电力系统大停电后初期恢复算法的研究
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摘要
电力系统发生大停电事故后,需要选择合理的恢复路径,尽快地对电网中无自启动能力的机组及一些重要的负荷节点进行恢复,进而实现整个系统的全面恢复。本文将系统恢复的目标网架重构和节点恢复顺序的确定统一考虑,结合经典的最短路径法与交叉粒子群算法来选择最优的恢复路径,以确定到达系统目标网架的恢复顺序。在本文算法中,考虑了机组在恢复过程中的启动时间限制,可保证尽可能多的电源点得到及时恢复,并对得到的目标系统进行潮流的计算校验,对发生潮流越限的系统进行了适当的调整。本文以30节点系统和河北南网系统作为算例验证了算法的有效性。最后对系统并行恢复时分区的问题做了初步的探讨。
After blackout, in order to restore the normal operation of the power system, optimal restoration paths are needed to restart the units without self-restart capacity and restore the power supply to the important loads. In this paper, skeleton-network reconfiguration and determination of the node-restoration sequence are considered under the same framework, and the classic Dijkstra algorithm and cross particle swarm optimization are employed to choose the optimal restoration path and the node-restoration sequence. Meanwhile, time requirements for unit start-up are considered to restore the generation capacity as much as possible. To the skeleton networks obtained, the power flow constraints are checked and necessary adjustment is carried out to the networks with violation of the constraints. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated by the numerical results on 30-bus system and the southern power system of Hebei province. At last,subsystem partitioning for the system parallel restoration is researched.
After blackout, in order to restore the normal operation of the power system, optimal restoration paths are needed to restart the units without self-restart capacity and restore the power supply to the important loads. In this paper, skeleton-network reconfiguration and determination of the node-restoration sequence are considered under the same framework, and the classic Dijkstra algorithm and cross particle swarm optimization are employed to choose the optimal restoration path and the node-restoration sequence. Meanwhile, time requirements for unit start-up are considered to restore the generation capacity as much as possible. To the skeleton networks obtained, the power flow constraints are checked and necessary adjustment is carried out to the networks with violation of the constraints. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated by the numerical results on 30-bus system and the southern power system of Hebei province. At last,subsystem partitioning for the system parallel restoration is researched.
引文
[1] 华北电力科学研究院. 北京. 首都电网快速恢复技术研究. 2001
[2] E.Mariain, F.Mastroianni, V.Romano. Field experience in reenergizationofelectrical networks from thermal and hydro units . IEEE Trans.PAS,1984,PAS-132(7);1707-1713
[3] Lester H Fink,Lion Kan-Lee,Liu Chen-Ching.From generic restoration to specific restoration strategies.IEEE Trans. on Power Systems,1995,10(2):745-752
[4] Jerry J Ancona.A framework for power system restoration following a major power failure.IEEE Trans. on Power Systems,1995,9(3):1480-1485.
[5] Wu F F, Monticelli A. Analytical Tools for Power System Restoration Conceptual Design.IEEE Trans. on Power Systems,l988,l3(1):l0-l6
[6] M.M.Adibi, J.N.Borkoski, R.J.Kafka. Power system Restration-the second task force report. IEEE Trans.PWRS,1987.2(4):927-933
[7] 周云海,闵勇,杨滨.黑启动及其决策支持系统. 电力系统自动化,200l,25(15):43-47
[8] Nagata T ,Sasaki H. A Multi—agent Approach to Power System Restoration.IEEE Trans. on Power Systems,2002,l7(2):457-462
[9] Yen Jerome,Yan Yonghe,Contreras J, et a1. Multi agent Approach to the Planning of Power Transmission Expansion. Decision Support System ,2000,28(3):279-290
[10] 周云海,闵勇.恢复控制中的系统重构优化算法研究.中国电机工程学报,2003,23(4):67-70
[11] 程云志,房鑫炎.Petri Nets 算法在电力系统恢复中的应用.电力自动化设备,2003,23(5):12-15
[12] Yan Liu,Xueping Gu.Skeleton-Network Reconfiguration Based on Topological Characteristics of Scale-Free Networks and Discrete Particle Swarm Optimization.IEEE Trans. on Power Systems,22(3):1267-1274
[13] 魏智博,刘艳,顾雪平.基于 DPSO 算法以负荷恢复为目标的网络重构.电力系统自动化,31(1):38-42
[14] 董张卓,焦健林,孙启宏.用层次分析法安排电力系统事故后火电机组恢复的次序.电网技术,1997,21(6):48-54
[15] Ketabi,H.Asmar,A.M.Ranjbar,and R.Feuillet.An Approach for Optimal Units Start-up during Bulk Power System Restoration.Large Engineering Systems Conference on Power Engineering,Halifax,NS Canada,2001
[16] 段刚,余贻鑫.电力系统 NP 难问题全局优化算法的研究.电力系统自动化,25(5):14-18
[17] 余贻鑫,段刚.基于最短路算法和遗传算法的配电网重构.中国电机工程学报.2000,20(9):44-49
[18] Miller J M. Optimal Sequencing of Starting-up Generating Units.IEEE Trans. on Power Systems,l992,7(4):l4l9～ l427
[19] 西安交大,浙江大学.大型汽轮机启停及实验调整.电子工业出版社,1982,7
[20] Ron F.Chu, Arne T.Holen, Chen Ching Liu et al.Generation Capability Dispatch for Bulk Power System Restoration: A Knowledge-based Approach. IEEE Trans.1993,8(1):316-325
[21] M.M.Adibi,Milanicz D P.Estimating Restoration Duration.IEEE Trans. on Power Systems,l999,l4(4):l493-l498
[22] 刘映尚,张碧华,周云海.黑启动过程中继电保护和安全自动装置的特性和运行.中国电力,2005,38(5):25-28
[23] 陆启超.常微分方程的定性方法和分叉. 北京:北京航空航天大学出版社.1992
[24] 郭嘉阳,吴涛,张仁伟.华北电网“黑启动”试验研究.华北电力技术,200l(5):3-l8
[25] 周云海.大停电事故后恢复控制技术研究:[博士学位论文].北京:清华大学,200l
[26] 梁海平.智能潮流分析系统的研究与开发:[硕士学位论文].保定:华北电力大学电力工程系,2002
[27] 高尚,杨静宇.群智能算法及其应用.北京:中国水利水电出版社,2006
[28] Zimmerman R D, Murillo-Sanchez C E, Gan D Q. Documentation for matpower version 3.http://www.pserc.cornell.edu/matpower/matpower.html
[29] 谌军,曾勇刚,杨晋柏等.南方电网黑启动方案.电力系统自动化,2006,30(9):80-84
[30] 刘隽,李兴源,许秀芳.互联电网的黑启动策略及相关问题.电力系统自动化,2004,28(5):93-97
[31] 王小平,曹立明.遗传算法—理论、应用与软件实现.西安:西安交通大学出版社.2000.12-40
[32] 潘正君,康立山,陈毓屏.演化计算.北京:清华大学出版社.1998
[2] E.Mariain, F.Mastroianni, V.Romano. Field experience in reenergizationofelectrical networks from thermal and hydro units . IEEE Trans.PAS,1984,PAS-132(7);1707-1713
[3] Lester H Fink,Lion Kan-Lee,Liu Chen-Ching.From generic restoration to specific restoration strategies.IEEE Trans. on Power Systems,1995,10(2):745-752
[4] Jerry J Ancona.A framework for power system restoration following a major power failure.IEEE Trans. on Power Systems,1995,9(3):1480-1485.
[5] Wu F F, Monticelli A. Analytical Tools for Power System Restoration Conceptual Design.IEEE Trans. on Power Systems,l988,l3(1):l0-l6
[6] M.M.Adibi, J.N.Borkoski, R.J.Kafka. Power system Restration-the second task force report. IEEE Trans.PWRS,1987.2(4):927-933
[7] 周云海,闵勇,杨滨.黑启动及其决策支持系统. 电力系统自动化,200l,25(15):43-47
[8] Nagata T ,Sasaki H. A Multi—agent Approach to Power System Restoration.IEEE Trans. on Power Systems,2002,l7(2):457-462
[9] Yen Jerome,Yan Yonghe,Contreras J, et a1. Multi agent Approach to the Planning of Power Transmission Expansion. Decision Support System ,2000,28(3):279-290
[10] 周云海,闵勇.恢复控制中的系统重构优化算法研究.中国电机工程学报,2003,23(4):67-70
[11] 程云志,房鑫炎.Petri Nets 算法在电力系统恢复中的应用.电力自动化设备,2003,23(5):12-15
[12] Yan Liu,Xueping Gu.Skeleton-Network Reconfiguration Based on Topological Characteristics of Scale-Free Networks and Discrete Particle Swarm Optimization.IEEE Trans. on Power Systems,22(3):1267-1274
[13] 魏智博,刘艳,顾雪平.基于 DPSO 算法以负荷恢复为目标的网络重构.电力系统自动化,31(1):38-42
[14] 董张卓,焦健林,孙启宏.用层次分析法安排电力系统事故后火电机组恢复的次序.电网技术,1997,21(6):48-54
[15] Ketabi,H.Asmar,A.M.Ranjbar,and R.Feuillet.An Approach for Optimal Units Start-up during Bulk Power System Restoration.Large Engineering Systems Conference on Power Engineering,Halifax,NS Canada,2001
[16] 段刚,余贻鑫.电力系统 NP 难问题全局优化算法的研究.电力系统自动化,25(5):14-18
[17] 余贻鑫,段刚.基于最短路算法和遗传算法的配电网重构.中国电机工程学报.2000,20(9):44-49
[18] Miller J M. Optimal Sequencing of Starting-up Generating Units.IEEE Trans. on Power Systems,l992,7(4):l4l9～ l427
[19] 西安交大,浙江大学.大型汽轮机启停及实验调整.电子工业出版社,1982,7
[20] Ron F.Chu, Arne T.Holen, Chen Ching Liu et al.Generation Capability Dispatch for Bulk Power System Restoration: A Knowledge-based Approach. IEEE Trans.1993,8(1):316-325
[21] M.M.Adibi,Milanicz D P.Estimating Restoration Duration.IEEE Trans. on Power Systems,l999,l4(4):l493-l498
[22] 刘映尚,张碧华,周云海.黑启动过程中继电保护和安全自动装置的特性和运行.中国电力,2005,38(5):25-28
[23] 陆启超.常微分方程的定性方法和分叉. 北京:北京航空航天大学出版社.1992
[24] 郭嘉阳,吴涛,张仁伟.华北电网“黑启动”试验研究.华北电力技术,200l(5):3-l8
[25] 周云海.大停电事故后恢复控制技术研究:[博士学位论文].北京:清华大学,200l
[26] 梁海平.智能潮流分析系统的研究与开发:[硕士学位论文].保定:华北电力大学电力工程系,2002
[27] 高尚,杨静宇.群智能算法及其应用.北京:中国水利水电出版社,2006
[28] Zimmerman R D, Murillo-Sanchez C E, Gan D Q. Documentation for matpower version 3.http://www.pserc.cornell.edu/matpower/matpower.html
[29] 谌军,曾勇刚,杨晋柏等.南方电网黑启动方案.电力系统自动化,2006,30(9):80-84
[30] 刘隽,李兴源,许秀芳.互联电网的黑启动策略及相关问题.电力系统自动化,2004,28(5):93-97
[31] 王小平,曹立明.遗传算法—理论、应用与软件实现.西安:西安交通大学出版社.2000.12-40
[32] 潘正君,康立山,陈毓屏.演化计算.北京:清华大学出版社.1998