河南平禹一矿岩溶水疏降流场数值模拟与预测
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摘要
平禹煤电公司一矿主采二_1煤和二_3煤,煤层底板分布有石炭系薄层灰岩和寒武系厚层灰岩,岩溶裂隙发育,富含岩溶水,富水性较强,承压水头高,采煤过程中时常发生突水事故,历史上已经发生四次寒灰水突水淹井或淹采区。随着采掘深度的加大,作用在煤层底板岩溶水水压增大,突水危险更大。
在查阅分析国内外相关文献的基础上,结合矿区多年的水文地质资料,综合分析平禹一矿的地质及水文地质条件,设计并进行了疏放寒灰岩溶水试验,充分地了解了平禹井田寒灰岩溶水补给径流和排泄条件,以及寒灰岩溶水疏放难易程度。利用放水试验所形成的岩溶水疏降流场及各观测孔水位动态等资料,运用相关分析法预测未来疏放条件下的涌水量。并在放水试验数据的基础上,运用国际上通用的、标准化的地下水数值模拟软件Visual Modflow建立了平禹一矿地下水渗流模拟模型。经过模型验证和参数识别,建立的数值模拟模型符合实际水文地质条件,稳定且可靠性较好。应用此模型预测未来加大疏放水量时岩溶水的流场。预测结果显示,随着矿井疏水量的进一步加大,地下水处于负均衡状态,岩溶水水位持续下降,形成以三采区和技改井放水孔为中心的水位降落漏斗。矿区在放水量为4880m~3/h的情况下,持续放水1年可使漏斗中心水位下降至-50m左右。
The 1st mine of the Pingyu Coal and Power Company is mainly working on 2_1 and 2_3 coal. The Carboniferous thin limestone and Cambrian thick limestone are distributed in the coal seam floor, with developed karst fissures, rich karst water and high confined water head. So, it’s a threat to mining seam in the process of coal mining. So far, The mine has occurred four Water inrush accidents, leading to the mine inundation or mining area inundation. With the depth of mining increasing, the pressure of karst water working on the coal seam floor increases, and the risk of water-inrush also increases.
Based on lots of relative literature and the hydro-geological information of the past years, this paper analyzes the geological and hydrogeological conditions of Ping Yu 1st mine. In order to understand the Cambrian karst water recharge,discharge and runoff conditions of Ping Yu mine field, a dewatering test has been done. According to the information of the drainage test, this paper used correlation analysis method to predict the mine water inflow under the conditions of dewatering in the future. On the basis of the drainage test data, the simulation model of groundwater flow will be established by using Visual Modflow to predict karst water flow field in the case of water discharge increasing.The stability and reliability of the model is proved by model verification and parameter estimation, and the model fits the hydrogeological conditions of Ping Yu 1st mine. Based on the predicted results, with further increase of mine water discharge, groundwater will be in a state of negative equilibrium, and karst water level will continue to decline, causing the formation of depression cones as the center of the third mining area and well rehabilitation’s water drainage hole. When the mine warter discharge is 4880m~3/h,central cone’s level will drop to -50m or so after one year.
在查阅分析国内外相关文献的基础上,结合矿区多年的水文地质资料,综合分析平禹一矿的地质及水文地质条件,设计并进行了疏放寒灰岩溶水试验,充分地了解了平禹井田寒灰岩溶水补给径流和排泄条件,以及寒灰岩溶水疏放难易程度。利用放水试验所形成的岩溶水疏降流场及各观测孔水位动态等资料,运用相关分析法预测未来疏放条件下的涌水量。并在放水试验数据的基础上,运用国际上通用的、标准化的地下水数值模拟软件Visual Modflow建立了平禹一矿地下水渗流模拟模型。经过模型验证和参数识别,建立的数值模拟模型符合实际水文地质条件,稳定且可靠性较好。应用此模型预测未来加大疏放水量时岩溶水的流场。预测结果显示,随着矿井疏水量的进一步加大,地下水处于负均衡状态,岩溶水水位持续下降,形成以三采区和技改井放水孔为中心的水位降落漏斗。矿区在放水量为4880m~3/h的情况下,持续放水1年可使漏斗中心水位下降至-50m左右。
The 1st mine of the Pingyu Coal and Power Company is mainly working on 2_1 and 2_3 coal. The Carboniferous thin limestone and Cambrian thick limestone are distributed in the coal seam floor, with developed karst fissures, rich karst water and high confined water head. So, it’s a threat to mining seam in the process of coal mining. So far, The mine has occurred four Water inrush accidents, leading to the mine inundation or mining area inundation. With the depth of mining increasing, the pressure of karst water working on the coal seam floor increases, and the risk of water-inrush also increases.
Based on lots of relative literature and the hydro-geological information of the past years, this paper analyzes the geological and hydrogeological conditions of Ping Yu 1st mine. In order to understand the Cambrian karst water recharge,discharge and runoff conditions of Ping Yu mine field, a dewatering test has been done. According to the information of the drainage test, this paper used correlation analysis method to predict the mine water inflow under the conditions of dewatering in the future. On the basis of the drainage test data, the simulation model of groundwater flow will be established by using Visual Modflow to predict karst water flow field in the case of water discharge increasing.The stability and reliability of the model is proved by model verification and parameter estimation, and the model fits the hydrogeological conditions of Ping Yu 1st mine. Based on the predicted results, with further increase of mine water discharge, groundwater will be in a state of negative equilibrium, and karst water level will continue to decline, causing the formation of depression cones as the center of the third mining area and well rehabilitation’s water drainage hole. When the mine warter discharge is 4880m~3/h,central cone’s level will drop to -50m or so after one year.
引文
[1]许学汉,王杰等.煤矿突水预报研究[M].地质出版社,1991.
[2]张光德,李栋臣,胡斌等编.矿井水灾防治[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2002.7:1-2.
[3]王静波.亟待改变的我国煤矿安全生产形势及对策[J].煤矿安全,2006,37(11):75-76.
[4]许名标,彭德红.我国煤炭事故的致因分析和对策[J].矿业快报,2006(11):34-35.
[5]罗春喜.关于煤矿水害事故原因分析及防治问题的探讨[J].煤炭技术. 2006(l1):124-126.
[6]刘照邦,岳崇利等.平禹煤电公司新峰一矿防治水方案浅析[J].中州煤炭,2007.6:36-38.
[7]刘照邦,王帅兵等.平禹煤电公司一矿“10.19”突水水源的判定[J].中州煤炭,2008.3:119-121.
[8]余国光.复杂大水矿床涌水量数值计算水文地质模型研究[J].长春:长春地质学院,1985.21-22
[9]关永强,李学军.奥灰水垂向补给大青水的通道的发育特征[J].河北煤炭,1996.1:52-54
[10]马培智.范各庄矿2298区放水试验研究[J].陕西煤炭技术,1998.4:9-12
[11]侯法文,赵建仓,张建国.大型抽水试验在永城电厂水源地裂隙岩溶水资源评价中的应用[J].水利水电技术,2001.32(7):21-23
[12]员占英,郭润林,韩彩霞.抽水试验在煤矿采区中的应用研究[J].山西水利,2002.1:44-45
[13]许光泉,桂和荣,张连福等.矿井大型放水试验及其意义[J].地下水,2002.24(4):200-202,237
[14]顾敏.邢台煤矿放水试验中的水质变化特征及水文地质条件分析[J].煤田地质与勘探,1997.25(增刊):59-63
[15]李文东.兴隆庄煤矿三含放水试验分析[J].煤田地质与勘探,1999.27(增刊):37-40
[16] Pinder G, Stathoff S. Can the Sharp Interface Salt Fresh Water Model Capture Transient Behavior[J]. Developments in Water Science,Elsevier,1988.35:217-244.
[17] Tyson H N and Weber E M. Groundwater management for the nation’s future—compu-ter simulation of groundwater basins[J]. J. Hydraul Div; Amer. Soc. Civil, Eng. l964, 90(4): 89-77.
[18] Javandel I and Withespoon P A. Application of the finite element method to transient flow in porous media[J]. J Soc Petrol Eng. 1968, 8(3): 241-252.
[19] Gapta S K and Tunji K K. A three—dimension Gulerkin finite element solution of flow through multiaquifers in Sutler Basin California[J]. Water Resour Res. 1976, 12(2).
[20] Neumon S P and Narasihuhan T N. Mixld explicit-implicit iterative finite element schemefor diffusion-type problems[J]. Int.J.for nurnercial methoding Eng.1977, 11.
[21]张宏仁,李俊亭.有限差分与有限单元法在渗流问题中的对比[J].水文地质工程地质.1979.(2).
[22]王文科,李俊亭.地下水流数值模拟的发展与展望[J].西北地质,1995.16(4):52-56.
[23]薛禺群,吴吉春.地下水数值模拟在我国的回顾与展望[J].水文地质工程地质,1997(4):21-24.
[24]邵景力,崔亚莉,赵云章等.黄河下游影响带(河南段)三维地下水流数值模拟模型及其应用[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2003(1):51-55
[25]张长春,邵景力,李慈君等.华北平原地下水生态环境水位研究[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2003.33(7):323-330
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[27]万力,李清波,王文贵.砂泥岩互层裂隙地层的渗透特征[J].水利学报,1993(9):82-88
[28]万力,李定方,李吉庆.三维裂隙网络的多边形单元渗流模型[J].水利水运科学研究,1993(4):347-353
[29]李锋,万力.多层网格法在地下水水流计算中的应用[J].水文地质工程地质,1995(2):1-4
[30]武强,董东林,钱增江.试论华北型煤田立体充水地质结构理论[J].水文地质工程地质,2000(2):47-49
[31]武强,金玉洁,董东林.华北型煤田防治水决策优化管理技术[J].煤田地质与勘探,1998.26(4):41-44
[32]潘国营,武强,董东林等.焦作矿区岩溶裂隙网络渗流特征及研究方法[J].煤炭学报,1998.23(6):566-570
[33]潘国营,武强,全长水.裂隙水运动理论与渗流模拟实践[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,2001.2-10
[34]魏林宏,束龙仓,郝振纯.地下水流数值模拟的研究现状和发展趋势[J].重庆大学学报,2000.23(s1):50-52.
[35]武强,金玉洁,董东林.华北型煤田防治水决策优化管理技术[J] .煤田地质与勘探,1998.26(4):41-44.
[36]武强,董东林.水资源评价的可视化专业软件(Visual Modflow)与应用潜力[J].水文地质与工程地质,1999.26(5):21-23.
[37]武强,石占华.可视化地下水模拟评价新型软件系统(Visual Modflow)与矿井水防治[J].煤炭科学技术,2000.28(2):18-20.
[38]武强,朱斌,徐华等. MODFLOW在淮北地下水数值模拟中的应用[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版),2005.24(4):500-503.
[39]邱汉学,焦超颖,刘贯群.白沙河平原地下水系统数值模拟[J].青岛海洋大学学报,1995.25(2):206-212.
[40]金咪,耿庆文. Visual MODFLOW在淄博高新区地下水流场及水质模拟中的应用[J].华北水利水电学院学报,2003.24(3):56-59.
[41]李宏卿,吴琼. Visual MODFLOW在建立长春市地下水开采预警系统中的应用[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2003.33(3):319-322.
[42]卞玉梅,卢文喜,马洪云. Visual Modflow在水源地地下水数值模拟中的应用[J].东北水利水电,2006.24(3):31-33.
[43]胡轶,谢水波,蒋明等. Visual Modflow及其在地下水模拟中的应用[J].南华大学学报(自然科学版),2006.20(2):1-5.
[44] Anon.Visual MODFLOW V.2.8.2 User's Manual for Professional Application Three-Dimensional Groundwater Floe and Contaminant Transport Modeling. Ontario Waterloo Hydrogeologic Inc.2000
[45] Waterloo Hydrogeologic Inc. User's Manual of Visual MODFLOW.1996
[46] Nilson Guiguer.Waterloo Hydrogeologic Modflow Packages Reference Manual. Ontario, Canada: Waterloo Hydrogeologic Inc.2004
[47]郭卫星,卢国平编译.MODFLOW三维有限差分地下水流模型[M].南京大学地球科学系,1998
[2]张光德,李栋臣,胡斌等编.矿井水灾防治[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2002.7:1-2.
[3]王静波.亟待改变的我国煤矿安全生产形势及对策[J].煤矿安全,2006,37(11):75-76.
[4]许名标,彭德红.我国煤炭事故的致因分析和对策[J].矿业快报,2006(11):34-35.
[5]罗春喜.关于煤矿水害事故原因分析及防治问题的探讨[J].煤炭技术. 2006(l1):124-126.
[6]刘照邦,岳崇利等.平禹煤电公司新峰一矿防治水方案浅析[J].中州煤炭,2007.6:36-38.
[7]刘照邦,王帅兵等.平禹煤电公司一矿“10.19”突水水源的判定[J].中州煤炭,2008.3:119-121.
[8]余国光.复杂大水矿床涌水量数值计算水文地质模型研究[J].长春:长春地质学院,1985.21-22
[9]关永强,李学军.奥灰水垂向补给大青水的通道的发育特征[J].河北煤炭,1996.1:52-54
[10]马培智.范各庄矿2298区放水试验研究[J].陕西煤炭技术,1998.4:9-12
[11]侯法文,赵建仓,张建国.大型抽水试验在永城电厂水源地裂隙岩溶水资源评价中的应用[J].水利水电技术,2001.32(7):21-23
[12]员占英,郭润林,韩彩霞.抽水试验在煤矿采区中的应用研究[J].山西水利,2002.1:44-45
[13]许光泉,桂和荣,张连福等.矿井大型放水试验及其意义[J].地下水,2002.24(4):200-202,237
[14]顾敏.邢台煤矿放水试验中的水质变化特征及水文地质条件分析[J].煤田地质与勘探,1997.25(增刊):59-63
[15]李文东.兴隆庄煤矿三含放水试验分析[J].煤田地质与勘探,1999.27(增刊):37-40
[16] Pinder G, Stathoff S. Can the Sharp Interface Salt Fresh Water Model Capture Transient Behavior[J]. Developments in Water Science,Elsevier,1988.35:217-244.
[17] Tyson H N and Weber E M. Groundwater management for the nation’s future—compu-ter simulation of groundwater basins[J]. J. Hydraul Div; Amer. Soc. Civil, Eng. l964, 90(4): 89-77.
[18] Javandel I and Withespoon P A. Application of the finite element method to transient flow in porous media[J]. J Soc Petrol Eng. 1968, 8(3): 241-252.
[19] Gapta S K and Tunji K K. A three—dimension Gulerkin finite element solution of flow through multiaquifers in Sutler Basin California[J]. Water Resour Res. 1976, 12(2).
[20] Neumon S P and Narasihuhan T N. Mixld explicit-implicit iterative finite element schemefor diffusion-type problems[J]. Int.J.for nurnercial methoding Eng.1977, 11.
[21]张宏仁,李俊亭.有限差分与有限单元法在渗流问题中的对比[J].水文地质工程地质.1979.(2).
[22]王文科,李俊亭.地下水流数值模拟的发展与展望[J].西北地质,1995.16(4):52-56.
[23]薛禺群,吴吉春.地下水数值模拟在我国的回顾与展望[J].水文地质工程地质,1997(4):21-24.
[24]邵景力,崔亚莉,赵云章等.黄河下游影响带(河南段)三维地下水流数值模拟模型及其应用[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2003(1):51-55
[25]张长春,邵景力,李慈君等.华北平原地下水生态环境水位研究[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2003.33(7):323-330
[26]邵景力,崔亚莉,李慈君.水资源—经济管理模型及其应用[J].水文地质工程地质,1994(3):1-4
[27]万力,李清波,王文贵.砂泥岩互层裂隙地层的渗透特征[J].水利学报,1993(9):82-88
[28]万力,李定方,李吉庆.三维裂隙网络的多边形单元渗流模型[J].水利水运科学研究,1993(4):347-353
[29]李锋,万力.多层网格法在地下水水流计算中的应用[J].水文地质工程地质,1995(2):1-4
[30]武强,董东林,钱增江.试论华北型煤田立体充水地质结构理论[J].水文地质工程地质,2000(2):47-49
[31]武强,金玉洁,董东林.华北型煤田防治水决策优化管理技术[J].煤田地质与勘探,1998.26(4):41-44
[32]潘国营,武强,董东林等.焦作矿区岩溶裂隙网络渗流特征及研究方法[J].煤炭学报,1998.23(6):566-570
[33]潘国营,武强,全长水.裂隙水运动理论与渗流模拟实践[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,2001.2-10
[34]魏林宏,束龙仓,郝振纯.地下水流数值模拟的研究现状和发展趋势[J].重庆大学学报,2000.23(s1):50-52.
[35]武强,金玉洁,董东林.华北型煤田防治水决策优化管理技术[J] .煤田地质与勘探,1998.26(4):41-44.
[36]武强,董东林.水资源评价的可视化专业软件(Visual Modflow)与应用潜力[J].水文地质与工程地质,1999.26(5):21-23.
[37]武强,石占华.可视化地下水模拟评价新型软件系统(Visual Modflow)与矿井水防治[J].煤炭科学技术,2000.28(2):18-20.
[38]武强,朱斌,徐华等. MODFLOW在淮北地下水数值模拟中的应用[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版),2005.24(4):500-503.
[39]邱汉学,焦超颖,刘贯群.白沙河平原地下水系统数值模拟[J].青岛海洋大学学报,1995.25(2):206-212.
[40]金咪,耿庆文. Visual MODFLOW在淄博高新区地下水流场及水质模拟中的应用[J].华北水利水电学院学报,2003.24(3):56-59.
[41]李宏卿,吴琼. Visual MODFLOW在建立长春市地下水开采预警系统中的应用[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2003.33(3):319-322.
[42]卞玉梅,卢文喜,马洪云. Visual Modflow在水源地地下水数值模拟中的应用[J].东北水利水电,2006.24(3):31-33.
[43]胡轶,谢水波,蒋明等. Visual Modflow及其在地下水模拟中的应用[J].南华大学学报(自然科学版),2006.20(2):1-5.
[44] Anon.Visual MODFLOW V.2.8.2 User's Manual for Professional Application Three-Dimensional Groundwater Floe and Contaminant Transport Modeling. Ontario Waterloo Hydrogeologic Inc.2000
[45] Waterloo Hydrogeologic Inc. User's Manual of Visual MODFLOW.1996
[46] Nilson Guiguer.Waterloo Hydrogeologic Modflow Packages Reference Manual. Ontario, Canada: Waterloo Hydrogeologic Inc.2004
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