接口规范进行了详细阐述;提出了基于本体的半自动化CAPP异构知识集成方法,并对算法的各部分进行了深入研究;在知识集成的基础上,给出了基于本体的CAPP知识检索算法和基于语义扩展的CAPP知识检索算法,并给出实例进行了验证。
5、基于知识的工艺协同设计及优化的研究。给出一个基于本体的知识表示模型,在对知识管理与组织进行探讨的基础上,提出一个工艺协同设计的知识共享框架;给出了一个工艺协同设计工作流多视图模型,并由此提出了一个基于知识的工艺协同过程模型;阐述了工艺知识的应用方式,详细探讨了工艺协同编制过程中的同步机制、会话机制、通信机制以及控制机制,并分别给出了解决策略;针对工艺协同设计过程中的多工艺路线,提出了基于双链遗传算法的分层工艺路线优化策略,并给出实例进行了验证。
6、阐述了J2EE组件的基本组成和通信机制;设计了基于知识的协同CAPP系统的开发策略和总体结构;开发了本体管理模块、CAPP知识管理模块、工艺流程管理模块、工艺协同编制模块和工艺路线优化模块,给出了相应的示例界面,叙述了该系统的应用情况。
Computer Aided Process Planning(CAPP) acts as the bridge between Computer Aided Design and Computer Aided Manufacturing, which has an important effect on the quality and cost of product development. In this dissertation, by analyzing contemporary manufacturing enterprises’requirements for CAPP functions, key technologies of knowledge based cooperative CAPP system have been investigated, such as domain model, knowledge integration, cooperative process planning and optimization ,and so on. The main contents and achievements of the dissertation are as follows:
1. Firstly the dissertation presents the history, state of the art and research trend of CAPP. Then the problems which CAPP faces in practical applications are analyzed. Furthermore, the necessity to establish knowledge based cooperative CAPP system is put forward.
2. The requirements of CAPP system for knowledge management and cooperative process planning are analyzed, and key techniques of knowledge based cooperative CAPP system are proposed in detail. Meanwhile, a multi-level model of cooperative process planning is presented. Then, the target, work flow and system structure of the knowledge based cooperative CAPP system are given.
3. CAPP domain analyzing and modeling based on ontology have been studied.
The role of ontology in domain analyzing is described, and an idea that ontology model and UML model are combined to describe CAPP domain is put forward. Then a multi-level domain ontology model is proposed, the domain ontology development principle is described, and the domain ontology development method is given. In addition, an extensive study on the development procedure of CAPP domain ontology is carried out. The mapping rules from ontology model to UML model are presented, so that the corresponding UML model can be obtained through the ontology model.
4. CAPP knowledge integration and retrieval based on ontology have been studied. By analyzing the heterogeneous types of CAPP knowledge and integration requirements, a knowledge integration structure based on ontology is proposed, and presentation model of knowledge source, semantic mapping based on ontology, as well as interfacing criteria of CAPP knowledge have been explored particularly. Then a semi-automatic method to integrate heterogeneous CAPP knowledge based on ontology is put forward, and the key technologies are investigated as well. Furhermore, methods of CAPP knowledge retrieval based on ontology and semantic expansion are presented, and examples are given to verify the methods.
5. Knowledge based cooperative process planning and optimization have been studied. A knowledge representation model based on ontology is given, and a knowledge share structure of cooperative process planning is proposed on the base of discussing the knowledge management and organization. Then a multi-view model of cooperative process planning workflow is given, and a process cooperation procedure model is proposed. Furhermore, the method of process knowledge utilization is described, and the synchronization mechanism, session mechanism, communication mechanism and control mechanism in process cooperative compilation are discussed particularly, and the resolution strategies are given respectively. Focusing on the optional process routes in the cooperative process planning, a layered process routes optimization strategy based on diploid genetic algorithm is proposed, and an example is given to verify the method.
6. The basic composing and communication mechanism of J2EE components are described, and the development strategy and overall structure of the knowledge based cooperative CAPP system are given out. Some function modules are developed, such as ontology management module, CAPP knowledge module, process workflow management module, process cooperative compilation module and process route optimization module. The application instance of the developed system is described with detailed demonstrations.
引文
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