甘肃酿酒葡萄气候区划及品种区域化研究
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摘要
本研究以中国气象局气象信息中心资料室提供的全国722个基本和基准气象站点的气象资料(1951年～2000年)以及从http://data.cma.gov.cn下载的甘肃各一般站点的20年(1982年～2001年)月平均地面气象资料为材料,根据李华等提出的我国酿酒葡萄气候区域化指标体系,对甘肃进行了酿酒葡萄气候区划。按照甘肃的气候特点和酿酒葡萄的生长习性,提出将光热指数(IH值)作为甘肃酿酒葡萄品种区域化的指标,并依此进行了甘肃酿酒葡萄的品种区域化。
1.甘肃酿酒葡萄气候区划
1.1葡萄气候区划
采用李华等建立的葡萄气候区划体系,选用无霜期作为酿酒葡萄区划的热量指标,将生长季的干燥度作为水分指标。
1.2干燥度计算的简化
李华等提出的计算干燥度所用的气象资料为各站点逐日气象资料。我们对干燥度计算公式进行分析、化简,得到干燥度计算必须的七个原始数据。利用中国气象局气象信息中心提供的50年(1971-2000年)的逐日气象资料,对各数据用月值替代的可行性进行了论证,结果显示在干燥度计算中除降水量需要用日值,其余各指标均可用月平均值替代计算。
2甘肃酿酒葡萄栽培区域划分
根据甘肃各一般站点20年月平均气象数据,以无霜期和干燥度为指标,应用ARCGIS软件做图,将酿酒葡萄栽培区域划分为9个栽培区域。其基本框架如下:
ⅠA:会宁、静宁、定西地区中部北部各县、榆中县南部;
ⅠB:张掖市、武威市、永登、皋兰、景泰、古浪、会宁等县的部分地区;
ⅠC:民勤、临泽、高台、酒泉中部各县;
ⅡA:庆阳地区、平凉东部各县区;
ⅡB:白银中部地区、兰州周边县区;
ⅡC:甘肃不存在此区域;
ⅢA:天水、陇南西部、定西南部、舟曲县;
ⅢB:兰州市区;
ⅢC:甘肃不存在此区域。
其中ⅠC和ⅡB亚区是甘肃酿酒葡萄发展最适气候区域,ⅢB为适宜气候区,其余地区为一般适宜区,主要存在的存在气候上的缺陷为水分过多,可发展适应性较强的酿酒葡萄品种,还有某些特殊的小区域也能生产优质或优良葡萄与葡萄酒,但需进一步研究细化。
3.我国酿酒葡萄的品种区域化
在气候区域化研究的基础上,按照甘肃的气候特点和酿酒葡萄的生长习性,对影响酿酒葡萄的气候因素作了分析,提出将光热指数(IH值)作为甘肃酿酒葡萄品种区域化的指标,并依此进行了甘肃酿酒葡萄的品种区域化。
Based on the climatic data of 722 weather stations provided by Climatic Information Centre of China Meteorological Administration (CMA) (during the period from 1951 to 2000)and the climatic data of 81 weather stations download from http://data.cma.gov.cn, average temperature, extreme temperature, precipitation, evaporation capacity and frost-free period (FFP) was summarized. Based on the climatic indexes which effect grapevine were analyzed and the scheme of gansu zoning thermal indexes of the grapevine (draft) was presented, the grapevine zoning based on this scheme was also brought forward. Based on the climatic zoning, active IH indexes of grape growing season was applied as variety zoning index to carry out the variety zoning.
1. The construction of gansu zoning thermal indexes of the grapevine.
1.1 Based on lihua’s viticulture climatic zoning indexes,choose frost-free period as thermal index, dryness index as moisture index.
1.2 The simplify calculate methods of dryness index.
Analysised of the DI formula and simplification it,get seven necessary raw data, Based on the climatic data of 722 weather stations provided by CMA,calculated DI using the daily climatic data,next,replace every single factor with the average monthly data.Comparison these data,the results show that we can replace all the daily climatic with monthly data except the precipitation.
2. Climatic zoning of viticulture in gansu provience
Based on the monthly climatic data(from 1982 to 2001) of 81 weather stations download from http://data.cma.gov.cn,, FRD and DI were applied as zoning index to subdivided China as 9 viticulture zones by means of ARCGIS, and the basic frame is shown:
ⅠA: Huining,Jingning,Middle Dingxi areas,Southern Yuzhong etc;
ⅠB: Zhangye,Wuwei,Part of Yongdeng,Gaolan,Jingtai,Gulang and Huining etc;
ⅠC: Minqin,Linze,Gaotai,Middle Jiuquan area etc;
ⅡA: Qingyang area,Easten of Pingliang area etc;
ⅡB: Middle Baiyin area,around Lanzhou area etc;
ⅡC: This area is no exist;
ⅢA: Yining, Urumchi, Hami Ruoqiang etc.;
ⅢB: Lanzhou city;
ⅢC: This area is no exist.
Among these areas,ⅠC andⅡB subdivision are the best viticulture climatic areas in gansu,ⅡC is good viticulture climatic areas, defects such as overabundance of moisture in harvest-time are exist in other areas, hence, these areas were defined as the ordinary viticulture areas. In other special areas or small areas, high quality wine production also can be obtained, but forward subdivision is needed.
3. Grapevine variety zoning of gansu province.
Based on the climatic zoning, active IH indexes of grape growing season was applied as variety zoning index to carry out the variety zoning.
1.甘肃酿酒葡萄气候区划
1.1葡萄气候区划
采用李华等建立的葡萄气候区划体系,选用无霜期作为酿酒葡萄区划的热量指标,将生长季的干燥度作为水分指标。
1.2干燥度计算的简化
李华等提出的计算干燥度所用的气象资料为各站点逐日气象资料。我们对干燥度计算公式进行分析、化简,得到干燥度计算必须的七个原始数据。利用中国气象局气象信息中心提供的50年(1971-2000年)的逐日气象资料,对各数据用月值替代的可行性进行了论证,结果显示在干燥度计算中除降水量需要用日值,其余各指标均可用月平均值替代计算。
2甘肃酿酒葡萄栽培区域划分
根据甘肃各一般站点20年月平均气象数据,以无霜期和干燥度为指标,应用ARCGIS软件做图,将酿酒葡萄栽培区域划分为9个栽培区域。其基本框架如下:
ⅠA:会宁、静宁、定西地区中部北部各县、榆中县南部;
ⅠB:张掖市、武威市、永登、皋兰、景泰、古浪、会宁等县的部分地区;
ⅠC:民勤、临泽、高台、酒泉中部各县;
ⅡA:庆阳地区、平凉东部各县区;
ⅡB:白银中部地区、兰州周边县区;
ⅡC:甘肃不存在此区域;
ⅢA:天水、陇南西部、定西南部、舟曲县;
ⅢB:兰州市区;
ⅢC:甘肃不存在此区域。
其中ⅠC和ⅡB亚区是甘肃酿酒葡萄发展最适气候区域,ⅢB为适宜气候区,其余地区为一般适宜区,主要存在的存在气候上的缺陷为水分过多,可发展适应性较强的酿酒葡萄品种,还有某些特殊的小区域也能生产优质或优良葡萄与葡萄酒,但需进一步研究细化。
3.我国酿酒葡萄的品种区域化
在气候区域化研究的基础上,按照甘肃的气候特点和酿酒葡萄的生长习性,对影响酿酒葡萄的气候因素作了分析,提出将光热指数(IH值)作为甘肃酿酒葡萄品种区域化的指标,并依此进行了甘肃酿酒葡萄的品种区域化。
Based on the climatic data of 722 weather stations provided by Climatic Information Centre of China Meteorological Administration (CMA) (during the period from 1951 to 2000)and the climatic data of 81 weather stations download from http://data.cma.gov.cn, average temperature, extreme temperature, precipitation, evaporation capacity and frost-free period (FFP) was summarized. Based on the climatic indexes which effect grapevine were analyzed and the scheme of gansu zoning thermal indexes of the grapevine (draft) was presented, the grapevine zoning based on this scheme was also brought forward. Based on the climatic zoning, active IH indexes of grape growing season was applied as variety zoning index to carry out the variety zoning.
1. The construction of gansu zoning thermal indexes of the grapevine.
1.1 Based on lihua’s viticulture climatic zoning indexes,choose frost-free period as thermal index, dryness index as moisture index.
1.2 The simplify calculate methods of dryness index.
Analysised of the DI formula and simplification it,get seven necessary raw data, Based on the climatic data of 722 weather stations provided by CMA,calculated DI using the daily climatic data,next,replace every single factor with the average monthly data.Comparison these data,the results show that we can replace all the daily climatic with monthly data except the precipitation.
2. Climatic zoning of viticulture in gansu provience
Based on the monthly climatic data(from 1982 to 2001) of 81 weather stations download from http://data.cma.gov.cn,, FRD and DI were applied as zoning index to subdivided China as 9 viticulture zones by means of ARCGIS, and the basic frame is shown:
ⅠA: Huining,Jingning,Middle Dingxi areas,Southern Yuzhong etc;
ⅠB: Zhangye,Wuwei,Part of Yongdeng,Gaolan,Jingtai,Gulang and Huining etc;
ⅠC: Minqin,Linze,Gaotai,Middle Jiuquan area etc;
ⅡA: Qingyang area,Easten of Pingliang area etc;
ⅡB: Middle Baiyin area,around Lanzhou area etc;
ⅡC: This area is no exist;
ⅢA: Yining, Urumchi, Hami Ruoqiang etc.;
ⅢB: Lanzhou city;
ⅢC: This area is no exist.
Among these areas,ⅠC andⅡB subdivision are the best viticulture climatic areas in gansu,ⅡC is good viticulture climatic areas, defects such as overabundance of moisture in harvest-time are exist in other areas, hence, these areas were defined as the ordinary viticulture areas. In other special areas or small areas, high quality wine production also can be obtained, but forward subdivision is needed.
3. Grapevine variety zoning of gansu province.
Based on the climatic zoning, active IH indexes of grape growing season was applied as variety zoning index to carry out the variety zoning.
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[72]安华庆李松山从甘肃酒业发展看西部葡萄酒产业开发之潜力宁夏科技-2002年1期
[73]甘肃省葡萄酒产业发展规划2009年5月甘肃葡萄产业发展研讨会评审稿
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