低压电力载波自动抄表系统软件的设计及其可靠性研究
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摘要
本文从当前电力运营部门的实际需要出发，根据电力载波通信的工作原理，在技术上提出了一种高效可行的自动抄表方案，以解决电力运营部门普遍存在的“抄表难、收费难、管理难，运营成本高”等问题。
在查阅了大量的文献资料和广泛实地调研的基础上，本文对低压电力载波自动抄表系统的工作原理和通信协议进行了详细论述，并应用改进的Musa执行时间模型对低压电力载波自动抄表系统的软件可靠性进行了分析，从而使整套方案具有较强的可操作性和较高的实际应用价值。
On the basis of the present actual circumstance in power sales departments, and according to the theory of Power Lines Communication (PLC), the paper put forward an efficient and feasible scheme of Automatic Meter Reading(AMR) to solve a series of problems in power sales departments, such as difficulty in meter reading , charging , managing , high costs for running and so on.
Based on quantity of document and wide spot investigation , the paper discussed the work theory and the communication protocol of the system in detail, and analyzed it's software reliability with improved Musa execution time Model to make the whole set of scheme have stronger feasibility and higher actual application value .
在查阅了大量的文献资料和广泛实地调研的基础上，本文对低压电力载波自动抄表系统的工作原理和通信协议进行了详细论述，并应用改进的Musa执行时间模型对低压电力载波自动抄表系统的软件可靠性进行了分析，从而使整套方案具有较强的可操作性和较高的实际应用价值。
On the basis of the present actual circumstance in power sales departments, and according to the theory of Power Lines Communication (PLC), the paper put forward an efficient and feasible scheme of Automatic Meter Reading(AMR) to solve a series of problems in power sales departments, such as difficulty in meter reading , charging , managing , high costs for running and so on.
Based on quantity of document and wide spot investigation , the paper discussed the work theory and the communication protocol of the system in detail, and analyzed it's software reliability with improved Musa execution time Model to make the whole set of scheme have stronger feasibility and higher actual application value .
引文
[1] 国家电力公司，城镇一户一表改造的若干规定，1996
[2] 郭家春，发电公司报价决策行为的分析，电力系统自动化，2002(5)
[3] 谭伦农，市场环境下电力系统的安全可靠性问题，电力系统自动化，2002(6)
[4] 陶时伟 王先明，城网改造若干问题的探讨，电气时代，2001(6)
[5] 华为，利用拨号网络建设公共接入平台，中国数据通信，2002(4)
[6] 潘莹玉，我国电力线载波通信的现状与发展，电力系统自动化时代 2001(10)
[7] 陈月云 金晓军，一种有线数传组网方案，中国数据通信，2002(5)
[8] 吴娟 薛时光 汪敏，家用电力线联网系统的研究与设计，计算机工程 2002(6)
[9] 郭忠文 汪治 唐功友，微机数据采集系统设计与实现，计算机工程2002(3)
[10] 王春荣 刘敏钰，异步串行端口的远程网络访问，现代电子技术 2002(4)
[11] 孙东卫 刘宗潘，分散控制系统中数据通信的设计，现代电子技术 2002(2)
[12] 黎洪松，调制解调器实用指南，机械工业出版社，1999
[13] 陈余年 方美琪，信息系统工程中的面向对象方法，清华大学出版社，2001
[14] 贾晶 陈元 王丽娜，信息系统的安全与保密，清华大学出版社，2001
[15] 萨师煊、王珊，数据库系统概论(第二版)，高等教育出版社，1999
[16] 于京 詹晓东 胡亦，TCP／IP教程，电子工业出版社，2001
[17] 倪维桢，数据通信原理，中国人民大学出版社，1999
[18] 曹志刚 钱亚生，现代通信原理，清华大学出版社2001
[19] 马垣，关系数据库理论，清华大学出版社，1999
[20] 张健沛，数据库原理及应用系统开发，北京邮电大学出版社，2002
[21] 刘连青，数字通信技术，机械工业出版社，2002
[22] 范逸之 江文贤 陈立元，C++ Builder与RS-232串行通信控制，清华大学出版社，2002
[23] 王钦笙，数字通信原理，北京邮电大学出版社，2002
[24] 中国电力企业联合会标准化中心DL／Z 790.11—2001采用配电线载波的配电自动化第1部分：总则第1篇：配电自动化系统的体系结构idt IEC 61334-1-1：1995 DL／Z 790.12—2001采用配电线载波的配电自动化第1部分：总则第2篇：制定规范的导则 idt IEC 61334-1-2：1997 DL／T 790.31-2001采用配电线载波的配电自动化第3部分：配电线载波信号传输要求第1篇：频带和输出电平 idt IEC 61334-3-1：1998 DL／T 790.321-2002采用配电线载波的配电自动化第3-21部分：配电线载波信号传输要求中压绝缘电容型相相结合设备 IEC 61334-3-21：1996 DL／T 790.322-2002采用配电线载波的配电自动化第3-22部分：配电线载波信号传输要求中压相地和注入式屏蔽地结合设备 IEC 61334-3-22：2001 DL／T 790.41-2002采用配电线载波的配电自动化第4部分：数据通信协议第1篇：通信系统参考模型 DL／T 790.51-2002采用配电线载波的配电自动化第5部分：低层协议集第1篇：扩频型移频键控(S-FSK)协议
[25] G.J. Dickson et al., "Status of CCITT Description Techniques and Application to Protocol Specification," Proc. IEEE, Vol. 71, No. 12, pp. 1346-1355, Dec. 1993
[26] Uyless Black,Emerging Communications Technolonies 2nd Edition Prentice Hall/Pearson 2001-10
[27] W. Chou, Computer Communications, Vol. 1,p.1, Prentice-Hall, 1998
[28] J. S. Turner, "New Directions in Communications (or Which Way to the Information Age?)" IEEE Commun. Magazine, Vol. 25, No. 9, pp. 5-12, Sept. 1998
[29] P. E. Green, "An Introduction to Network Architectures and Protocols," IEEE Trans, Vol. COM-28, No 4, pp. 413-424, April 1998
[30] W. Stallings, Data and Computer Communications. Macmillan, 1998
[31] T. Piatkowski, "Protocol Engineering," Prpc. ICC'99, pp. 1328-1332,1999
[32] G.V. Bochmann et al., "A Methods in Communication Protocol Design," IEEE Trans., Vol. COM-28, No. 4, pp. 624-631, April 2001
[33] Tom D. Tamarkin, "Automatic Meter Reading," Public Power magazine, Vol. 50, No. 5, Sept 2002
[34] G. Elsevier, "A new single-bit feedback congestion scheme for ATM networks," Computer Communications, Vol. 21, 1998
[35] Prof. J. Senior, "Modelling and measurement of radiated emission characteristics of power line communications systems for standards development," Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. on Power Line Communications, Lancaster, UK, 1999
[36] Stephen Lee, "Power line data access reviewed," Computer Communications, January 04, 2002
[37] William Stallings, Data and Computer Communications, Sixth Edition, February 15, 2002
[38] E. Ziemer, Introduction to Digital Communication (2nd Edition), Prentice Hall 09 August, 2000
[39] B. P. Lathi, Modern Digital and Analog Communication Systems, 3rd Edition, March 1998
[40] E. Ziemer, Introduction to Digital Communication, 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall, August 9, 2000
[41] P. Mellor, Software reliability data collection:problems and standards, In Software Reliability: State of the Art Report, Eds. A. Bendell and P. Mellor, Pengamon Infotech Ltd.,pp. 165-181,1996
[42] J.D. Musa and K. Okumoto, A logarithmic Poisson execution time model for software reliability measurement, Proc. 7th Int. Conf. on Software Eng., Orlando, pp. 230-238,1984
[2] 郭家春，发电公司报价决策行为的分析，电力系统自动化，2002(5)
[3] 谭伦农，市场环境下电力系统的安全可靠性问题，电力系统自动化，2002(6)
[4] 陶时伟 王先明，城网改造若干问题的探讨，电气时代，2001(6)
[5] 华为，利用拨号网络建设公共接入平台，中国数据通信，2002(4)
[6] 潘莹玉，我国电力线载波通信的现状与发展，电力系统自动化时代 2001(10)
[7] 陈月云 金晓军，一种有线数传组网方案，中国数据通信，2002(5)
[8] 吴娟 薛时光 汪敏，家用电力线联网系统的研究与设计，计算机工程 2002(6)
[9] 郭忠文 汪治 唐功友，微机数据采集系统设计与实现，计算机工程2002(3)
[10] 王春荣 刘敏钰，异步串行端口的远程网络访问，现代电子技术 2002(4)
[11] 孙东卫 刘宗潘，分散控制系统中数据通信的设计，现代电子技术 2002(2)
[12] 黎洪松，调制解调器实用指南，机械工业出版社，1999
[13] 陈余年 方美琪，信息系统工程中的面向对象方法，清华大学出版社，2001
[14] 贾晶 陈元 王丽娜，信息系统的安全与保密，清华大学出版社，2001
[15] 萨师煊、王珊，数据库系统概论(第二版)，高等教育出版社，1999
[16] 于京 詹晓东 胡亦，TCP／IP教程，电子工业出版社，2001
[17] 倪维桢，数据通信原理，中国人民大学出版社，1999
[18] 曹志刚 钱亚生，现代通信原理，清华大学出版社2001
[19] 马垣，关系数据库理论，清华大学出版社，1999
[20] 张健沛，数据库原理及应用系统开发，北京邮电大学出版社，2002
[21] 刘连青，数字通信技术，机械工业出版社，2002
[22] 范逸之 江文贤 陈立元，C++ Builder与RS-232串行通信控制，清华大学出版社，2002
[23] 王钦笙，数字通信原理，北京邮电大学出版社，2002
[24] 中国电力企业联合会标准化中心DL／Z 790.11—2001采用配电线载波的配电自动化第1部分：总则第1篇：配电自动化系统的体系结构idt IEC 61334-1-1：1995 DL／Z 790.12—2001采用配电线载波的配电自动化第1部分：总则第2篇：制定规范的导则 idt IEC 61334-1-2：1997 DL／T 790.31-2001采用配电线载波的配电自动化第3部分：配电线载波信号传输要求第1篇：频带和输出电平 idt IEC 61334-3-1：1998 DL／T 790.321-2002采用配电线载波的配电自动化第3-21部分：配电线载波信号传输要求中压绝缘电容型相相结合设备 IEC 61334-3-21：1996 DL／T 790.322-2002采用配电线载波的配电自动化第3-22部分：配电线载波信号传输要求中压相地和注入式屏蔽地结合设备 IEC 61334-3-22：2001 DL／T 790.41-2002采用配电线载波的配电自动化第4部分：数据通信协议第1篇：通信系统参考模型 DL／T 790.51-2002采用配电线载波的配电自动化第5部分：低层协议集第1篇：扩频型移频键控(S-FSK)协议
[25] G.J. Dickson et al., "Status of CCITT Description Techniques and Application to Protocol Specification," Proc. IEEE, Vol. 71, No. 12, pp. 1346-1355, Dec. 1993
[26] Uyless Black,Emerging Communications Technolonies 2nd Edition Prentice Hall/Pearson 2001-10
[27] W. Chou, Computer Communications, Vol. 1,p.1, Prentice-Hall, 1998
[28] J. S. Turner, "New Directions in Communications (or Which Way to the Information Age?)" IEEE Commun. Magazine, Vol. 25, No. 9, pp. 5-12, Sept. 1998
[29] P. E. Green, "An Introduction to Network Architectures and Protocols," IEEE Trans, Vol. COM-28, No 4, pp. 413-424, April 1998
[30] W. Stallings, Data and Computer Communications. Macmillan, 1998
[31] T. Piatkowski, "Protocol Engineering," Prpc. ICC'99, pp. 1328-1332,1999
[32] G.V. Bochmann et al., "A Methods in Communication Protocol Design," IEEE Trans., Vol. COM-28, No. 4, pp. 624-631, April 2001
[33] Tom D. Tamarkin, "Automatic Meter Reading," Public Power magazine, Vol. 50, No. 5, Sept 2002
[34] G. Elsevier, "A new single-bit feedback congestion scheme for ATM networks," Computer Communications, Vol. 21, 1998
[35] Prof. J. Senior, "Modelling and measurement of radiated emission characteristics of power line communications systems for standards development," Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. on Power Line Communications, Lancaster, UK, 1999
[36] Stephen Lee, "Power line data access reviewed," Computer Communications, January 04, 2002
[37] William Stallings, Data and Computer Communications, Sixth Edition, February 15, 2002
[38] E. Ziemer, Introduction to Digital Communication (2nd Edition), Prentice Hall 09 August, 2000
[39] B. P. Lathi, Modern Digital and Analog Communication Systems, 3rd Edition, March 1998
[40] E. Ziemer, Introduction to Digital Communication, 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall, August 9, 2000
[41] P. Mellor, Software reliability data collection:problems and standards, In Software Reliability: State of the Art Report, Eds. A. Bendell and P. Mellor, Pengamon Infotech Ltd.,pp. 165-181,1996
[42] J.D. Musa and K. Okumoto, A logarithmic Poisson execution time model for software reliability measurement, Proc. 7th Int. Conf. on Software Eng., Orlando, pp. 230-238,1984