可逆冷轧DC03钢板退火再结晶过程的研究
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摘要
DC03钢是一种典型的低碳铝镇静钢,在炼钢阶段使用过剩的铝做脱氧剂,脱氧完全,钢质纯净。DC03钢板具有屈服强度、抗拉强度较低,塑性、冲压性能较好等特点,是第二代深冲钢板的代表。目前,DC03钢板广泛用于汽车零部件以及电器产品零部件等延展性要求比较高的产品。
DC03钢板的生产工艺主要是炼钢、热轧、酸洗、冷轧、退火和平整。室温下,钢的组织是铁素体和游离渗碳体,铁素体的晶粒度以及游离渗碳体评级都对DC03钢的性能有很大影响。专家普遍认为,冷轧和退火工艺对DC03钢板室温组织有很大影响作用,是该钢种生产中最为重要的一环。目前对于DC03钢板的研究,多是针对冷连轧工艺条件,而对于可逆轧制的研究则相对较少。
为系统研究可逆冷轧条件下冷轧和退火工艺对于DC03钢板组织和性能的影响,为企业生产提供理论指导,本课题采用HC单机架可逆轧机,对DC03冷轧原料板进行轧制,并在不同轧制压下率条件下取样,分别进行退火实验,最后检测各试样的组织和性能。
实验发现,DC03冷轧钢板在480℃左右开始发生再结晶,680℃时再结晶完成,晶粒均匀,约为8级,此时性能稳定。冷轧压下率对再结晶组织和性能有重要作用,当压下率为70%左右时,试样退火后综合性能(强度、硬度、塑性、深冲性能)最好。另外,分级退火实验表明,在550℃保温2小时,然后再加热到700℃保温4小时,采用这种加热制度,有利于获得饼形晶粒,对于提高钢板的深冲性能有很大积极意义。
DC03steel is a type of low carbon Al-killed steel, which is deoxidized completely due to the use of excessive deoxidizer. DC03steel sheet, the typical second generation of deep drawing steel, has quite low yield strength and tensile strength and good plasticity and stamping property. DC03steel sheets are being widely used in the products requiring high ductility such as automotive and electrical appliance parts.
The production process of DC03steel includes smelting, hot rolling, pickling, cold rolling, annealing and smoothing. The microstructure of DC03steel at room temperature mainly consists of ferrite and free cementite. Experts and researchers are in agreement with that the cold rolling and annealing process have a great influence in the grain size of ferrite and the grade of free cementite. At present, the researches and achievements are concentrated in the continuous cold rolling process, while the studies on reversible cold rolling are rarely reported.
In order to investigate the effect of the parameters of the cold rolling process and annealing process on DC03steel sheets, the samples in this paper were cold rolled in HC Single-stand reversing cold mill to different reduction ratio, then reheated to different temperature to recrystallize, and last tested the microstructure and properties of each sample.
The study indicates that the cold rolling samples start to recrystallize around480centigrade and finish the recrystallization when the temperature rise to680centigrade. The size of grain is about the grade of8and the performance conforms to the requirements of DC03steel. The cold rolling ratio is an important parameter. The samples of70percent reduction ratio show the better performance in the plasticity and stamping property than ones of other reduction ratios. In addition, the experiment shows that the grain shape is flat when the samples are held for2hours at550centigrade before raised to700centigrade, which is beneficial to improve deep drawing properties of steel sheets.
DC03钢板的生产工艺主要是炼钢、热轧、酸洗、冷轧、退火和平整。室温下,钢的组织是铁素体和游离渗碳体,铁素体的晶粒度以及游离渗碳体评级都对DC03钢的性能有很大影响。专家普遍认为,冷轧和退火工艺对DC03钢板室温组织有很大影响作用,是该钢种生产中最为重要的一环。目前对于DC03钢板的研究,多是针对冷连轧工艺条件,而对于可逆轧制的研究则相对较少。
为系统研究可逆冷轧条件下冷轧和退火工艺对于DC03钢板组织和性能的影响,为企业生产提供理论指导,本课题采用HC单机架可逆轧机,对DC03冷轧原料板进行轧制,并在不同轧制压下率条件下取样,分别进行退火实验,最后检测各试样的组织和性能。
实验发现,DC03冷轧钢板在480℃左右开始发生再结晶,680℃时再结晶完成,晶粒均匀,约为8级,此时性能稳定。冷轧压下率对再结晶组织和性能有重要作用,当压下率为70%左右时,试样退火后综合性能(强度、硬度、塑性、深冲性能)最好。另外,分级退火实验表明,在550℃保温2小时,然后再加热到700℃保温4小时,采用这种加热制度,有利于获得饼形晶粒,对于提高钢板的深冲性能有很大积极意义。
DC03steel is a type of low carbon Al-killed steel, which is deoxidized completely due to the use of excessive deoxidizer. DC03steel sheet, the typical second generation of deep drawing steel, has quite low yield strength and tensile strength and good plasticity and stamping property. DC03steel sheets are being widely used in the products requiring high ductility such as automotive and electrical appliance parts.
The production process of DC03steel includes smelting, hot rolling, pickling, cold rolling, annealing and smoothing. The microstructure of DC03steel at room temperature mainly consists of ferrite and free cementite. Experts and researchers are in agreement with that the cold rolling and annealing process have a great influence in the grain size of ferrite and the grade of free cementite. At present, the researches and achievements are concentrated in the continuous cold rolling process, while the studies on reversible cold rolling are rarely reported.
In order to investigate the effect of the parameters of the cold rolling process and annealing process on DC03steel sheets, the samples in this paper were cold rolled in HC Single-stand reversing cold mill to different reduction ratio, then reheated to different temperature to recrystallize, and last tested the microstructure and properties of each sample.
The study indicates that the cold rolling samples start to recrystallize around480centigrade and finish the recrystallization when the temperature rise to680centigrade. The size of grain is about the grade of8and the performance conforms to the requirements of DC03steel. The cold rolling ratio is an important parameter. The samples of70percent reduction ratio show the better performance in the plasticity and stamping property than ones of other reduction ratios. In addition, the experiment shows that the grain shape is flat when the samples are held for2hours at550centigrade before raised to700centigrade, which is beneficial to improve deep drawing properties of steel sheets.
引文
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12 KATSUHIRO S. Reaction Mechanism Between Alumina Immersion Nozzle and Low Carbon Steel [J]. ISIJ International,1994,34 (10):802-809.
13 Saburo Kobayashi. Thermodynamic Fundamentals for Alumina Content Control of Oxide Inclusions in Mn-Si Deoxidation of Molten Steel [J]. ISIJ International, 1999,39 (7):664.
14董苑华,朱超云,邓深等.DC系列钢轧制工艺试验[J].柳钢科技.2011(5)：19-22.
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17朱传运,余挺进,迪林等.铝镇静钢板坯连铸的保护浇注技术[J].工业加热.2007,36(6)：65-67.
18景钦广,康永林,孙建林等.微合金元素硼对08A1钢再结晶织构的影响[J].钢铁研究学报.2008,20(1)：44-49.
19陈方玉,陈希来,桂美文.SPCD钢热轧板板面条带状缺陷分析[J].武钢技术.2007,45(5)：4-8.
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27刘兴全,刘雅政,洪继要.卷取温度和冷轧压下率对CSP流程深冲板组织性能的影响[J].钢铁研究学报.2009,21(2)：18-22.
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29 Tanikawa K, Hosoya Y, Koike T. Strain Aging Properties of Extra-low Carbon Bake Hardenable Cold Rolled Steel Sheets. NKK Technical Report,1994, 145:25-32
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2姚贵升,景立媛.汽车用钢应用技术[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2008.
3 殷瑞钰.中国薄板坯连铸连轧的进展与展望[J].2006,(7)：1-6
4马璟,关小军,刘清津.IF板与08A1板的成形性能研究.山东冶金,2003,25(6)：49-51
5刘世荣.金属学与热处理[M].北京：机械工业出版社.1985.
6崔忠圻,覃耀春.金属学及热处理[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2007.
7兰英.浅谈冷轧冲压用钢产品化学成分特点[J].本钢技术.2012,(3)：25-28.
8田德新,凤佩华,刘慧.微碳冷轧深冲汽车板的研制.钢铁研究,1997,(6)：23-29
9王新华.洁净钢生产技术[C]//中国钢铁年会论文集.北京：冶金工业出版社,1999：367.
10彭其春,赵金涛,陈立鹏等.连铸过程DC04钢中夹杂物的研究[J].中国冶金.2011,21(6)：5-8.
11高霖,王先进,凤佩华.W08A1深冲钢板的织构分析[J].钢铁研究学报.1994,6(3)：27-32.
12 KATSUHIRO S. Reaction Mechanism Between Alumina Immersion Nozzle and Low Carbon Steel [J]. ISIJ International,1994,34 (10):802-809.
13 Saburo Kobayashi. Thermodynamic Fundamentals for Alumina Content Control of Oxide Inclusions in Mn-Si Deoxidation of Molten Steel [J]. ISIJ International, 1999,39 (7):664.
14董苑华,朱超云,邓深等.DC系列钢轧制工艺试验[J].柳钢科技.2011(5)：19-22.
15傅作宝.冷轧薄钢板生产.北京：冶金工业出版社[M].2005.
16 Fukuda M. The Effect of Carbon Content Against r-Value Cold Reductions Relations in Steel Sheets [J]. Journal of Iron Steel Institute Japan,1967,53(4): 559.
17朱传运,余挺进,迪林等.铝镇静钢板坯连铸的保护浇注技术[J].工业加热.2007,36(6)：65-67.
18景钦广,康永林,孙建林等.微合金元素硼对08A1钢再结晶织构的影响[J].钢铁研究学报.2008,20(1)：44-49.
19陈方玉,陈希来,桂美文.SPCD钢热轧板板面条带状缺陷分析[J].武钢技术.2007,45(5)：4-8.
20王宝昆,刘海霞,金自力.退火工艺对基于CSP条件冷轧低碳钢板组织和微区织构的影响[J].内蒙古科技大学学报,2010,29(2)：150-154.
21张树堂.薄板坯连铸连轧生产冷轧用低碳热轧带钢的力学性能[J].钢铁研究学报,2005,17(6)：10-16.
22朱涛,张开坚,易礼君,刘雅政.热轧工艺参数对08A1钢相变点的影响[J].轧钢.1999,(4)：24-27.
23赵鸿金,陈荣清.终轧及卷取温度对热轧SP325钢板织构与深冲性能的影响[J].东北大学学报,1994,15(4)：374-378.
24 Otsuka T Tanabe T. Hydrogen diffusion and trapping process around MnS precipitates in alpha Fe examined by tritium autoradiography J. Journal of Alloys and Compounds,:2007,446:655-659.
25 Shinozaki J, Muto I, Omura T, et al. Local dissolution of MnS inclusion and micro structural distribution of absorbed hydrogen in carbon steel [J]. Journal of The Electrochemical Society,2011,158(9):302-C309.
26余驰斌,罗年高,赵刚等.热轧工艺对CSP低碳钢冷轧板成形性能的影响[J].武汉科技大学学报.2008,31(5)：526-530.
27刘兴全,刘雅政,洪继要.卷取温度和冷轧压下率对CSP流程深冲板组织性能的影响[J].钢铁研究学报.2009,21(2)：18-22.
28齐建群,董春雨,赵志毅.冷轧压下率对SPCC钢板组织和性能的影响[J].工艺装备.2007,(4)：30-33.
29 Tanikawa K, Hosoya Y, Koike T. Strain Aging Properties of Extra-low Carbon Bake Hardenable Cold Rolled Steel Sheets. NKK Technical Report,1994, 145:25-32
30王大勇.本钢冷轧厂单机架六辊可逆轧机技术装备及工艺[J].本钢技术,2007,(3)：18-21.
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