雷达线性调频多目标信号源的设计
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摘要
本文首先针对靶场测量的多日标环境的新要求，阐述了某新型雷达由于采用脉冲压缩技术而具有了一个波束内跟踪多目标的能力。但是该雷达没有线性调频模拟信号，使得不管在平时的分机的调机、设备维护和故障排除中，还是在雷达系统多目标跟踪能力和跟踪可靠性上都难以达到预想的目的。针对这种情况，设计了线性调频多目标信号源。
雷达在兼容单载频体制的前提下，采用了线性调频的脉压体制的工作原理和过程。发射机发射线性调频信号脉冲宽度为25μs，接收到宽脉冲信号压缩成0.3μs的窄脉冲信号后再进行信号处理，既提高了发射机的平均功率，提高了反射式作用距离，又获得了较高的时间-带宽积和良好的距离分辨力，为目标特性测量提供了强有力的技术支持。
线性调频的多目标信号源主要是由弹道产生器、距离延时电路、高频信号源，幅度、方位、俯仰调制器等几个部分组成。单载频模拟信号和线性调频模拟信号，经过功率合成器，一同送入馈线前端，经过接收机的高频系统、中视频系统，就形成了多目标回波。而这些信号由于频率不同，在两路接收机内得到了区分，同时又采用了测距机统一的定时脉冲定时，所以全机可以同步，能够给出正确的距离和误差信号，所以能驱动天线进行正常跟踪，这样就模拟了动态的多目标环境。
According to the shooting range's measuring requirements of the multi-targets environment , this paper illustrates the new radar possesses the ability of tracking multiple targets in a bunch of wave which has applied the pulse_compressed technology. Because the radar dosen't provide the linear-frequency-modulation's analog signals. It can't meet the anticipated result during debugging the radar , mending equipment and eliminating malfunction , and the ability of tracking multi-targets of the radar . So we design the linear-frequency-modulation's multi-target signal source .
The radar containing the single carrier frequency applies the pulse-compressed system . The transmitter transmits linear-frequency-modulation's signals that is equal to 25us . It compresses the received wide pulse signals to 0、 3us narrow pulse signals , then the signal is processed . The above processes are not only improve the average power of the transmittor and the reflecting operating range , but also gain higher time-bandwidth accumulation and better range resolving power , provide efficient technology support to the target characteristic measuring .
The multi-target signal source of the linear-frequency modulation is composed of the missile-contrail forming implement , range delaying-time circuit , high frequency signal source and the modulator of amplitude , azimuth , elevation . The analog signals of the single carrier frequency and the linear-frequency modulation , being together sent to the antenna's forepart by the power combiner and then coming by the HF system , IF and VF system , create the multi-target respondent wave . Since different-frequency singals are differentiated in two-circuited receiver , and the adopts the ranger's united time-pulse timing , the whole radar can achieve synchronization and offer the accurate range and error signals, drives the antenna to tracking normally, Accordingly , the dynamic multi-target environment is simulated by above processes .
雷达在兼容单载频体制的前提下，采用了线性调频的脉压体制的工作原理和过程。发射机发射线性调频信号脉冲宽度为25μs，接收到宽脉冲信号压缩成0.3μs的窄脉冲信号后再进行信号处理，既提高了发射机的平均功率，提高了反射式作用距离，又获得了较高的时间-带宽积和良好的距离分辨力，为目标特性测量提供了强有力的技术支持。
线性调频的多目标信号源主要是由弹道产生器、距离延时电路、高频信号源，幅度、方位、俯仰调制器等几个部分组成。单载频模拟信号和线性调频模拟信号，经过功率合成器，一同送入馈线前端，经过接收机的高频系统、中视频系统，就形成了多目标回波。而这些信号由于频率不同，在两路接收机内得到了区分，同时又采用了测距机统一的定时脉冲定时，所以全机可以同步，能够给出正确的距离和误差信号，所以能驱动天线进行正常跟踪，这样就模拟了动态的多目标环境。
According to the shooting range's measuring requirements of the multi-targets environment , this paper illustrates the new radar possesses the ability of tracking multiple targets in a bunch of wave which has applied the pulse_compressed technology. Because the radar dosen't provide the linear-frequency-modulation's analog signals. It can't meet the anticipated result during debugging the radar , mending equipment and eliminating malfunction , and the ability of tracking multi-targets of the radar . So we design the linear-frequency-modulation's multi-target signal source .
The radar containing the single carrier frequency applies the pulse-compressed system . The transmitter transmits linear-frequency-modulation's signals that is equal to 25us . It compresses the received wide pulse signals to 0、 3us narrow pulse signals , then the signal is processed . The above processes are not only improve the average power of the transmittor and the reflecting operating range , but also gain higher time-bandwidth accumulation and better range resolving power , provide efficient technology support to the target characteristic measuring .
The multi-target signal source of the linear-frequency modulation is composed of the missile-contrail forming implement , range delaying-time circuit , high frequency signal source and the modulator of amplitude , azimuth , elevation . The analog signals of the single carrier frequency and the linear-frequency modulation , being together sent to the antenna's forepart by the power combiner and then coming by the HF system , IF and VF system , create the multi-target respondent wave . Since different-frequency singals are differentiated in two-circuited receiver , and the adopts the ranger's united time-pulse timing , the whole radar can achieve synchronization and offer the accurate range and error signals, drives the antenna to tracking normally, Accordingly , the dynamic multi-target environment is simulated by above processes .
引文
1 丁鹭飞，耿富录．雷达原理，西安：西安电子科技大学出版社，1995
2 向敬成，张明友．雷达系统，北京：电子工业出版社，2000
3 N. Levanon, Radar Principles. John Willey & Sons, Inc., 1988.
4 E. F. nott, J. F. Shaffer, and M. T. Tuley, Radar Cross Section. Artech House, 1993.
5 Daubechies, I., 1990: The wavelet transform time. Frequency localization and signal analysis. IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, 36, 961.1004.
6 Farge , M. , 1992 : Wavelet transform and their applications to turbulence. Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech., 24, 395.457.
7 马晓岩，向家彬．雷达信号处理，长沙：湖南科学技术出版社，1999
8 林茂庸．雷达信号理论，北京：国防工业出版社，1984
9 D. Curtis Schlher. MTI and Pulsed Doppler Radar, Artech House, 1991
10 Takashi Kikuta. Ground Probing Radar System, IEEE AES Magazine, 1990 (2)
11 Samuel Black, Robert Poll. Design and analysis of modern tracking systems, Artech House, 1999
12 D. Curtis Schlher. MTI and Pulsed Doppler Radar, Artech House, 1991
13 Karl Gerlach, G A Andrews. Cascaded Detector for Multipul High-PRF Pulse Doppler Radars, IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, 1990 (4) :754-767
14 G Trunk, S Brockot. Range and Velocity Ambiguity Resolution, The Record of 1993 IEEE International Nadar Conference, 1993 (6) :146-149
15 G Albano, S Cacopardi. Resolution of Velocity Ambiguities for MPRF Frequency Agile Radars, The Record of 1990 IEEE International Radar Conference, 1990 (5) :595-599
16 Sophocles J Orfanidis. lntroduction to Signal Processing, Prentice Hall International, 1996
17 Hong Yi, Ruan Xin-chang. Solving Range Ambiguity and Correcting Expansion of Measure Error for Airborn Pulse Doppler Radar, ICNNSP' 93, 1993 (1) :847-850
18 DR Wehner. High Rescolution Radar, Norwood, MA:Artech House, 1969
19 G S Gill. Frequency Waveform Design and Processing for Detection of Moving Targets, IEEE Radar International Conference, 1995 (6) :573-578
20 Sonali Bagchi. The Nonuniform Discrete Fourier Transform and Its Application in Filter Design, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and System, 1996 (2) :422-433
21 David Barton, Sergey Lenov. Radar technology encyclopedia, Artech House, 1997
22 Samuel Black,Robert Poli. Design and analysis of modern tracking systems,Artech House,1999
23 D.Curtis Schlher.MTI and Pulsed Doppler Radar, Artech House,1991
24 H. Mieras, Optimal polarizations of simple compound targets, 1983, P996-999
25 Takashi Kikuta. Ground Probing Radar System, IEEE AES Magazine, 1990
26 Joshua Wurman. A bistatic multiple-Doppler radar network, J. Appl Meteor,1993 (5) :25-28
27 Hussain M G M. Principles of high-resolution radar based on nonsinusoidal waves,IEEE Trans Electronmagn, 1989 (4) :359-368
28 Jerry L E, Edward K R. Principles of modern radar, Publishing House of Electronics Industry, 1986
29 Merrill I. Skolnik, 雷达手册,北京：电子工业出版社, 2003
30 Hartnet M P, Davis M E. Operations of an airbome bistatic adjunct to space based radar, IEEE Radar conf, 2003 (6) :33-38
31 Boerner W M. Direct and inverse methods in radar polarimetry, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1992
32 Novak L M, Sechtin M B. Studies of target detection algorithms that use polarimetric radar data, IEEE AES, 1999 (2) :150-164
33 Levent Sevgi, Anthony. An integrated system based on high-frequency radars, IEEE Antennas and Propagation Maganize, 2001 (1) :28-43
34 Brton D.K,Cook C. E. Radar Evaluation HandBook,Artech House,1990
35 Przemienic J. S. Radar Electronic Warfare, AIAA Education Series,1987
36 G S Gill. Frequency Waveform Design and Processing for Detection of Moving Targets, IEEE Radar International Conference, 1995 (2)
37 Sonali Bagchi.The Nonuniform Discrete Fourier Transform and Its Application in Filter Design, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and System, 1996 (1) :422-433
38 Samuel Black, Robert Poli. Design and analysis of modern tracking systems, Artech House,1999
39 D.Curtis Schlher. MTI and Pulsed Doppler Radar, Artech House, 1991
40 Takashi Kikuta. Ground Probing Radar System, IEEE AES Magazine, 1990 (2)
2 向敬成，张明友．雷达系统，北京：电子工业出版社，2000
3 N. Levanon, Radar Principles. John Willey & Sons, Inc., 1988.
4 E. F. nott, J. F. Shaffer, and M. T. Tuley, Radar Cross Section. Artech House, 1993.
5 Daubechies, I., 1990: The wavelet transform time. Frequency localization and signal analysis. IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, 36, 961.1004.
6 Farge , M. , 1992 : Wavelet transform and their applications to turbulence. Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech., 24, 395.457.
7 马晓岩，向家彬．雷达信号处理，长沙：湖南科学技术出版社，1999
8 林茂庸．雷达信号理论，北京：国防工业出版社，1984
9 D. Curtis Schlher. MTI and Pulsed Doppler Radar, Artech House, 1991
10 Takashi Kikuta. Ground Probing Radar System, IEEE AES Magazine, 1990 (2)
11 Samuel Black, Robert Poll. Design and analysis of modern tracking systems, Artech House, 1999
12 D. Curtis Schlher. MTI and Pulsed Doppler Radar, Artech House, 1991
13 Karl Gerlach, G A Andrews. Cascaded Detector for Multipul High-PRF Pulse Doppler Radars, IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, 1990 (4) :754-767
14 G Trunk, S Brockot. Range and Velocity Ambiguity Resolution, The Record of 1993 IEEE International Nadar Conference, 1993 (6) :146-149
15 G Albano, S Cacopardi. Resolution of Velocity Ambiguities for MPRF Frequency Agile Radars, The Record of 1990 IEEE International Radar Conference, 1990 (5) :595-599
16 Sophocles J Orfanidis. lntroduction to Signal Processing, Prentice Hall International, 1996
17 Hong Yi, Ruan Xin-chang. Solving Range Ambiguity and Correcting Expansion of Measure Error for Airborn Pulse Doppler Radar, ICNNSP' 93, 1993 (1) :847-850
18 DR Wehner. High Rescolution Radar, Norwood, MA:Artech House, 1969
19 G S Gill. Frequency Waveform Design and Processing for Detection of Moving Targets, IEEE Radar International Conference, 1995 (6) :573-578
20 Sonali Bagchi. The Nonuniform Discrete Fourier Transform and Its Application in Filter Design, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and System, 1996 (2) :422-433
21 David Barton, Sergey Lenov. Radar technology encyclopedia, Artech House, 1997
22 Samuel Black,Robert Poli. Design and analysis of modern tracking systems,Artech House,1999
23 D.Curtis Schlher.MTI and Pulsed Doppler Radar, Artech House,1991
24 H. Mieras, Optimal polarizations of simple compound targets, 1983, P996-999
25 Takashi Kikuta. Ground Probing Radar System, IEEE AES Magazine, 1990
26 Joshua Wurman. A bistatic multiple-Doppler radar network, J. Appl Meteor,1993 (5) :25-28
27 Hussain M G M. Principles of high-resolution radar based on nonsinusoidal waves,IEEE Trans Electronmagn, 1989 (4) :359-368
28 Jerry L E, Edward K R. Principles of modern radar, Publishing House of Electronics Industry, 1986
29 Merrill I. Skolnik, 雷达手册,北京：电子工业出版社, 2003
30 Hartnet M P, Davis M E. Operations of an airbome bistatic adjunct to space based radar, IEEE Radar conf, 2003 (6) :33-38
31 Boerner W M. Direct and inverse methods in radar polarimetry, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1992
32 Novak L M, Sechtin M B. Studies of target detection algorithms that use polarimetric radar data, IEEE AES, 1999 (2) :150-164
33 Levent Sevgi, Anthony. An integrated system based on high-frequency radars, IEEE Antennas and Propagation Maganize, 2001 (1) :28-43
34 Brton D.K,Cook C. E. Radar Evaluation HandBook,Artech House,1990
35 Przemienic J. S. Radar Electronic Warfare, AIAA Education Series,1987
36 G S Gill. Frequency Waveform Design and Processing for Detection of Moving Targets, IEEE Radar International Conference, 1995 (2)
37 Sonali Bagchi.The Nonuniform Discrete Fourier Transform and Its Application in Filter Design, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and System, 1996 (1) :422-433
38 Samuel Black, Robert Poli. Design and analysis of modern tracking systems, Artech House,1999
39 D.Curtis Schlher. MTI and Pulsed Doppler Radar, Artech House, 1991
40 Takashi Kikuta. Ground Probing Radar System, IEEE AES Magazine, 1990 (2)