智能涡街流量计的设计研究
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摘要
本论文通过对现有流量计及单片机在流量检测仪表中的应用现状的分析,结合流量计的发展趋势,设计了一种先进的智能涡街流量计,它能现场显示测试结果(包括瞬时流量、累计流量、温度、压力、电池剩余容量),并且通过串口可与上位机通讯,实现自动抄表功能。整个系统采用微功耗设计,电源供给的总电流不超过300μA,使得一节5AH的锂电池可以持续使用2年。
     智能涡街流量计系统由涡街传感器、温度传感器、压力传感器、液晶显示模块、主控制器等几个部分组成。主控制器使用单片机对各个传感器的信号进行采集、分析、计算,并进行补偿,得到所需数据,再将各种数据送到液晶显示器显示。论文重点论述了主控制器的硬件和软件的实现。在系统硬件设计中,采用了耗电少的PIC16F877单片机,各部分采用微功耗设计,并引入日历时钟,将日历时钟和流体的流量结合在一起,便于流量数据的查询。在软件方面引入各种抗干扰措施。通过试验,该智能涡街流量计系统运行可靠,流量测量准确,数据的显示清晰明了,系统数据保密性能和抗干扰能力强。
After analyzing the present situations of flowmeters, applications of single-chip computers in flow measurement meters, and the development trends of flowmeters, we've designed an advanced intelligence vortex flowmeter, which can display the results on-the-spot (includes instantaneous flow, total flow, temperature, pressure, and surplus capacity of the cell), communicate with the upper computers through the Serial Port and realize automatic copying meters. The system uses micro-work designs; the total supplied current is not beyond 300 A, which makes it possible that one 5AH Li-cell can be used about 2 years.
    The intelligence vortex flowmeter system is consisted of vortex sensor, temperature sensor, pressure sensor, LCD module and master controller, etc. The master controller uses a single-chip computer to collect, analyze, compute and compensate the signals of all sensors, and gets the needed data, then displays all data via the LCD. The paper mainly expatiates the realization of hardware and software of the master controller. In the hardware designing, the system uses the lower electronic-consuming PIC16F877 single-chip computer, combined with micro-work consuming design of other parts. We also used a real time clock, which is combined with the flow of liquid, so we can make inquiry the flow data conveniently. In software programming, we have used many anti-interference methods. After several tests, it is showed that the system is reliable, flow measurement is accurate, and data's confidentiality and the system's anti-interference functions are very strong.
引文
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