飞行人员基础训练阶段心理品质培养的研究
摘要
20世纪以来,随着现代科学技术和社会生产的飞速发展,特别是高新科技在军事领域的广泛应用,飞行人员在未来局部战争中的作用日益重要。未来战争不仅是军事、经济、外交等领域的殊死较量,也是交战双方心理和精神上的搏杀。空军在未来战争中将首当其冲,加强飞行人员心理研究,全面提高飞行人员的心理素质,立足打赢未来高技术条件下的局部战争,已成为空军建设的一项紧迫任务。因此,加强飞行人员的心理的研究和学习,对于全面提高飞行人员素质,提高战斗力,打赢未来高技术条件下的局部战争,有着十分重要的意义。本文针对飞行人员的职业:“责任大”、“难度大”、“风险大”的三大特点,客观的提出了当代飞行人员应具备的心理品质,以及在飞行员基础训练阶段心理品质训练的侧重点。使飞行人员在心理上能承受住战场上艰难困苦、瞬息万变的考验,保持积极而稳定的情绪和高昂的士气,打好高技术条件下局部战争,为祖国的国防事业打下坚实的基础。
本研究将对空军航空大学216名男飞行学员分为实验队和对照队,从入学就进行跟踪对比。通过研究表明,增加心理品质训练的学员对成才率优于对照队。
本研究的局限性在于:第一,由于研究条件所限,心里品质的测试值只是通过问卷得出;第二,本研究结束后,未能继续跟踪测评,所得到结论只是飞行学员的基础训练阶段的验证,为次作者期待在后续的扩展研究中得到进一步的完善。
Since 20th Century,with the rapidly development of modern scence and technology, especially new high-technology widely usad in military area, pilots will play an increasingly important role in the future local war. Future war is not only the life-and-death fight in military,economic and diplomatic areas,but also in mentality and spirit for both sides. Now that Air Force stands in the breach of future wars, it becomes one of the pressing tasks for Air Force to strengthen the research on pilot’s mentality for the purpose of winning in future local war under the condition of high-technology, which is in great importance. In accordance with the three characteristics of pilot’s profession-----high responsibility, high difficultcy and high risk, this thesis odjectively presents the mental qualities pilots must have and the stess of mental taining in pilot’s elementary training phase which enables pilots to endure the hardness and rapid changes in battle fied, keeping stable and active, winning local war under the condition of high-technology, so as to laying a solid foundation for our motherland’s national defense.
This research samples 216 male piots from Air Force Aviation University divided into two groups: one, experimental, and the other, comparison, which were tacked and compared from the entrance. The resulis of the research shows the rate of becoming copetent piots of the grup having psychological training is higher than that of the group without having.
The limitation of this research lies in; Firstly, because of the limitation of the research conditions, the result of testing is deducted by means of questionnaire and expressions. Secondly, there is no test running after this research, so that the conclusion is limited to the elementary training stage fof flight cadets, which needs improving in further researches.
本研究将对空军航空大学216名男飞行学员分为实验队和对照队,从入学就进行跟踪对比。通过研究表明,增加心理品质训练的学员对成才率优于对照队。
本研究的局限性在于:第一,由于研究条件所限,心里品质的测试值只是通过问卷得出;第二,本研究结束后,未能继续跟踪测评,所得到结论只是飞行学员的基础训练阶段的验证,为次作者期待在后续的扩展研究中得到进一步的完善。
Since 20th Century,with the rapidly development of modern scence and technology, especially new high-technology widely usad in military area, pilots will play an increasingly important role in the future local war. Future war is not only the life-and-death fight in military,economic and diplomatic areas,but also in mentality and spirit for both sides. Now that Air Force stands in the breach of future wars, it becomes one of the pressing tasks for Air Force to strengthen the research on pilot’s mentality for the purpose of winning in future local war under the condition of high-technology, which is in great importance. In accordance with the three characteristics of pilot’s profession-----high responsibility, high difficultcy and high risk, this thesis odjectively presents the mental qualities pilots must have and the stess of mental taining in pilot’s elementary training phase which enables pilots to endure the hardness and rapid changes in battle fied, keeping stable and active, winning local war under the condition of high-technology, so as to laying a solid foundation for our motherland’s national defense.
This research samples 216 male piots from Air Force Aviation University divided into two groups: one, experimental, and the other, comparison, which were tacked and compared from the entrance. The resulis of the research shows the rate of becoming copetent piots of the grup having psychological training is higher than that of the group without having.
The limitation of this research lies in; Firstly, because of the limitation of the research conditions, the result of testing is deducted by means of questionnaire and expressions. Secondly, there is no test running after this research, so that the conclusion is limited to the elementary training stage fof flight cadets, which needs improving in further researches.
引文
[01]徐绩良.航空体育[M].中国人民解放军空军司令部出版发行,2000
[02]宋占国,初教机结业学员间断期飞行模拟探讨[J],空军院校教育,2005,(3);13-14
[03]李大力,杨明,加强心理训练全面提高身体素质[J],长春飞行学院院报,2001,(3)8-9
[04]李晖,飞行教学要适应素质教育要求[J],空军航空大学学报2006,(5);3
[05]郝承明,加强战斗精神培育[J],空军航空大学学报,2005,(2);2
[06]王立恒,刘世华,提高学员综合素质造就合格人才[J],空军航空大学学报,2006,(1);3
[07]范月峰,谈飞行员心理素质的培养[J],军事飞行教育,2005,(3)8
[08]梁斌,何凯,飞行教员任职能力培养刍议[J],航空杂志,2007,(5);7-8
[09]李爱华,吴红松,浅谈加强飞行员心理训练[J],军事飞行教育,2007,(4);8
[10]韩云修,飞行员心理训练与保证飞行安全的探讨[J],航空大学学报,2007,(3);4
[11]牟永贵,飞行员个性心理差异与心理素质特色教育的选择[J],飞行教育,2006,(5);15
[12]王勇,浅议提高飞行员心理素质[M],飞行安全与心理,Aviation oct.2002
[13]孙景泰,我过现役飞行员心理品质模式的研究[J],健康心理杂志,2001,(3);9
[14]董建平,飞行员心理素质浅议[J],中国民航飞行学院学报,2003(4);14
[15]孙丽,体育与学生心理品质的培养和训练[M],音体美,2005.12
[16]牛继灵,心理素质及其在大学生成长过程中的作用[J],胜利油田师范学院学报,2001,(4);15
[17]周宗建,积极心理品质的培养[J],上海公安高等专科学报,2005,(5);15
[18]沈德村,提高飞行员空中应变处置能力的研究[J],空军航空大学学报,2005,(3);2
[19]刘国云,谈加强飞行指挥员心理品质培养[J],航空杂志,2005,(7)15
[20]何军,王茂,提高飞行员心理承受能力的初探[J],航空大学学报,2006,(6);3
[21]于建民,对飞行员心理训练规律的探索[J],航空杂志,2005,(8);9
[22]汪声达,浅谈飞行学员人格特点及教学对策[J],空军航空大学学报,2006,(2);3
[23]王煜蕙,飞行员心理应激反应的个性特征研究[J],航空军医,2001,(2);29
[24]向渝,航空体育与飞行员心理品质[J],武汉体育学院学报,2003,(5);37
[25]扬浩,浅析飞行学员心理品质训练途径[J],空军航空大学学报,2006,(4);3
[26]全国体育院校教材委员会审定[M].运动训练学.人民体育出版社,2000
[27]张力为、毛志雄.体育科学常用心理量表评定手册[M].北京体育大学出版社,2004
[28]朱春梅等,Maze测验在飞行员飞行能力评定上的效率分析[J].中华航空航天医学杂志,1999,(8);17
[29]黄希庭.心理学与人生[M].江苏:暨南大学出版社, 2005.1ISBN:7810793608.
[30]李山川.大学教育心理学[M].合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社, 1991. G640.
[31] http://www.plaaf.net/中国空军网
[32] http://www.cgw.cn/zhaofei/index.html空军招飞网
[33]Sahkian W.S.,Psychopathology Today(2nd ed),Illinois:Peacock Pub-lis,1979
[34]Davison G.C.and Neale,J.M.Abnormal Psychology:an Experimental Clinical Approach(4ed),New York:New Yiley,1986
[35]Cortis,G.A.(1985)Eighteen years on:how far can you go?Educational Reuiew,37.
[36]Fontana,D.(1989)Managing Stress. Leices:BPS Books(The British Psychological Society)and Routledge.
[37]Maliuchenko NV(1982),Sysoeva OV,Vediakov AM, Timofeeva MA,Portanova GV,Ivanitski AM,Tonevitski AG,Kirpichnikov MP
[38]Barefoot,J.C.,Dodge,K.A.,Peterson,B.L.,Dahlstrom,W.G.and Williams,R.B.(1989)TheCook-Medley hostili-ty scale:iten content and ability to predict survival.Psychoso-matic Medicine,45,59-63
[39]Bennett,N.,Desforges,C.,Cockburn,A.and Wilkinson,B.(1984)The Quality of Pupil Learning Experiences.London and New Jersey:Lawrence Erlbaum.
[40] Cheung F. , Leung K. , Zhang , J . X. , Sun , H. F. , Gan ,Y. Q. , Song , W. Z. , & Xie , D. I ndi genous Chinese per2sonal i t y const ructs : Is t he f ive 2 f actor model complete ? [J ]Journal of Cross 2 Cultural Psychology , 2001 , 32 , 4072433.
[41] Yang K. , Bond M. Ex ploring impl ici t personal i t y theorieswi t h indi genous or imported const ructs : The Chinese case[J ] , Journal of Personal ity and Social Psychology , Vol . 58 ,
[02]宋占国,初教机结业学员间断期飞行模拟探讨[J],空军院校教育,2005,(3);13-14
[03]李大力,杨明,加强心理训练全面提高身体素质[J],长春飞行学院院报,2001,(3)8-9
[04]李晖,飞行教学要适应素质教育要求[J],空军航空大学学报2006,(5);3
[05]郝承明,加强战斗精神培育[J],空军航空大学学报,2005,(2);2
[06]王立恒,刘世华,提高学员综合素质造就合格人才[J],空军航空大学学报,2006,(1);3
[07]范月峰,谈飞行员心理素质的培养[J],军事飞行教育,2005,(3)8
[08]梁斌,何凯,飞行教员任职能力培养刍议[J],航空杂志,2007,(5);7-8
[09]李爱华,吴红松,浅谈加强飞行员心理训练[J],军事飞行教育,2007,(4);8
[10]韩云修,飞行员心理训练与保证飞行安全的探讨[J],航空大学学报,2007,(3);4
[11]牟永贵,飞行员个性心理差异与心理素质特色教育的选择[J],飞行教育,2006,(5);15
[12]王勇,浅议提高飞行员心理素质[M],飞行安全与心理,Aviation oct.2002
[13]孙景泰,我过现役飞行员心理品质模式的研究[J],健康心理杂志,2001,(3);9
[14]董建平,飞行员心理素质浅议[J],中国民航飞行学院学报,2003(4);14
[15]孙丽,体育与学生心理品质的培养和训练[M],音体美,2005.12
[16]牛继灵,心理素质及其在大学生成长过程中的作用[J],胜利油田师范学院学报,2001,(4);15
[17]周宗建,积极心理品质的培养[J],上海公安高等专科学报,2005,(5);15
[18]沈德村,提高飞行员空中应变处置能力的研究[J],空军航空大学学报,2005,(3);2
[19]刘国云,谈加强飞行指挥员心理品质培养[J],航空杂志,2005,(7)15
[20]何军,王茂,提高飞行员心理承受能力的初探[J],航空大学学报,2006,(6);3
[21]于建民,对飞行员心理训练规律的探索[J],航空杂志,2005,(8);9
[22]汪声达,浅谈飞行学员人格特点及教学对策[J],空军航空大学学报,2006,(2);3
[23]王煜蕙,飞行员心理应激反应的个性特征研究[J],航空军医,2001,(2);29
[24]向渝,航空体育与飞行员心理品质[J],武汉体育学院学报,2003,(5);37
[25]扬浩,浅析飞行学员心理品质训练途径[J],空军航空大学学报,2006,(4);3
[26]全国体育院校教材委员会审定[M].运动训练学.人民体育出版社,2000
[27]张力为、毛志雄.体育科学常用心理量表评定手册[M].北京体育大学出版社,2004
[28]朱春梅等,Maze测验在飞行员飞行能力评定上的效率分析[J].中华航空航天医学杂志,1999,(8);17
[29]黄希庭.心理学与人生[M].江苏:暨南大学出版社, 2005.1ISBN:7810793608.
[30]李山川.大学教育心理学[M].合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社, 1991. G640.
[31] http://www.plaaf.net/中国空军网
[32] http://www.cgw.cn/zhaofei/index.html空军招飞网
[33]Sahkian W.S.,Psychopathology Today(2nd ed),Illinois:Peacock Pub-lis,1979
[34]Davison G.C.and Neale,J.M.Abnormal Psychology:an Experimental Clinical Approach(4ed),New York:New Yiley,1986
[35]Cortis,G.A.(1985)Eighteen years on:how far can you go?Educational Reuiew,37.
[36]Fontana,D.(1989)Managing Stress. Leices:BPS Books(The British Psychological Society)and Routledge.
[37]Maliuchenko NV(1982),Sysoeva OV,Vediakov AM, Timofeeva MA,Portanova GV,Ivanitski AM,Tonevitski AG,Kirpichnikov MP
[38]Barefoot,J.C.,Dodge,K.A.,Peterson,B.L.,Dahlstrom,W.G.and Williams,R.B.(1989)TheCook-Medley hostili-ty scale:iten content and ability to predict survival.Psychoso-matic Medicine,45,59-63
[39]Bennett,N.,Desforges,C.,Cockburn,A.and Wilkinson,B.(1984)The Quality of Pupil Learning Experiences.London and New Jersey:Lawrence Erlbaum.
[40] Cheung F. , Leung K. , Zhang , J . X. , Sun , H. F. , Gan ,Y. Q. , Song , W. Z. , & Xie , D. I ndi genous Chinese per2sonal i t y const ructs : Is t he f ive 2 f actor model complete ? [J ]Journal of Cross 2 Cultural Psychology , 2001 , 32 , 4072433.
[41] Yang K. , Bond M. Ex ploring impl ici t personal i t y theorieswi t h indi genous or imported const ructs : The Chinese case[J ] , Journal of Personal ity and Social Psychology , Vol . 58 ,