商丘地区猪瘟免疫状况调查及免疫防制对策研究
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摘要
本文对商丘地区猪瘟的流行病学、病原学和免疫情况进行了系统的调查研究和分析。在此基础上,对影响猪瘟免疫效果的关键因素包括疫苗类型、生产厂家及免疫程序等进行了较深入的研究,并结合当地实际情况制定了猪瘟防制措施。研究结果表明,在不同种类的养猪场(户)当中,猪瘟的发病率不同,散养户的猪瘟发病率最高,约为55.3%,其次为小型规模养殖户,约为34.4%,大型规模化养殖场发病率最低,约为12.5%;猪瘟可以感染处于任何一个生长阶段的猪,但断奶仔猪的发病率最高,达42.95%。经血清学调查表明,母猪的抗体水平最高,大型猪场免疫合格率达到89.17%,断奶仔猪和育肥猪抗体水平较低,中小型猪场免疫合格率分别为73%和68.84%。不同的猪瘟免疫程序对猪场猪瘟预防效果不同,适当的超前免疫对猪瘟的预防效果好于常规免疫,猪瘟抗体监测是猪瘟免疫效果优劣的关键,对实行定期猪群抗体监测是解决目前猪瘟流行的一个重要技术环节,通过监测,随时掌握猪群免疫状态,避免母源抗体的干扰,缩短免疫空白期,确定最佳的时间;疫苗的质量对猪瘟的免疫效果影响较大,不同厂家,不同类型的猪瘟疫苗产生的抗体水平差异较大。实施超前免疫和使用高质量的疫苗,同时配合严格的生物安全措施是防制猪瘟的重要对策,经在当地推广应用,对猪瘟的防制取得了理想的效果。
Based on the investigations and analysis of the epidemiology and immunity status against of Hog Cholera, in pig herds,the key factors including the vaccine source, manufacturer and immunization program, which affect the immune effects were studied. The measures on preventing Classical Swine Fever in Shangqiu area were drawed up and applied. The results showed that the incidence of Classical Swine Fever in Shangqiu was different in different scale, hogpen and phases. The incidence of Classical Swine Fever was 55.3%,34.4% and 12.5% respectively in scatter-feed, small scale and large scale hogpen, but it was were the highest in the weaned piglets reached 42.95%. The qualified rate of Classical Swine Fever immunity status was different in different growth phases. Different immunization program can provide different protection effect,and the ultra pre-immunization was better than other classical immunization program. Immunization surveillance was important to assess the immunization effect and determine the correct and timely immunization. Ultra pre-immunized of classical swine fever with high-quality vaccine, together with strict biosecurity measures was also important and correct countermeasure to preventing from Classical Swine Fever. After being widely used in the area, idealeffect is obtained.
Based on the investigations and analysis of the epidemiology and immunity status against of Hog Cholera, in pig herds,the key factors including the vaccine source, manufacturer and immunization program, which affect the immune effects were studied. The measures on preventing Classical Swine Fever in Shangqiu area were drawed up and applied. The results showed that the incidence of Classical Swine Fever in Shangqiu was different in different scale, hogpen and phases. The incidence of Classical Swine Fever was 55.3%,34.4% and 12.5% respectively in scatter-feed, small scale and large scale hogpen, but it was were the highest in the weaned piglets reached 42.95%. The qualified rate of Classical Swine Fever immunity status was different in different growth phases. Different immunization program can provide different protection effect,and the ultra pre-immunization was better than other classical immunization program. Immunization surveillance was important to assess the immunization effect and determine the correct and timely immunization. Ultra pre-immunized of classical swine fever with high-quality vaccine, together with strict biosecurity measures was also important and correct countermeasure to preventing from Classical Swine Fever. After being widely used in the area, idealeffect is obtained.
引文
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2.韩雪清,刘湘涛,赵启祖.猪瘟病毒及其猪瘟疫苗研究进展.动物医学进展,2000 21(2):1-7
3.Lemman A D.Disease of Swine.6th Edition.Ames:Iowa state University Press,1996
4.Vanthemsche P.Classical swine fever 1993-1994 Belgium.PigJournal,1996,37:43-53
5.Cawthorne R J G.Swine fever in Germany and the Netherlands.VetRecord,1997,140(7):187
6.Moennig V.Introduction to classical swine fever:virus,disease and control policy.Vet Microbiol,2000,73(2-3):93-102
7.Vandeputte J,Chappuis G,Merial,et al.Classical swine fever:the European experience and a guide for infected areas.Rev Sci Tech.1999,18(3):638-4745
8.王锡祯,葛桥,刘磊等.猪瘟流行病学和免疫现状调查.中国兽医杂志,1998,24(3):16-18.
9.蔡宝祥.当前我国猪瘟防制中存在的问题和对策.猪的重要传染病防治研究新成果(2002年全国猪病会论文集):1-5.
10.涂长春,万遂如.我国猪瘟的流行现状、原因与防制对策.猪的重要传染病防治研究新成果(2002年全国猪病会论文集):5-8
11.殷震 刘景华.动物病毒学(第二版)[M],科技出版社,1987,652-662
12.邱昌庆.非典型猪瘟及其防制.猪的重要传染病防治研究新成果(2002年全国猪病会论文集):16-20
13.李国江,赵悦,李春光等.非典型猪瘟的诊治体会.当代畜牧,2000,(3):20-21
14.赖作金,林辰泉,欧阳永昌.非典型猪瘟的诊断报告.江西畜牧兽医,2002,(4):32-33
15.杨小燕,戴爱玲,李晓华等.闽西地区猪瘟流行状况调查与诊断,中国兽医科技,2000 30(11):36-37
16.吕宗吉,涂长春,余兴龙等.我国猪瘟的流行病学现状分析.中国预防兽医学报,2001,23(4):300-302
17.陈轶霞,魏润生,韩庆彦等.集约化猪场猪瘟免疫抗体的监测与防制对策.中国兽医科技,2001,31(6):19-21
18.马利青.猪瘟的研究动态.青海畜牧兽医杂志,1998,28(2):36-38.
19.李峰,刘文兴.试述当前国内猪瘟流行特点、疫苗现状及防制对策.福建畜牧兽医,2000,22(4):40-41
20.吕宗吉,涂长春,余兴龙,猪瘟流行待征的新变化.黑龙江畜牧兽医.,2001(8):39-40
21.吕宗吉,涂长春,余兴龙,猪瘟防制研究的现状及发展趋势.广东畜牧兽医科技,2001,26(2):6-10
22.蔡葵蒸,吕世文,白向平.猪瘟的流行和免疫问题.宁夏农林科技,2002,(4):13-15.
23.王新华.猪瘟病毒持续感染与免疫耐受性.预防兽医学进展,2000 2(4)35-38.
24.张靖飞.猪瘟病毒致病机制研究进展.动物医学进展,2001,22(3)85-86
25.李红卫,涂长春,吕宗吉等.两个猪瘟病毒野毒株gp55基因抗原编码区序列的分析比较.中国病毒学,1997,12(4):354-357
26.王敏华,江金益,范必勤等.猪瘟病毒石门株基因组cDNA片段的扩增与克隆测序.畜牧兽医学报,1996,27(5):436-442
27.李红卫,涂长春,金扩世等.猪瘟病毒石门株与兔化弱毒株主要保护抗原E2基因的序列分析.谢庆阁,瞿中和.畜禽重大疫病免疫防制机制研究.北京:中国农业科技出版社,1996:22-26
28.韩雪清,李红卫,刘湘涛等.中国猪瘟兔化弱毒(C-株)兔脾组织毒E2(gp55)基因的序列分析.中国农业科学院第五次青年优秀论文获奖论文集.1999.12
29.韩雪清,刘湘涛,赵启祖等.猪瘟病毒遗传发生关系分析.中国兽医科技,1999,29(6):3-6
30.赵启祖,刘湘涛,刘卫等.猪瘟病毒P80基因核酸探针的研制谢庆阁,瞿中和.畜禽重大疫病免疫防制研究.北京:中国农业科技出版社,1996:1-7
31.王在时,丘惠深,郎洪武等.猪瘟病毒流行株与疫苗株主要抗原编码基因差异研究.中国兽药杂志,2001,35(1):1-3
32.Edwards S,Moennig V,Wensvoort G.The development of an international reference panel of monlclonal antibodies of the differentiation of hog cholera virus from other pestiviruses,Vet Microbiol,1991,29(2):101-108
33.Schelp C,Dahle J,Krietsch T,et al.Differentiation of pestiveruses by a hog cholera virus-specific geetic probe.Arch Virol,1991,(3):209-215
34.Wensvoort G,Torpstra C,Kluijver,et al.Antigenic differentiation of pestiverus strains with monoclonal antibodies against hog cholera virus.Vet Microbiol,1989,21(1):9-20
35.卫广森.猪瘟免疫失败原因的探讨.养猪,1999,(2):34-35
36.王锡祯,葛桥,刘磊等.猪瘟流行病学和免疫现状调查.中国兽医杂志,1998,24(3):16-18
37.何时杨.免疫猪群在免疫期内发生猪瘟的原因浅析.畜牧与兽医,1997,29(3):268
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