永州地区规模化猪场猪链球菌病控制研究
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摘要
本实验对张家界野生动物交易市场收缴的63条野生蛇、32只竹根鼠和19只獾猪采取完全剖检法,对收集到的虫体进行固定、染色、镜检,寄生虫感染率及感染强度,感染的寄生虫种类如下:
1.寄生虫的感染率
在解剖的17条五步蛇,21条乌梢蛇和25条的菜花蛇中分别获得线虫167条、223条和266条线虫,总数达656条,均寄生于野生动物胃和肝脏的表面。以上三种蛇的寄生虫感染率分别为58.82%(10/17)、61.90%(13/21)、60.O%(15/25),总感染率达60.32%(38/63)。
在调查的19只野生獾猪中共采集到727条线虫和2条绦虫。线虫和绦虫都寄生于胃或肠道黏膜内。野生獾猪的线虫感染率为63.16%(12/19),绦虫感染率为5.26%(1/19),总感染率为63.16%(12/19)。
在解剖的32只野生竹根鼠中收集到的虫体总数达567条,寄生虫的寄生部位大多分布在盲肠、结肠。野生竹根鼠线虫的感染率为75%。
2.寄生虫感染强度
在调查中的3种野生动物中寄生虫的感染强度分布不均匀,野生獾猪中寄生虫的感染强度最大,其中感染强度最大(感染寄生虫数量在60条以上的)的獾猪头数占獾猪总数的31.58%,并且感染的寄生虫数量从60-160不等,最多的一头獾猪中寄生的寄生虫条数有160条。而野生竹根鼠中寄生虫条数在20-40之间的比例占21%。野生蛇体内寄生的寄生虫条数在10-20之间的动物数占34.92%。
3.感染寄生虫虫体种类及感染率
经过虫体固定、制片染色、镜检,在3种野生动物中感染的寄生虫是蛔虫、类圆线虫,颚口线虫,曼氏迭宫绦虫。野生蛇、竹根鼠和獾猪三者的蛔虫感染率分别为:25.40%(16/63)、18.75%(6/32)和63.16%(12/19);类圆线虫感染率分别为:27.0%(17/63)、34.38%(11/32)和42.11%(8/19);颚口线虫感染率分别为:28.57%(18/63)、65.63%(21/32)和21.05%(4/19)。曼氏迭宫绦虫在獾猪中的感染率为5.26%(1/19)。
In order to investigate on the parasite infection situation in Zhangjiajie during 2005,3 to 2007,6,63 wild snakes,32 wild Rnizomyssinehsises and 19 wild badgers were disseced.The gathering parasite were made section,stained The results showed that:
1.Infection rate of parasite in wild animal
The infection rate of parasite in Hundred pace snake,black snake,caihua snake were 58.82%(10/17)、61.90%(13/21)、60.0%(15/25)respectively.The infection rate of parasite in all snakes were 60.32%(38/63).The nemathelminth parasited on the wild snake' gastric wall and the surface of liver.
The infection rate of parasite in wild badger were 63.16%(12/19).Infection rate of Nematoda and cestode in wild badger were 63.16%(12/19),5.26%(l/19)respectively The nemathelminth parasited on the wild badger'stomach and intestinal tract.The cestode parasited on the wild badger' intestinal tract.
The infection rate of parasite in wild rnizomyssinehsis in Zhangjiajie 75%.The nemathelminth parasited on the wild rnizomyssinehsis' intestinal tract.
2.The EPG of parasite
The EPG of parasite in wild badger was more Severity.The rate of above 60 were 31.58%,The number of parasite on a wild badger was 160.
The EPG of parasite in wild snake was 34.92%,the number of parasite on a wild snake were 10-20.
The EPG of parasite in wild rnizomyssinehsis was 75%,the number of parasite on a wild snake were 20-40.
3.The specis of parasite in wild snakes,wild rnizomyssinehsises and wild badgers.
The species in wild snakes,wild rnizomyssinehsises and wild badgers were ascarides,strongyloides,ancylostomatidae and Spirometra mansoni.The infection rate of ascarides in wildlife were respectively 25.40%(16/63),18.75%(6/32)and 63.16% (12/19);The infection rate of strongyloides were respectively 27 0%(17/63),34.38% (11/32)and 42.11%(8/19);And the infection rate of ancylostomatidae were respectively 28.57%(18/63),65.63%(21/32)and 21.05%(4/19).The infection rate of Spirometra mansoni in wild badgers was 5.26%(1/19).The infection rate of ascarides(63.16%)and that of strongyloides(42.11%)were both the highest in the wild badgers among,while the infection rate of ancylostomatidae was the highest in the wild rnizomyssinehsises.
The four isolates selected have good immunogenicity.for inactivated vaccine made using these isolates showed a protection rate of 99.15%,which could prevent the native pig farm from swine streptococosis effectively and demonstrated its practical importance.
1.寄生虫的感染率
在解剖的17条五步蛇,21条乌梢蛇和25条的菜花蛇中分别获得线虫167条、223条和266条线虫,总数达656条,均寄生于野生动物胃和肝脏的表面。以上三种蛇的寄生虫感染率分别为58.82%(10/17)、61.90%(13/21)、60.O%(15/25),总感染率达60.32%(38/63)。
在调查的19只野生獾猪中共采集到727条线虫和2条绦虫。线虫和绦虫都寄生于胃或肠道黏膜内。野生獾猪的线虫感染率为63.16%(12/19),绦虫感染率为5.26%(1/19),总感染率为63.16%(12/19)。
在解剖的32只野生竹根鼠中收集到的虫体总数达567条,寄生虫的寄生部位大多分布在盲肠、结肠。野生竹根鼠线虫的感染率为75%。
2.寄生虫感染强度
在调查中的3种野生动物中寄生虫的感染强度分布不均匀,野生獾猪中寄生虫的感染强度最大,其中感染强度最大(感染寄生虫数量在60条以上的)的獾猪头数占獾猪总数的31.58%,并且感染的寄生虫数量从60-160不等,最多的一头獾猪中寄生的寄生虫条数有160条。而野生竹根鼠中寄生虫条数在20-40之间的比例占21%。野生蛇体内寄生的寄生虫条数在10-20之间的动物数占34.92%。
3.感染寄生虫虫体种类及感染率
经过虫体固定、制片染色、镜检,在3种野生动物中感染的寄生虫是蛔虫、类圆线虫,颚口线虫,曼氏迭宫绦虫。野生蛇、竹根鼠和獾猪三者的蛔虫感染率分别为:25.40%(16/63)、18.75%(6/32)和63.16%(12/19);类圆线虫感染率分别为:27.0%(17/63)、34.38%(11/32)和42.11%(8/19);颚口线虫感染率分别为:28.57%(18/63)、65.63%(21/32)和21.05%(4/19)。曼氏迭宫绦虫在獾猪中的感染率为5.26%(1/19)。
In order to investigate on the parasite infection situation in Zhangjiajie during 2005,3 to 2007,6,63 wild snakes,32 wild Rnizomyssinehsises and 19 wild badgers were disseced.The gathering parasite were made section,stained The results showed that:
1.Infection rate of parasite in wild animal
The infection rate of parasite in Hundred pace snake,black snake,caihua snake were 58.82%(10/17)、61.90%(13/21)、60.0%(15/25)respectively.The infection rate of parasite in all snakes were 60.32%(38/63).The nemathelminth parasited on the wild snake' gastric wall and the surface of liver.
The infection rate of parasite in wild badger were 63.16%(12/19).Infection rate of Nematoda and cestode in wild badger were 63.16%(12/19),5.26%(l/19)respectively The nemathelminth parasited on the wild badger'stomach and intestinal tract.The cestode parasited on the wild badger' intestinal tract.
The infection rate of parasite in wild rnizomyssinehsis in Zhangjiajie 75%.The nemathelminth parasited on the wild rnizomyssinehsis' intestinal tract.
2.The EPG of parasite
The EPG of parasite in wild badger was more Severity.The rate of above 60 were 31.58%,The number of parasite on a wild badger was 160.
The EPG of parasite in wild snake was 34.92%,the number of parasite on a wild snake were 10-20.
The EPG of parasite in wild rnizomyssinehsis was 75%,the number of parasite on a wild snake were 20-40.
3.The specis of parasite in wild snakes,wild rnizomyssinehsises and wild badgers.
The species in wild snakes,wild rnizomyssinehsises and wild badgers were ascarides,strongyloides,ancylostomatidae and Spirometra mansoni.The infection rate of ascarides in wildlife were respectively 25.40%(16/63),18.75%(6/32)and 63.16% (12/19);The infection rate of strongyloides were respectively 27 0%(17/63),34.38% (11/32)and 42.11%(8/19);And the infection rate of ancylostomatidae were respectively 28.57%(18/63),65.63%(21/32)and 21.05%(4/19).The infection rate of Spirometra mansoni in wild badgers was 5.26%(1/19).The infection rate of ascarides(63.16%)and that of strongyloides(42.11%)were both the highest in the wild badgers among,while the infection rate of ancylostomatidae was the highest in the wild rnizomyssinehsises.
The four isolates selected have good immunogenicity.for inactivated vaccine made using these isolates showed a protection rate of 99.15%,which could prevent the native pig farm from swine streptococosis effectively and demonstrated its practical importance.
引文
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[2]李军.猪链球菌病研究进展[J].动物医学进展,2005,25(3):31-33
[3]Vecht U,Wisselink H J,Jellem a M L,et al.Identification of two proteins associated with virulence of Streptococcus suis type 2[J].Infectimmune,1991,59:3156-3162.
[4]Charland N,Harel J,Kobisch M,et al.StreptocOccussuis serotype 2 mutants deficient in capsular expression[J].Microbiology,1998,144:325-332.
[5]Smith H E,Darmman M,van der Velde J et al.Identification and characterization of the cps locus of Streptococcus auis serotype 2:the capsule protects against phagocytosis and is an important virulence factor[J].Infecr Immun.1999.67(4):1750-1756.
[6]陈国强,姚火春,陆承平.猪链球菌溶血索的产生条件及其特性分析[J].南京农业的大学学报,2000,23(3):71-75
[7]Straw BE,Allaire SD',Mengeling WL,Taylor DJ(Eds).Diseases of Swine.Inwa StateUniversity press,Ames.8th edition.1999,563-570
[8]蔡宝祥,家畜传染病学(第2版)[M].北京:农业出版社,1991,186-190.
[9]陈耀春.中国动物疫病志[M].北京:科技出版社,1993:230-233.
[10]Gottschalk M,Segura M.The pathogenesis of the meningitis caused by Streptococcus suis:the unresolved questions.Veterinary Microbiology 2000,76:259-272.
[11]范荣俊,吴海萍.猪败血性链球菌病的诊断和防治[J].中国兽医杂志,2001,37(11):40-41.
[12]Reams,R,Y.;Glickman,L.T.;Harrington,D.D.;Thacker,H.L.;andBowersock,T.L.1994 streptococcus suis infection in swine.A retrospective studay of 256 cases.Part 2 clinical signs gross and mincroscopic lesions,and coexisting microorganisms,J Vet diagn Invest 6:326-334.
[13]王继春,何孔旺,何家惠等,猪链球菌2型动物致病性研究[J].中国兽医科技,2001,31(8).27-29.
[14]王付民.头孢噻呋的药效学研究.2003,硕士论文.
[15]陆承平.兽医微生物(第三版)[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2001.
[16]姚火春,陈国强,陆承平.猪链球菌1998分离株病原特性鉴定[J].南京农业大学学报,1999,22(2):67-70.
[17]陈国强,陆承平.猪链球菌2型溶血素的提纯及其生物学特性[J].中国人兽共患病杂志,2001,17(5):75-77.
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