剖分变径带式CVT的性能仿真研究
摘要
无级变速器,作为汽车动力传动系统的主要部分,一直以来,都是人们追求的终极目标。无级变速器控制系统对整车性能起到了关键的作用,目前带式无级变速器控制系统较复杂而且价格较高,因此本文提出了一种低成本的适用于剖分变径带式CVT的机械控制方法,并通过相关软件对其性能进行仿真研究。
本文介绍了剖分变径带式CVT的工作原理,分析计算了其主要结构参数。在Matlab/Simulink环境中,建立了剖分变径带式CVT控制系统模型、发动机模型和整车模型。采用PID控制策略以控制电机转矩,从而控制杠杆执行机构,改变主从动带轮的半径,实现传动比的精确控制。对剖分变径带式CVT控制系统进行了仿真,分析了该CVT不同结构参数对控制系统的影响,并对各参数进行了验证和必要的修正。
由发动机模型、剖分变径带式CVT模型、简化的电机模型和整车纵向动力学模型的讨论,建立了整车的Matlab/Simulink仿真模型。整车模型在不同的工况下行驶时,对其进行了动力性和经济性仿真分析,研究了换挡规律及控制策略,总结出车速、耗油量等变化规律,并评价了剖分变径带式CVT对整车动力性和经济性的影响。本文研究达到了预期的目标,为剖分变径带式CVT的进一步研究奠定了基础。
CVT, as the main part of the vehicle powertrain, has always been the people's the ultimate goal. CVT control system plays an important role in vehicle performance, CVT control system is complex and expensive at present, so the paper advanced a low-cost mechanical control method for split variable diameter belt CVT and studied it's performance by related software.
Introduced the operational principle on the split variable diameter belt CVT, analyzed and calculated its main parameters. In Matlab / Simulink environment, established the CVT control system model, engine model and vehicle model. PID control strategy was used to control motor torque, in order to control lever actuator to change the radius of driving and driven pulley, then achieve precise control of transmission ratio. When simulated the CVT control system, analyzed the effects to control system for different structure parameters, then validated and amended necessarily the parameters.
By discussion of the engine model, split variable diameter belt CVT model, a simplified motor model and vehicle longitudinal dynamics model, established the vehicle of Matlab / Simulink simulation model.When vehicle model driving at different conditions, the economy and dynamic simulation analysis, studied shift schedule and control strategies, summed up the speed, fuel consumption and other changes rules, and evaluated the effects of the split variable diameter belt CVT on the vehicle dynamic and economy performance. In this paper, achieved the desired objectives for split variable diameter belt CVT and laid the foundation for further study.
本文介绍了剖分变径带式CVT的工作原理,分析计算了其主要结构参数。在Matlab/Simulink环境中,建立了剖分变径带式CVT控制系统模型、发动机模型和整车模型。采用PID控制策略以控制电机转矩,从而控制杠杆执行机构,改变主从动带轮的半径,实现传动比的精确控制。对剖分变径带式CVT控制系统进行了仿真,分析了该CVT不同结构参数对控制系统的影响,并对各参数进行了验证和必要的修正。
由发动机模型、剖分变径带式CVT模型、简化的电机模型和整车纵向动力学模型的讨论,建立了整车的Matlab/Simulink仿真模型。整车模型在不同的工况下行驶时,对其进行了动力性和经济性仿真分析,研究了换挡规律及控制策略,总结出车速、耗油量等变化规律,并评价了剖分变径带式CVT对整车动力性和经济性的影响。本文研究达到了预期的目标,为剖分变径带式CVT的进一步研究奠定了基础。
CVT, as the main part of the vehicle powertrain, has always been the people's the ultimate goal. CVT control system plays an important role in vehicle performance, CVT control system is complex and expensive at present, so the paper advanced a low-cost mechanical control method for split variable diameter belt CVT and studied it's performance by related software.
Introduced the operational principle on the split variable diameter belt CVT, analyzed and calculated its main parameters. In Matlab / Simulink environment, established the CVT control system model, engine model and vehicle model. PID control strategy was used to control motor torque, in order to control lever actuator to change the radius of driving and driven pulley, then achieve precise control of transmission ratio. When simulated the CVT control system, analyzed the effects to control system for different structure parameters, then validated and amended necessarily the parameters.
By discussion of the engine model, split variable diameter belt CVT model, a simplified motor model and vehicle longitudinal dynamics model, established the vehicle of Matlab / Simulink simulation model.When vehicle model driving at different conditions, the economy and dynamic simulation analysis, studied shift schedule and control strategies, summed up the speed, fuel consumption and other changes rules, and evaluated the effects of the split variable diameter belt CVT on the vehicle dynamic and economy performance. In this paper, achieved the desired objectives for split variable diameter belt CVT and laid the foundation for further study.
引文
[1]周云山,于秀敏.汽车电控系统理论与设计[M].北京理工大学出版社,1999,224-283.
[2]冯樱,罗永革,何小春等.CVT无级变速器的发展综述[J].湖北汽车工业学院学报,1999,13(4)：10-14.
[3]柳晋伟,任家骏,吴凤林.无级变速器的简介与发展[J].机械管理开发,2005,3.
[4]石启军.汽车无级变速器简介[J].中国科技信息,2009(7)：117-118.
[5]王幼民,唐铃凤.金属带式无级变速器的研究综述[J].机械传动,2007,31(6)：95-99.
[6]Fujii T, Kurokawa Tkanehara S. A study on a metal pushing V-belt type CVT-part 1:realation between transmitted torqe and pulley thrust [C]. SAE Tech. Paper Series,930666,1993.
[7]Fujii T, Kurokawa Tkanehara S. A study on a metal pushing V-belt type CVT-part 2: compression force between metal blocks and ring tesion [C]. SAE Tech. Paper Series, 950667,1993.
[8]Fujii T, Kurokawa Tkanehara S. A study on a metal pushing V-belt type CVT-part 3:what force act on metal blocks? [J]. SAE Tech. Paper Series,950671,1955.
[9]Fujii T, Kurokawa Tkanehara S. A study on a metal pushing V-belt type CVT-part 4:forces act on metal blocks when the speed radio is changing[C]. SAE Tech. Paper Series,950671, 1955.
[10]郭翼超,何维廉,黄宏成.金属带式CVT的钢带轴向偏移分析[J].传动技术,2001(4)：43-47.
[11]杨亚联,秦大同,王红岩.CVT无级变速传动钢带轴向偏移分析[J].重庆大学学报(自然科学版),1999,22(6)：1-7.
[12]T.Miyazawa, K.Nonaka, Study on transmiting mechanisms for CVT using a dry hybrid V-belt:-numerical simulation of transmitting forces and pulley thrusts at steady and transitional states, JSAE Review 20(1)(1999):61-66.
[13]Y.Fushimi, K.Nishimura, T.Fujii, Study on Transmitting Mechanisms for CVT using Block Type V-Belts:Analysis of Forces Acting on a Belt and Pulley thrusts at Transitional States,1995.
[14]程乃士.汽车金属带式无级变速器—CVT原理和设计[M].机械工业出版社,2008：16-31.
[15]郝石磊.新型CVT无级变速器动力传递机构的设计[J].湖北汽车工业学院学报,2007,21(4)：78-80.
[16]马忠驰.剖分径向变径式CVT的力学建模及特性分析[D].硕士学位论文,武汉科技大学,2009.5.
[17]杨翔宇,谢明,廖林清.带式无级变速器传动比及其机构设计研究[J].中国机械工程, 2007(10)：1147-1200.
[18]T.F.CHEN, D.W..LEE and C.K.SUNG. An experimental study on transmission efficiency of a rubber V-belt CVT[J]. Mech. Mach. Theory Vol.33, No.4, (1998):351-363.
[19]濮良贵,纪名刚.机械设计[M].高等教育出版社,2000：140-160.
[20]H.Machida, H.Itoh, T.Imanishi. Design principle of High power Traction Drive CVT [J]. Drive System Technique,2001 (2):23-31.
[21]Wiercigroch M. Chaotic vibrations of a simple model of the machine tool-cutting process system[J]. Journal of Vibration and Acoustics,1977,23:1-10.
[22]Li Xibing, Summers D A, Rupert G.. Experimental investigation on the breakage of hard rock by the PDC cutters with combined action modes[J]. Tunneling and Underground Space Technology,2001,16:107-114.
[23]Li Xibing, Summers D A, Rupert G. Investigation into the penetration and impact resistance of PDC cutters inclined at different attack angles[J]. Translation of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2001,10(2):342-346.
[24]Marshall D B. Measurement of dynamic hardness by controlled sharp-projectile impact effects in elastic/plastic indentation[J]. Amer. Ceram. Soc.,1984,67(1):580-585.
[25]张柏英.金属带式无级变速传动机理与控制的研究.博士学位论文[D].吉林工业大学,2002,2-72.
[26]关平.金属带式无级变速器汽车建模与性能评价[D].硕士学位论文,湖南大学,2007.2
[27]胡建军.汽车无级变速传动系统建模、仿真及其匹配控制策略研究[D].博士学位论文,重庆大学,2001.10.
[28]郭彦颖,刘明树,周云山,孙中辉.CVT轿车发动机建模及PID速比控制器设计[J].汽车技术,2007(7)
[29]杨翔宇,谢明,廖林清.带式无级变速器传动比及其机构设计研究[J].中国机械工程,2007(10)：1147-1200.
[30]Lingyuan Kong, Robert G. Parker Steady mechanics of layered, multi-band belt drives used in continuously variable transmissions (CVT). Mechanism and Machine Theory, 2008,(43),171-185.
[31]熊新,王玮玲.汽车无级变速器液压系统的建模与分析[J].机床与液压,2008(2)：83-85.
[32]文明,黄妙华.无级变速器PID逮比控制器设计[J].北京汽车,2009(2)：13-16.
[33]范大鹏,吴光强.无级变速器速比控制仿真研究[J].计算机仿真,2008,25(11)：266-269.
[34]阚萍,徐飞,钱立军.无级变速器的控制方式研究[J].合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版),2009,32(5)：628-631.
[35]邹乃威,王庆年,等.金属带式CVT速比的改进PID控制[J].湖南大学学报(自然科 学版),2008,35(8)：29-33.
[36]席新明.Matlab在发动机性能试验数据处理中的应用[J].西北农业学报,2002,11(3)：138-142.
[37]余志生.汽车理论[M].机械工业出版社,2005：1-41.
[38]林治楠.金属带式无级变速轿车的动态建模与性能仿真[D].硕士学位论文,哈尔滨理工大学,2007.4.
[39]A study on the layout and ratio change characteristics of a dual-cavity half-toroidal CVT. Jsae Review 22,2001.
[40]于涛,葛蕴珊.汽车整车性能模拟研究[J].车辆与动力技术,2001(2)：15-18.
[41]Wenbo Wang. Dynamic powertrain system modeling and simulation with applications for diagnostics, design and control. For the degree of doctor of philosophy, the university of Wisconsin-Madison.2000,6.
[42]Sambit Sahu, Victor Firoiu, etc. Traffic models and admission control for variable bit rate continuous media transmission with deterministic service[J]. Performance Evaluation, 2000(40):115-133.
[43]An experimental study on transmission efficiency of a rubber v-belt cvt. Mech. Mach. theory vol.33, no.4,1998.
[43]陈家瑞.汽车构造(上)[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2005：109-110.
[44]林治楠.金属带式无级变速轿车的动态建模与性能仿真[D].硕士学位论文,哈尔滨理工大学,2007.4.
[45]谢先平.汽车无级变速传动系统建模与控制策略仿真研究[D].硕士学位论文,哈尔滨理工大学,2005.3.
[46]李颖,朱伯立,张威.Simulink动态系统建模与仿真基础[M].西安电子科技大学出版社,2004.
[47]王沫然.Simulink建模及动态仿真[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2002.
[48]张青.机械式无级变速传动匹配理论及在轿车上的应用研究[D].硕士学位论文,重庆大学,2001.5.
[2]冯樱,罗永革,何小春等.CVT无级变速器的发展综述[J].湖北汽车工业学院学报,1999,13(4)：10-14.
[3]柳晋伟,任家骏,吴凤林.无级变速器的简介与发展[J].机械管理开发,2005,3.
[4]石启军.汽车无级变速器简介[J].中国科技信息,2009(7)：117-118.
[5]王幼民,唐铃凤.金属带式无级变速器的研究综述[J].机械传动,2007,31(6)：95-99.
[6]Fujii T, Kurokawa Tkanehara S. A study on a metal pushing V-belt type CVT-part 1:realation between transmitted torqe and pulley thrust [C]. SAE Tech. Paper Series,930666,1993.
[7]Fujii T, Kurokawa Tkanehara S. A study on a metal pushing V-belt type CVT-part 2: compression force between metal blocks and ring tesion [C]. SAE Tech. Paper Series, 950667,1993.
[8]Fujii T, Kurokawa Tkanehara S. A study on a metal pushing V-belt type CVT-part 3:what force act on metal blocks? [J]. SAE Tech. Paper Series,950671,1955.
[9]Fujii T, Kurokawa Tkanehara S. A study on a metal pushing V-belt type CVT-part 4:forces act on metal blocks when the speed radio is changing[C]. SAE Tech. Paper Series,950671, 1955.
[10]郭翼超,何维廉,黄宏成.金属带式CVT的钢带轴向偏移分析[J].传动技术,2001(4)：43-47.
[11]杨亚联,秦大同,王红岩.CVT无级变速传动钢带轴向偏移分析[J].重庆大学学报(自然科学版),1999,22(6)：1-7.
[12]T.Miyazawa, K.Nonaka, Study on transmiting mechanisms for CVT using a dry hybrid V-belt:-numerical simulation of transmitting forces and pulley thrusts at steady and transitional states, JSAE Review 20(1)(1999):61-66.
[13]Y.Fushimi, K.Nishimura, T.Fujii, Study on Transmitting Mechanisms for CVT using Block Type V-Belts:Analysis of Forces Acting on a Belt and Pulley thrusts at Transitional States,1995.
[14]程乃士.汽车金属带式无级变速器—CVT原理和设计[M].机械工业出版社,2008：16-31.
[15]郝石磊.新型CVT无级变速器动力传递机构的设计[J].湖北汽车工业学院学报,2007,21(4)：78-80.
[16]马忠驰.剖分径向变径式CVT的力学建模及特性分析[D].硕士学位论文,武汉科技大学,2009.5.
[17]杨翔宇,谢明,廖林清.带式无级变速器传动比及其机构设计研究[J].中国机械工程, 2007(10)：1147-1200.
[18]T.F.CHEN, D.W..LEE and C.K.SUNG. An experimental study on transmission efficiency of a rubber V-belt CVT[J]. Mech. Mach. Theory Vol.33, No.4, (1998):351-363.
[19]濮良贵,纪名刚.机械设计[M].高等教育出版社,2000：140-160.
[20]H.Machida, H.Itoh, T.Imanishi. Design principle of High power Traction Drive CVT [J]. Drive System Technique,2001 (2):23-31.
[21]Wiercigroch M. Chaotic vibrations of a simple model of the machine tool-cutting process system[J]. Journal of Vibration and Acoustics,1977,23:1-10.
[22]Li Xibing, Summers D A, Rupert G.. Experimental investigation on the breakage of hard rock by the PDC cutters with combined action modes[J]. Tunneling and Underground Space Technology,2001,16:107-114.
[23]Li Xibing, Summers D A, Rupert G. Investigation into the penetration and impact resistance of PDC cutters inclined at different attack angles[J]. Translation of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2001,10(2):342-346.
[24]Marshall D B. Measurement of dynamic hardness by controlled sharp-projectile impact effects in elastic/plastic indentation[J]. Amer. Ceram. Soc.,1984,67(1):580-585.
[25]张柏英.金属带式无级变速传动机理与控制的研究.博士学位论文[D].吉林工业大学,2002,2-72.
[26]关平.金属带式无级变速器汽车建模与性能评价[D].硕士学位论文,湖南大学,2007.2
[27]胡建军.汽车无级变速传动系统建模、仿真及其匹配控制策略研究[D].博士学位论文,重庆大学,2001.10.
[28]郭彦颖,刘明树,周云山,孙中辉.CVT轿车发动机建模及PID速比控制器设计[J].汽车技术,2007(7)
[29]杨翔宇,谢明,廖林清.带式无级变速器传动比及其机构设计研究[J].中国机械工程,2007(10)：1147-1200.
[30]Lingyuan Kong, Robert G. Parker Steady mechanics of layered, multi-band belt drives used in continuously variable transmissions (CVT). Mechanism and Machine Theory, 2008,(43),171-185.
[31]熊新,王玮玲.汽车无级变速器液压系统的建模与分析[J].机床与液压,2008(2)：83-85.
[32]文明,黄妙华.无级变速器PID逮比控制器设计[J].北京汽车,2009(2)：13-16.
[33]范大鹏,吴光强.无级变速器速比控制仿真研究[J].计算机仿真,2008,25(11)：266-269.
[34]阚萍,徐飞,钱立军.无级变速器的控制方式研究[J].合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版),2009,32(5)：628-631.
[35]邹乃威,王庆年,等.金属带式CVT速比的改进PID控制[J].湖南大学学报(自然科 学版),2008,35(8)：29-33.
[36]席新明.Matlab在发动机性能试验数据处理中的应用[J].西北农业学报,2002,11(3)：138-142.
[37]余志生.汽车理论[M].机械工业出版社,2005：1-41.
[38]林治楠.金属带式无级变速轿车的动态建模与性能仿真[D].硕士学位论文,哈尔滨理工大学,2007.4.
[39]A study on the layout and ratio change characteristics of a dual-cavity half-toroidal CVT. Jsae Review 22,2001.
[40]于涛,葛蕴珊.汽车整车性能模拟研究[J].车辆与动力技术,2001(2)：15-18.
[41]Wenbo Wang. Dynamic powertrain system modeling and simulation with applications for diagnostics, design and control. For the degree of doctor of philosophy, the university of Wisconsin-Madison.2000,6.
[42]Sambit Sahu, Victor Firoiu, etc. Traffic models and admission control for variable bit rate continuous media transmission with deterministic service[J]. Performance Evaluation, 2000(40):115-133.
[43]An experimental study on transmission efficiency of a rubber v-belt cvt. Mech. Mach. theory vol.33, no.4,1998.
[43]陈家瑞.汽车构造(上)[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2005：109-110.
[44]林治楠.金属带式无级变速轿车的动态建模与性能仿真[D].硕士学位论文,哈尔滨理工大学,2007.4.
[45]谢先平.汽车无级变速传动系统建模与控制策略仿真研究[D].硕士学位论文,哈尔滨理工大学,2005.3.
[46]李颖,朱伯立,张威.Simulink动态系统建模与仿真基础[M].西安电子科技大学出版社,2004.
[47]王沫然.Simulink建模及动态仿真[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2002.
[48]张青.机械式无级变速传动匹配理论及在轿车上的应用研究[D].硕士学位论文,重庆大学,2001.5.