跨国办学的理论与实践研究
|
摘要
随着经济全球化和高等教育国际化的进一步发展,高等教育已经不仅限于满足本国需求,为了不断满足世界对高等教育的需求,跨国高等教育活动日渐增长,对这一领域的研究也逐渐增多,跨国办学是其重要组成部分之一。
本研究试图从对跨国办学的历史轨迹的探求开始,了解跨国办学发展的过程及其新的走向,在历史这个平台上,透视推动跨国办学发展诸多因素的合力,为进一步的理论分析提供历史的视角和现实的铺垫。通过动因分析,我们发现,跨国办学受到经济全球化、信息化,国家发展,大学自身发展和国际组织的倡导和推动几种合力的作用,并在其相互作用下不断向前发展。世贸组织将高等教育纳入到服务贸易范围中,赋予了跨国办学在新的发展形式下新的内涵。从贸易的角度入手对其进行理论探讨,是继动因分析后对理论探讨的继续和深化,也为对跨国办学进行实践分析奠定了一定的基础,以便加深对跨国办学形式的理解。本研究尝试对跨国办学的形式做一个基本的勾勒,并结合案例着重探讨海外办学、公司大学和虚拟大学几种发展较为迅速的跨国办学形式。通过对跨国办学实践问题的分析,本研究概括出跨国办学发展面临的问题,并以“问题”为主线,进行比较研究和分析,从法律和政策、组织和质量保障方面阐述保障跨国办学顺利开展的措施,以为我国跨国办学的实践提供参考。面对高等教育这一新趋势的发展,我们要积极应对,本研究在对跨国办学进行制约理论和实践分析的基础上,概括出制约跨国办学发展的有关瓶颈,从我国跨国办学发展的现状出发,探讨应该正确认识和处理的若干问题并对我国跨国办学发展提出一些建议。
本研究共分六章。
第一章概述跨国办学的历史演变并分析其发展趋势。本研究按照历史的逻辑,结合跨国办学这一高等教育事物发展的特殊性,将其发展过程分为萌芽、初创和大发展三个阶段。对每个阶段的发展进行论述并归纳其发展特点,在对历史发展研究的基础上,讨论跨国办学发展的新趋势:传统高等教育机构与专门化培训机构的融合;跨国办学的多样化发展;营利性机构的数量不断增长;“外国”和“本土” 高等教育机构之间的界限模糊。
第二章主要分析跨国办学的动因。本章从现实社会发展的大背景入手,逐一讨论推动跨国办学发展的四个因素:经济全球化、信息化的发展需求;信息化的发展需求;国家发展的需求;大学自身发展的需求以及国际组织的倡导和推动,力求通过这样一个视角来揭示社会各因素和高等教育自身因素等合力对跨国办学发展的作用。
第三章是在第二章的基础上对跨国办学探讨的进一步深化。WTO将贸易服务规则延伸到教育上,在法律上将高等教育纳入到服务贸易之中,为跨国办学的进一步发展提供了契机。本章主要是从贸易的角度来加深对跨国办学的理论探讨,首先从国际教育服务贸易理论入手,对跨国办学的发展进行一定的理论
Under the development of globalization and internationalization of higher education, higher education now is taking the main task to meet the need from society not only in national context but also in international context. With the transnational activities rising, many institutions, organizations and scholars are doing more and more researches in this area, which contains school running of transnational higher education.This paper is comprised of six chapters.Chapter 1 shows a historical review of transnational school running of higher institutions. In the historical context, the development of transnational schooling running of higher institutions is classified as three periods with their features highlighted respectively. On the basis of the historical discussion, the new face of transnational school running of higher institutions is concerned. First, the correspondence between educational institutions and specific kinds of studies is no longer clear-cut: educational institutions no longer confine themselves to degree-granting education or private educational providers to professional training. Second, transnational school running of higher institutions has led to the multiplication of partnerships, both traditional academic partnerships and new types. Third, the number of for-profit provision and partnerships has grown significantly. Fourthly, the growing importance of partnerships in transnational school running of higher institutions puts the very notions of "foreign" and "domestic" in a haze.Chapter 2 discusses the rationales of the driven factors of transnational school running of higher institutions at four levels: international, regional, national and the university. The outside driven forces for transnational school running of higher education come from the development of economic globalization and information, the push from national development, and the promotion from the international organization such as UNESCO and OECD. The inside force results from the pressure of higher institutions themselves. In order to get advantages in the competitive education market, they must take pains to get experiences of transnational providing.Chapter 3 concentrates on the theoretical review of development of transnational school running of higher institutions based on chapter 2. WTO and GATS moved higher education to their framework, which promoted the advancement of school running of higher institutions. This section defines the theoretical foundation of transnational school running of higher institutions from the theory of trade educational service and market entry mode. For higher education is a special trade service, it can use two modes to compete. That is neighboring area mode and alien mode.Chapter 4 explores the main forms of transnational school running of higher
institutions presently. Four main forms are discussed in this section, which are twinning programme, branch campus, franchising and on-line learning. The same characters of these forms are transnational, diversity, mobility and internet-provided. Among the above forms, branch campus, corporate university and virtual university have gained rapidly improvement around the world. This section tries to show their development and features with detailed case studies in order to examine their experiences especially the benefits and drawbacks.Chapter 5 points to some policies, especially the regulations, laws and quality assurance that may help reap the benefits of transnational school running of higher institutions while minimizing its risks. It firstly analyses the problems faced with transnational providers, which are concerned about the recognition, the quality assurance, diploma recognition, credits transfer, as well as the cultural adaptability. Secondly, it discusses the international standard for higher education lay out by UNESCO, the leading international organization in education provision. Meanwhile, some regulations or laws promulgated by some sending or receiving countries are presented. Lastly, this chapter does the further discussions on quality as
本研究试图从对跨国办学的历史轨迹的探求开始,了解跨国办学发展的过程及其新的走向,在历史这个平台上,透视推动跨国办学发展诸多因素的合力,为进一步的理论分析提供历史的视角和现实的铺垫。通过动因分析,我们发现,跨国办学受到经济全球化、信息化,国家发展,大学自身发展和国际组织的倡导和推动几种合力的作用,并在其相互作用下不断向前发展。世贸组织将高等教育纳入到服务贸易范围中,赋予了跨国办学在新的发展形式下新的内涵。从贸易的角度入手对其进行理论探讨,是继动因分析后对理论探讨的继续和深化,也为对跨国办学进行实践分析奠定了一定的基础,以便加深对跨国办学形式的理解。本研究尝试对跨国办学的形式做一个基本的勾勒,并结合案例着重探讨海外办学、公司大学和虚拟大学几种发展较为迅速的跨国办学形式。通过对跨国办学实践问题的分析,本研究概括出跨国办学发展面临的问题,并以“问题”为主线,进行比较研究和分析,从法律和政策、组织和质量保障方面阐述保障跨国办学顺利开展的措施,以为我国跨国办学的实践提供参考。面对高等教育这一新趋势的发展,我们要积极应对,本研究在对跨国办学进行制约理论和实践分析的基础上,概括出制约跨国办学发展的有关瓶颈,从我国跨国办学发展的现状出发,探讨应该正确认识和处理的若干问题并对我国跨国办学发展提出一些建议。
本研究共分六章。
第一章概述跨国办学的历史演变并分析其发展趋势。本研究按照历史的逻辑,结合跨国办学这一高等教育事物发展的特殊性,将其发展过程分为萌芽、初创和大发展三个阶段。对每个阶段的发展进行论述并归纳其发展特点,在对历史发展研究的基础上,讨论跨国办学发展的新趋势:传统高等教育机构与专门化培训机构的融合;跨国办学的多样化发展;营利性机构的数量不断增长;“外国”和“本土” 高等教育机构之间的界限模糊。
第二章主要分析跨国办学的动因。本章从现实社会发展的大背景入手,逐一讨论推动跨国办学发展的四个因素:经济全球化、信息化的发展需求;信息化的发展需求;国家发展的需求;大学自身发展的需求以及国际组织的倡导和推动,力求通过这样一个视角来揭示社会各因素和高等教育自身因素等合力对跨国办学发展的作用。
第三章是在第二章的基础上对跨国办学探讨的进一步深化。WTO将贸易服务规则延伸到教育上,在法律上将高等教育纳入到服务贸易之中,为跨国办学的进一步发展提供了契机。本章主要是从贸易的角度来加深对跨国办学的理论探讨,首先从国际教育服务贸易理论入手,对跨国办学的发展进行一定的理论
Under the development of globalization and internationalization of higher education, higher education now is taking the main task to meet the need from society not only in national context but also in international context. With the transnational activities rising, many institutions, organizations and scholars are doing more and more researches in this area, which contains school running of transnational higher education.This paper is comprised of six chapters.Chapter 1 shows a historical review of transnational school running of higher institutions. In the historical context, the development of transnational schooling running of higher institutions is classified as three periods with their features highlighted respectively. On the basis of the historical discussion, the new face of transnational school running of higher institutions is concerned. First, the correspondence between educational institutions and specific kinds of studies is no longer clear-cut: educational institutions no longer confine themselves to degree-granting education or private educational providers to professional training. Second, transnational school running of higher institutions has led to the multiplication of partnerships, both traditional academic partnerships and new types. Third, the number of for-profit provision and partnerships has grown significantly. Fourthly, the growing importance of partnerships in transnational school running of higher institutions puts the very notions of "foreign" and "domestic" in a haze.Chapter 2 discusses the rationales of the driven factors of transnational school running of higher institutions at four levels: international, regional, national and the university. The outside driven forces for transnational school running of higher education come from the development of economic globalization and information, the push from national development, and the promotion from the international organization such as UNESCO and OECD. The inside force results from the pressure of higher institutions themselves. In order to get advantages in the competitive education market, they must take pains to get experiences of transnational providing.Chapter 3 concentrates on the theoretical review of development of transnational school running of higher institutions based on chapter 2. WTO and GATS moved higher education to their framework, which promoted the advancement of school running of higher institutions. This section defines the theoretical foundation of transnational school running of higher institutions from the theory of trade educational service and market entry mode. For higher education is a special trade service, it can use two modes to compete. That is neighboring area mode and alien mode.Chapter 4 explores the main forms of transnational school running of higher
institutions presently. Four main forms are discussed in this section, which are twinning programme, branch campus, franchising and on-line learning. The same characters of these forms are transnational, diversity, mobility and internet-provided. Among the above forms, branch campus, corporate university and virtual university have gained rapidly improvement around the world. This section tries to show their development and features with detailed case studies in order to examine their experiences especially the benefits and drawbacks.Chapter 5 points to some policies, especially the regulations, laws and quality assurance that may help reap the benefits of transnational school running of higher institutions while minimizing its risks. It firstly analyses the problems faced with transnational providers, which are concerned about the recognition, the quality assurance, diploma recognition, credits transfer, as well as the cultural adaptability. Secondly, it discusses the international standard for higher education lay out by UNESCO, the leading international organization in education provision. Meanwhile, some regulations or laws promulgated by some sending or receiving countries are presented. Lastly, this chapter does the further discussions on quality as
引文
1.北京大学校长办公室编.21世纪的大学:北京大学百年校庆召开的高等教育论坛论文集[C].北京:北京大学出版社,1999.
2.伯顿·克拉克主编.王承绪译.探究的场所——现代大学的科研和研究生教育[M].杭州:浙江教育出版社,2001.
3.陈彬.知识经济与大学办校模式改革研究[M].武汉:华中师范大学出版社,2002.
4.陈东.开放教育[M].上海:上海教育出版社,2001.
5.陈明森.市场进入退出与企业竞争战略[M].北京:中国经济出版社,2001.
6.陈贤忠.世界贸易组织与高等教育[M].合肥:安徽大学出版社,2002.
7.陈宪主编.国际服务贸易:原理、政策、产业[M].上海:立信会计出版社,2000.
8.陈学飞主编.高等教育国际化:跨世纪的大趋势[M].福州:福建教育出版社,2002.
9.戴晓霞,莫家豪,谢安邦主编.高等教育市场化[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2004.
10.戴晓霞.大学理念与模式的演变[A].刊于戴晓霞著.高等教育的大众化与市场化[M].台北:扬智文化事业有限公司2000.
11.戴晓霞.高等教育与市场导向:新世纪的挑战与展望[A],两岸大学教育学术研讨会论文集[C].厦门:厦门大学出版社,1998.
12.丹尼尔著,丁兴富译.巨型大学和知识媒体:发展高等教育的技术战略[M].北京:中央广播大学出版社,2000.
13.菲利普·G·阿特巴赫.比较高等教育:知识、大学与发展[M].北京:人民教育出版社,2000.
14.冯增俊,卢晓中.战后东盟教育研究[M].南昌:江西教育出版社,1996.
15.傅江景著.国际贸易理论与政策[M].北京:中国财政经济出版社,2002.
16.顾明远主编,菲利普·库姆斯著,赵宝恒、李环译.世界教育危机[M].北京:人民教育出版社,2001.
17.国家教育发展研究中心编著.2004年中国教育绿皮书[M].北京:教育科学出版社,2004.
18.国家教育发展研究中心专题组.WTO对我国教育的影响与对策分析:2002年中国教育绿皮书——中国教育政策年度分析报告[M].北京:教育科学出版社,2001.
19.哈里斯.内生学习和经济增长[A].教育经济学国际百科全书[Z].北京:高等教育出版社,2000.
20.哈耶克.个人主义与经济秩序[M].北京:北京经济学院出版社,1989.
21.候定凯.高等教育社会学[M].桂林:广西师范大学出版社,2004.
22.黄富顺.比较成人教育[M].台北:台湾五南图书出版公司,1988.
23.黄少军.服务业与经济增长[M].北京:经济科学出版社,2000.
24.江小涓,杨圣明.中国对外经贸理论前沿Ⅱ[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2001.
25.教育部国际合作与交流司.国外高等教育调研报告[M].北京:首都师范大学出版社,2001
26.金重远.战后世界史[M].上海:复旦大学出版社,1995.
27.克拉克·克尔著,王承绪译.高等教育不能回避历史——21世纪的问题[M].杭州:浙江教育出版社,2001.
28.李家永.当今英国教育概览[M].郑州:河南教育出版社,1994.
29.联合国教科文组织.教育:财富蕴藏其中[M].北京:教育科学出版社,1996.
30.卢进勇,虞和军等.国际服务贸易与跨国公司[M].北京:对外经济贸易大学出版社,2002.
31.马克思恩格斯全集(26卷)第1册[M].北京:人民出版社,1979.
32.乔玉全编著.21世纪美国高等教育[M].北京:高等教育出版社.2000.
33.曲恒昌,曾晓东.西方教育经济学研究[M].北京:北京师范大学出版社,2000.
34.沈金荣.国外成人教育概论[M].上海:上海科技教育出版社,1997.
35.世界贸易组织秘书处.贸易走向未来《世界贸易组织(WTO)概要》[M].北京:法律出版社,2001.
36.唐安国.说教育主权[A].顾春.学校法制教育基础[C].北京:知识出版社,1998.
37.陶明,吴申元.服务贸易学[M].太原:山西经济出版社,2001.
38.特伦斯.基莱著,王耀德等译.科学研究的经济定律[M].石家庄:河北科学技术出版社,2002.
39.滕大春主编.外国教育通史(第二卷)[M].济南:山东教育出版社,1989.
40.田正平.国际视野中的高等教育[M]航州:浙江大学出版社,2002.
41.王培根主编.高等教育经济学[M].北京:经济管理出版社,2004.
42.王啸.全球化与中国教育[M].成都:四川人民出版社,2002.
43.王延芳主编.美国高等教育史[M].福州:福建教育出版社,1995.
44.王一兵.高等教育大众化、国际化、网络化和法人化:国际比较的视角[M].昆明:云南大学出版社,2002.
45.王英杰.美国高等教育的发展与改革[M].北京:人民教育出版社,1993.
46.卫道治.中外教育交流史[M].长沙:湖南教育出版社,1998.
47.吴松,沈紫金.WTO与中国高等教育发展[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,2002.
48.谢安邦主编.高等教育学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000.
49.徐立青主编.国际贸易实用教程[M].上海:复旦大学出版社,2003.
50.薛天翔主编.WTO与中国教育[M].北京:中国青年出版社,2001.
51.薛天翔主编.高等教育学[M].桂林:广西师范大学出版社,2001.
52.杨德广.现代高等教育思想探索[M].北京:人民教育出版社,2001.
53.杨德广.现代教育理念专论[M].北京:人民教育出版社,2004.
54.杨德新.跨国经营与跨国公司[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2000.
55.于富增.国际高等教育发展与改革比较[M].北京:北京师范大学出版社,1999.
56.张汉林.国际服务贸易[M].北京:中国对外经济贸易出版社,2002.
57.张泰金.英国的高等教育:历史、现状[M].上海:上海外语教育出版社,1995.
58.张铁明.教育产业论——教育与经济增长关系的新视角[M].广州:广东高等教育出版社,2002.
59.张新生.英国成人教育史[M].济南:山东教育出版社,1993.
60.张志国.信息战略:争夺21世纪制高点[M].北京:军事科学出版社,2003.
61.赵伟主编.国际贸易:理论政策与现实问题[M].大连:东北财经大学出版社,2004.
62.赵中建.全球教育发展的研究热点:90年代来自联合国教科文组织的报告[M].北京:教育科学出版社,1999.
63.周健临.新编国际企业管理[M].上海:立信会计出版社,1995.
1.安德鲁斯·巴巴兰.高等教育的国际供给:大学需要《服务贸易总协定》吗?[J].全球教育展望,2003(3).
2.安钰峰.澳大利亚加快高等教育国际化步伐[J].世界教育信息,2001(6).
3.毕家驹.进入21世纪的英国高等教育质量保证体系[J].交通高教研究,2004(4).
4.蔡永莲.全球化趋势对高等教育的影响——关于国际合作办学的一点思考[J].教育发展研究2002(6).
5.曹为忠,詹雪兰,李文瑞,陈旭铭.进入模式、产业环境、以及厂商特性对厂商海外市场经营绩效之影响[J].企业管理学报,1991(54).
6.成刚.对我国留学经济分析[J].教育科学,2003(5).
7.程大中,陈宪.服务贸易理论研究:现实基础、总体状况及初步设想[J].上海经济研究,2000(12).
8.从统计数字看世界高等教育[J].教育参考资料,2000(1-2).
9.董秀华.从网上看国外虚拟大学[J].教育发展研究,2002(5).
10.董秀华.美国教育贸易谈判建议[J].教育参考,2001(10).
11.菲利普·G·阿特巴赫.全球化驱动下的高等教育与WTO[J].比较教育研究,2002(11).
12.菲利普·G·阿特巴赫.作为国际商品的知识和教育:国家共同利益的消解[J].江苏高教,2003(4).
13.菲利普·G·阿特巴赫著,肖地生译.留学方式的变化与竞争[J].世界教育信息,2003(7-8).
14.国家教委电教办远教考察组.英国开放大学印象[J].中国电大教育,1998(5).
15.国外网络教育概览[N].2000-11-05.
16.黄静波.新自由主义贸易政策论及其演进[J].经济学动态,2003(11).
17.加入WTO对我国教育事业的挑战及对策.世界教育信息[J].2000(6).
18.姜波.日本高等教育发展进程中的几个特征[J].外国教育研究,2002(1).
19.蒋大可.试论来华留学生教育的现状与创新[J].暨南学报(哲学社会科学),2000(5).
20.靳希斌.国际教育服务贸易研究——规则解读与我国的承诺[J].北京师范大学学报(社会科学版),2004(1).
21.克里斯蒂安·科梅利奧.全球化的挑战[J].教育展望,1998(1).
22.拉贾·罗伊·辛格.为适应变化中的世界而变革教育[J].教育展望,1993(1).
23.黎安琪著,祝怀新、应起翔译.无边界高等教育及其资格认证[J].高等教育研究,2002(1).
24.黎琳.无边界高等教育的教育理想[J].复旦教育论坛,2003(4).
25.李欣广,刘华.国际服务贸易竞争优势研究[J].改革与战略,1998(1).
26.刘凡丰.远程教育冲击下的高等教育结构[J].开放教育研究,2002,(1).
27.刘林森.网络教育渐成全球趋势[J].中国远程教育,2003,(12).
28.栾信杰WTO教育服务贸易规则与我国的政策选择[J].外国经济与管理,2002(7).
29.罗纳德.斯凯尔顿.亚太地区跨国移民之动向[J].国际社会科学杂志,2001(8).
30.莫纪平.加入WTO与我国高等教育贸易发展对策[J].教育探索,2002(3).
31.倪世雄,蔡翠红.西方全球化新论探讨[J].国际观察,2001(3).
32.潘发勤.英国高等教育:优势、挑战与对策[J].比较教育研究,2004(2).
33.上海市教育科学研究院《国际教育服务贸易》专题研究组.国际教育服务贸易的最新进履[J].教育发展研究,2002(7-8).
34.数字商业时代.2003(2).
35.斯蒂芬·卡斯尔斯.21世纪初的国际移民:全球性的趋势和问题[J].国际社会科学杂志,2001(8).
36.覃壮才.入世后中国教育服务的比较优势分析(上)[J].比较教育研究,2002(7).
37.提姆·马扎罗尔,杰弗里·诺曼·苏塔,米歇尔·S.Y.Seng著,李良成译.第三次浪潮:国际教育的未来趋势[J].比较教育研究,2003(11).
38.涂潇枫等.论国家主权的当代发展与理性选择[J].航州:浙江大学学报(人文社会科学版),2001(2).
39.汪怿.简论公司大学[J].继续教育研究,2004(3).
40.王建香.如何在开放教育市场中维护教育主权[J].开放教育研究,2002(4).
41.王剑波.跨国高等教育理论与中国的实践[D].华东师范大学博士论文,2004,4.
42.王留栓.从世界现代远程教育看中国的虚拟大学[J].比较教育研究,2002(3).
43.王留栓.高等教育的国际化及其中国特色之路[J].上海高教研究,1998(3).
44.王留栓.欧盟国家的高等教育国际化[J].外国教育研究,2000(2).
45.王留栓.试论日本的高等教育国际化[J].江汉大学学报,1995(1).
46.王伟.美国营利性教育机构制度环境分析[D].北京师范大学博士论文,2002,4.
47.王向东.现代美国企业发展教育的新特点[J].教育研究,1993(6).
48.王英杰,高益民.高等教育的国际化[J].清华大学教育研究,2000(2).
49.魏道培.凤凰大学:标新立异的办学模式[J].教育与职业,1998,(12).
50.乌利希·泰希勒著,陈洪捷译.欧洲化国际化全球化——高等学校何处去?[J].北京大学教育评论,2003(1).
51.伍慧萍.德国高等教育国际化的政策框架及措施分析[J].德国研究,2000(2).
52.夏人青,张民选.高等教育国际化:从政治影响到服务贸易[J].教育发展研究.2004(2).
53.解飞厚.论高等教育贸易[J].科技导报,2001(11).
54.熊庆年,王修娥.高等教育国际贸易市场的形成与分割[J].教育发展研究,2001(9).
55.徐广宇.试论WTO背景下的国家教育主权问题[J].教育研究,2002(8).
56.徐颖.浅析新加坡高等教育的国际化发展战略[J].浙江师范大学学报(社会科学版),2003(3).
57.雅戈.新留学签证政策得到积极反馈——赴澳留学签证政策新闻发布会侧记[J].21世纪.2001(10).
58.严新平.英国高等教育质量评估机制及其启示[J].国家教育行政学院学报,2004(3).
59. 杨大轴.服务贸易总协定、国民待遇与住过教育及来华留学教育[J].教育科研参考,2001(9).
60. 杨德广,王勤.从经济全球化到教育国际化的思考[J].教学研究,2000(4).
61. 杨德广,张兴.建立一主多元的高等教育办校模式[J].教育发展研究.2001(2).
62. 易红郡.虚拟大学:美国现代远程教育的重要途径[J].中国成人教育,2003(1).
63. 余华,李莉.教育服务贸易自由化与中国教育发展[J].嘉应大学学报(哲学社会科学),2003(5).
64. 俞可.欧洲高等教育一体化进程初探[J].复旦教育论坛,200(1).
65. 约翰·丹尼尔.开放大学在新世纪面临的挑战[J].中国远程教育,2001(1).
66. 张光.我国虚拟大学的构建[J].计算机工程,2000(第26卷).
67. 张国忠.抢夺留学生:一场没有硝烟的战争[J].国际人才交流,2001(4).
68. 张竞,管晓永.国外公司大学的产学研结合创新与启示[J].科技进步与对策,2002(5).
69. 张力.我国加入世贸组织后教育面对的机遇与挑战[J].思想理论教育战线,2002(11).
70. 张民选.澳大利亚:迅速崛起的教育出口大国[J].教育发展研究,2003(11).
71. 张秋萍,谢仁业.跨国合作办学的国际比较[J].教育发展研究,2002(9).
72. 张务一.再论国际留学生市场[J].外国教育资料,1997(3).
73. 张晓.中国留英学生缘何大量增加[N].光明日报,2000-8-16.
74. 张兴.马来西亚高等教育发展的趋势、问题及对策[J].江苏高教,2002(1).
75. 张亚群.全球化中高等教育改革的重要参数——海峡两岸入世后的文化取向[J].复旦教育论坛,2004(2).
76. 章新胜.加入世贸组织与我国高等教育的对策[J].国家高级教育行政学院学报,2002(1).
77. 赵婷婷.教育观念对政府与大学关系的影响[J].上海高教研究,1998(6).
78. 赵叶珠.欧洲高等教育区建设的背景进程与意义[J].比较教育研究,2003(7).
79. 赵中建.无边界的高等教育——英国伦敦大学教育学院黎安琪教授[J].全球教育展望,2002(1).
80. 周简树.世界成人高等教育发展纲要[J].成人高等教育研究,1998(3).
81. 周满生.国际教育服务贸易的新趋向及对策思考[J].教育研究,2003(1).
82. 周南照.全球化对教育发展的若干影响:观点和实例[R].全国比较教育学会2004年会,2004.
83. 朱晓斌WTO法律框架中的“教育服务”[J].教育与职业,2002(10).
84. 朱雪文.英国开放大学的管理概述[J].开放教育研究,1992(2-3).
85. 邹亚军.大学国际合作与交流面.临的挑战与对策[J].高等教育国际化,2002(2).
1. "Australian University in Vietnam will Focus on Online Instruction." Chronicle of Higher Education 16 June 2000: A39.
2. Allen, M. (2002). The Corporate University Handbook: Designing, Managing, and Growing a Successful Program, AMACOM: American Management Association.
3. Altbach, P. (2000). Private Higher Education: Themes and Variations in Comparative Perspective. International Higher Education, March.
4. Altbach, P. (1998). Comparative Higher Education: Knowledge, the University, and Development. Greenwich, CT: Ablex Publishing Corporation.
5. Aitbach, P. (ed.) (1991). International Higher Education. New York and London, Garland Publishing. 314.
6. Altbach, P. and Selvaratnam, Viswanathan (Eds.) (1989). From Dependence to Autonomy: The Development of Asian Universities. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Kluwer.
7. Aoki, K. & Pogroszewski, D. (1998). Virtual University Reference Model: A Guide to Delivering Education and Support Services to the Distance Learner, Online Journal of Distance Learning Administration. 1:3.
8. Asa S. Knowles (1977). The International Encyclopedia of Higher Education. Jossey-Bass Publishers, San Francisco. 2293-2294.
9. Ashby, Eric (1964). Universities: British, Indian, Africa. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
10. Baranshamaje, E. (1995). The African Virtual University, Concept, paper, Washington, D. C. World Bank.
11. Barbara B. Bum (1980). Expanding the International Dimension of Higher Education, Jossey-Bass Publishers.
12. Bartolic, S. & Bates, A. (1999). Investing in Online Learning: Potential Benefits and Limitations, Canadian Journal of Communication 24, 349-366.
13. Bell, M. et al (2002) Universities Online: a survey of online education & services in Australia, Canberra, Department for Education, Science & Training.
14. Beth McMurtrie (2001). "Community Colleges Become a Force in Developing Nations Worldwide," Chronicle of Higher Education, 25 May.
15. Blumenstyk, G. (2003). "Spanning the Globe: Higher Education Companies Take their Turf Battles Overseas", Chronicle of Higher Education, June 27, Vol. 49, Issue 42, p. A21, http://chronicle.com/cgi2-bin/printable-verity.cgi.
16. Bohm, A., Davis, D., Meares, D. and Pearce, D. (2002). Global Student Mobility 2025: Forecasts of the Global Demand for International Higher Education. Canberra: IDP Education Australia.
17. British Council. Prime Minister Launches Drive to Attract More International Students June, 18, 1999.
18. Chronicle March 14, 2003.
19. Chronicle. June 27, 2003. In Chile, a Fast-Growing University, Owned by Sylvan, Produces Profits and Scorn.
20. Committee of Vice Chancellors and Principals (2000). The business of borderless education: UK perspectives (Vols. 1-3). London: Author.
21. Cunningham, S., Ryan, Y., Stedman, L., Tapsall, S., Bagdon, K., Flew, T., & Coaldrake, P. (2000). The business of borderless education. Canberra, ACT: Department of Education, Training, and Youth Affairs.
22. Cunningham, S., Tapsall, S., Ryan, Y., Stedman, L., Bagdon, K., & Flew, T. (1998). New media and borderless education: A review of the convergence between global media networks and higher education provision. Canberra, ACT: Department of Employment, Education, Training, and Youth Affairs.
23. CVCP/HEFCE. (2000a).The Business of Borderless Education: UK perspectives: mary report. London, The Committee of Vice-Chancellors and Principals of the Universities of the UK.
24. Dawkins, J., Australian Minister for Education, Employment and Training (1988). Higher Education: A Government Policy Statement, Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.
25. De Ridder Symoens, H. (ed.) (1996). University in Early Modern Europe (1500-1800). Cambridge: Cambridge University.
26. De Wit, H. (2002). Internationalization of Higher Education in the United States of America and Europe, Greenwood Press, Westport, CN.
27. Denis Blight, "Partnership in International Education: Tautology or Oxymoron?'" Paper presented at the International Conference on Off-Shore Partnership: Twinning Arrangement in Tertiary Education, in Penang, 15-17 November 1997. Cited in Molly N.N. Lee, Private Higher Education in Malaysia. Monograph Series No: 2/1999, Penang, Malaysia: School of Educational Studies, University Sains Malaysia, 1999.59.
28. Densford, L. (1999). "Many CUs under Development", Corporate University Review, 7(1).
29. Department of Education, Training and Youth Affairs, Higher Education Division (2002). Quality of Australian Higher Education, Institutional Quality Assurance and Improvement Plans for the 2002-2004 Triennium.
30. Don Smart and Crace Ang. The Internationalization of Australian Higher Education. International Higher Education. http://www.bc.edu/bc-org/avp/soe/cihe and http://aei,detya.gov.au/general/publications.
31. Erramilli, M., Rao, C. (1993). Service Firms' International Entry-mode Choice: A Modified Transaction Cost Approach. Journal of Marketing. 57(3):19-43.
32. Global Alliance for Transnational Education (1997). GATE, Vol. 1, 2, 3.
33. Global Alliance for Transnational Education (1997). Principles for Transnational Education.
34. Global Alliance for Transnational Education, The GATE Certification Process, Web site: http://www.edugate.org, up to 1998.
35. Hawthorne, E. M, Libby, P. A., Nash, N. S. (1983). The Emergence of Corporate College. Journal of Continuing Higher Education.
36. HESA. Higher Education Statistics Agency. www.hesa.ac.uk. Student Mobility on the Map: Tertiary Education Interchange in the Commonwealth on the Threshold of the 21st Century , Published by UKCOSA, The Council for International Education.
37. Hong Kong Council for Academic Accreditation (1997). Information Sheet on the Implementation of the Non-local.
38. IDP Education Australia, IDP (2002). data base on international education.
39. K. H. Hanson, J. W. Meyerson (1995). International Challenges to American Colleges and Universities, American Council on Education. 23.
40. Keating, P., Prime Minister of Australia (1995). Advancing Australia, collected speeches, edited by Mark Ryan, Big Picture Publications, Sydney. 187-224.
41. Kerrey, B. (2000). The Power of the Internet for Learning: Moving from Promise to Practice. The Webbased Education Commission. Washington DC.
42. Khan (2000). Web-Based Training. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Educational Technology Publications.
43. Kim, W., Hwang, P. (1992). Global Strategy and Multinationals' Entry Mode Choice. Journal of International Business Studies, First Quarter: 29-54.
44. Knight, J. (1997). Internationalization of Higher Education: a conceptual framework, in J. Knight & H. De Wit (Eds) Internationalization of Higher Education in Asia Pacific Countries, 5-19. Amsterdam: European Association for International Education.
45. Knight, J. (2003). "GATS, Trade and higher Education. Perspective 2003: Where Are We?" Observatory on Borderless Higher EducationReport No. 15, May 2003. URL: www.obhe.ac.uk/products/reports.
46. Knight, J., & DeWit, H. (1995). Strategies for internationalization of higher education: Historical and Conceptual Perspectives. In H. deWit (Ed.), Strategies for internationalization of higher education, 5-32. Amsterdam: European Association for International Education Publications.
47. Krauth, B. (1999). Distance Learning: The Instructional Strategy of the Decade. In: G P. Connich (Ed.). The Distance Learners' Guide. Upper Saddler River, NJ: Prelice-Hall.
48. Krueger, Anne O. (1997). Trade Policy and Economic Development: How We Learn. American Economic Review, Vol. 87. No. 1. 1-22.
49. Larsen, K. & Vubcebl-Lanerin, S. (2003). International Trade in Educational Service: Good or Bad? Higher Education Management and Policy, Vol. 14, No.3.
50. Lec C. Deighton (1971). The Encyclopedia of Education, Vo. 15. Crowel-Collier Educational Corporation, the Macmillan Company & the Frec Press. 190.
51. Lester B. Pearson (1969). Partners in Development: Report of the Commission on International Development. New York, Praeger. 148.
52. Marek Kwiek, "The Academe in Transition: On Post-1989 Transformations in Polish Higher Education".
53. Marijk Van Der Wende (2002). The Role of US Higher Education in the Global E-learning Market. http://ishi.lib.berkeley.edu/cshe/publications/papers/papers/ROP.WendePaperl.02.pdf.
54. Ministry of Education Malaysia (2001). Private Education Department, based on student passes issued by the Malaysian Department of Immigration.
55. Molly N.N. Lee (1999). Private Higher Education in Malaysia, Monograph Series No: 2/1999, Penang, Malaysia: School of Educational Studies, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 2, 4.
56. OBHE Briefing Note. No.15. Transnational higher education part 2: shifting markets and emerging trends. December 2003. AVCC, Offshore programmes of Australian universities, May 2003.
57. OBHE Briefing Note. No.18. Pricing online learning: practice, rationale and transparency. March 2004.
58. OBHE Briefing Note. No.8. Online learning in Commonwealth universities: selected data from the 2002 Observatory survey, part 2. October 2002.
59. OBHE Briefing Note. No.9. Mapping the education industry, Part 1: public companies-share trends and financial results. January 2003.
60. Molly N.N. Lee (2002). Private Higher Education in Malaysia: Expansion, Diversification and Consolidation. A paper presented at a UNESCO conference.
61. OBHE Briefing Note No.14. Transnational education Part 1: The major markets-Hong Kong and Singapore. November 2003.
62. OECD (2003). OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard, OECD, Paris.
63. OECD (2003). Key Development and Policy Rationales in Cross-border Post-secondary Education, paper presented for the OECD/Norway on Trade in Education Services, 3-4, November.
64. OECD (2004). International of Higher Education, Policy Brief, September.
65. Patrinos, H.A (1995). The Private Origins of Public Higher Education in Greece. In: Journal of Modern Greek Studies. Volume 13, 179-200.
66. Powell, S. (1994). "Malaysia to compete for our export dollar", Australian Financial Review.
67. QAA (1999). De Montfort University in South Africa. Gloucester, Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education.
68. QAA's Code of Practice on the Assurance of Academic Quality and Standards in Higher Education (1999). Section 2: Collaborative provision.
69. Robbins, L. (1963). Report of the Committee on Higher Education, London: HMSO.175.
70. Robin Mason (1998). Globalizing Education: Trends and Applications, Routledgr Press, 121-135.
71. Simon Margins (1993). Education and Public Policy in Australia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 184.
72. Simon Marginson, Grant McBurnie (2003). Cross-border Post-secondary Education in the Asia-Pacific Region, preliminary draft for the OECD/Norway Forum on Trade in Educational Services Managing the Internationalization of Post-secondary Education, 3-4 November, http://www.flyspesialisten.no/vfs_trd/ ufd/4-OECD-AsiaPacificregion.pdf.
73. Sizing the Opportunity: The Quality and Extent of Online Education in the United States, 2002 and 2003. http://www.aln.org/resources/overview.asp.
74. State Education Leader, Vol. 14, No. 1, Education Commission of the States, Winter 1996. http://www. concerto.corn/smart/vu/vu.html.
75. Susan D. Antoni (Ed.) The Virtual University: Model & Messages, Lessons from case studies. http://www.connect.gc.ca/en/ne/1530-e.htm.
76. The European Commission: Socrates: Community Action in the Field of Education. http://europa.eu.int/comm/education/socrates.html.
77. The Times Higher Education Supplement, Nov. 1.2002.
78. The White House (2000). "International Education Policy: Memorandum for the Heads of Executive Department and Agencies by President Clinton".
79. Tim Mazzarol, Geoffrey Norman Soutar, Michael Sim Yaw Seng (2003). The Third Wave: Future Trends in International Education. The International dournal of Educational Management. No. 17, March. 90-99.
80. Tom Bruch & Alison Barty (1998). Internationalizing British Higher Education. The Globalization of Higher Education, ed. by Peter Scott. Buckingham: SRHE & Open University Press, 19.
81. UNESCO (2003). The First Global Forum on International Quality Assurance, accreditation and the Recognition of Qualification in Higher Education. Paris. 17-18, October.
82. UNESCO Statistical Yearbook (1999). 487.
83. University of Melbourne (2002). Strategic Plan: perspective 2002, (draft consultation document), 18. http://www.unimelb.edu.au/vc/2002deansandheadsconference/StrategicPlan2002.pdf.
84. Urich Teichler (1998). The Role of the European Union in the Internationalization of Higher Education, in The Globalization of Higher Education, ed. by Peter Scott. Buckingham: SRHE & Open University Press, 1998.90-91.
85. US Department of Education NCES, 2003.
86. US Department of Education, Office of Postsecondary Education (2002). Business and International Education Programme, www.ed.gov/offices/OPE/HEP/iegps/bie.html.
, #179
87. West, R. (1997). Review of Higher Education Financing a Policy. (Report of the West Review). Canberra: Department of Education, Training and Youth Affairs.
88. Whalen, T. & Wright, D. (2000). The Business Case for Web-based Training, Norwood, MA; Artech House.
89. William W. Brichman and Stanley Lehrer (1962). A Century of Higher Education, Greenwood Press, 230.
90. World Bank (2000). The Task Force on Higher Education and Society, Higher Education in Developing Countries: Peril and Promise. Washington, DC: 107, 111.
91. Yoni Ryan (2000). Emerging Indicators of Success & Failure in Borderless Higher Education. The Observatory on Borderless Higher Education. February.
92. Zhou Nanzhao (2002). "Education as Public Good and as Market", World Education Market, Lisbon, Prorogue.
93. Zhou Nanzhao (2003). "Impacts of Globalization on Education", in proceedings of 2003 Biennial Conference of Comparative Education Society of Asia, Bandung, Indonesia.
94. Zhou Nanzhao (2004). Internationalization of Higher Education: an Asia-pacific Overview, a presentation in UNESCO Seminar on Cross-border Higher Education: Import and Export. March, 2004. Beijing.
1.Dorathy.中国同济大学将在日本大阪开设分校[EB/OL].htt://www.skykiwi.co.nz/edu/hotnet.php?id=288.
2. http://news.sina.com.cn/c/2005-01-24/01465642806.shtml.
3. http://portal.unesco.org/education/ev.php.
4. http://www.51ielts.com/disp.asp?num=25265&news_class=1318.
5. http://www.beijing-englishfirst.com/nx_5.htm.
6. http://www.britishcouncil.org.
7. http://www.chea.org.
8. http://www.chisa.edu.cn/chisa/article/20040411/20040411131701_1.xml.
9. http://www.cko.com.cn/article/article/298.html.
10. http://www.connect.gc.ca/en/ne/1530-e.htm.
11. http://www.cutech.edu.cn/jiaoyuxinxihua/000066.asp.
12. http://www.djz.edu.my/xuesheng/JiaoYuTongXun/Guo JiaXueShuJiaoDingJu.htm.
13. http://www.huaxia.com/wh/whxx/2005/00284078.html.
14. http://www.hunu.edu.cn/hot/jyb15/xxj1/bzyd.htm.
15. http://www.1dv.no/unesco.
16. http://www.londonextemal.ac.uk.
17. http://www.master100.com.
18. http://www.mext.go.jp/b-menu.
19. http://www.moe.edu.cn.
20. http://www.moe.edu.cn/2003-04-04.
21. http://www.mofcom.gov.cn/aarticle/bh/200311/20031100145749.html.
22. http://www.studymalaysia.com.cn/u/u20.htm.
23. http://www.tigtag.com/community/basic/20303_9_5.html.
24. http://www.tigtag.com/community/school/3159_9_3.html.
25. http://www.unesco.org/education/wche/declaration.shtml.
26. http://www.zaobao.com/special/newspaper.Stronger than expected growth spurs modest trade recovery. [EB/OL]. http://www.wto.org/English/news-e/pres04-/pr373-e.htm, 2004-04-05.
27. "Links to World Campuses" and "Letter from the Chancellor." United States Open University. 14 December 2000. http://www.open.edu/about/worldlinks.asp>and , #180
28. OECD. British Council 2001:www.britishcouncil.org/promotion/pmi.htm.
29.韩晓蓉.上海将设政府留学生奖学金[EB/OL].http://news.xinhuanet.com/edu/2005-02/16/content2582943.htm.
30.黄章晋.一流大学为谁而建[EB/OL].http://www.bnu.edu.cn/gaojs/forum 2.htm.
31.联合国教科文组织中国全委会网.http://www.unesco.org.cn.
32.刘继安.海外远程教育一瞥[EB/OL].http://www.jnjt.com.cn/xdjyzxl.
33.杨怡真.产官学界专家学者齐聚,为人才培训服务勾勒蓝图[EBIOL].台大教与学期刊电子报.2004,27.http://edtech.ntu.edu.tw/epaper/930810/ntu/ntu_1.asp.
34.中国高校:直面跨国竞争[EB/OL].http://www.2198.net/xinban/gjzx_zggx.htm.
35.中华人民共和国教育部.中外合作办学暂行规定[EB/OL].http://www.jsj.edu.cn/zhengce/008.html.
36.中华人民共和国教育部.高等学校境外办学暂行管理办法[EB/OL].http://www.moe.edu.cn/edoas/website18/leve13.jsp?tablename=217&infoid=2835
2.伯顿·克拉克主编.王承绪译.探究的场所——现代大学的科研和研究生教育[M].杭州:浙江教育出版社,2001.
3.陈彬.知识经济与大学办校模式改革研究[M].武汉:华中师范大学出版社,2002.
4.陈东.开放教育[M].上海:上海教育出版社,2001.
5.陈明森.市场进入退出与企业竞争战略[M].北京:中国经济出版社,2001.
6.陈贤忠.世界贸易组织与高等教育[M].合肥:安徽大学出版社,2002.
7.陈宪主编.国际服务贸易:原理、政策、产业[M].上海:立信会计出版社,2000.
8.陈学飞主编.高等教育国际化:跨世纪的大趋势[M].福州:福建教育出版社,2002.
9.戴晓霞,莫家豪,谢安邦主编.高等教育市场化[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2004.
10.戴晓霞.大学理念与模式的演变[A].刊于戴晓霞著.高等教育的大众化与市场化[M].台北:扬智文化事业有限公司2000.
11.戴晓霞.高等教育与市场导向:新世纪的挑战与展望[A],两岸大学教育学术研讨会论文集[C].厦门:厦门大学出版社,1998.
12.丹尼尔著,丁兴富译.巨型大学和知识媒体:发展高等教育的技术战略[M].北京:中央广播大学出版社,2000.
13.菲利普·G·阿特巴赫.比较高等教育:知识、大学与发展[M].北京:人民教育出版社,2000.
14.冯增俊,卢晓中.战后东盟教育研究[M].南昌:江西教育出版社,1996.
15.傅江景著.国际贸易理论与政策[M].北京:中国财政经济出版社,2002.
16.顾明远主编,菲利普·库姆斯著,赵宝恒、李环译.世界教育危机[M].北京:人民教育出版社,2001.
17.国家教育发展研究中心编著.2004年中国教育绿皮书[M].北京:教育科学出版社,2004.
18.国家教育发展研究中心专题组.WTO对我国教育的影响与对策分析:2002年中国教育绿皮书——中国教育政策年度分析报告[M].北京:教育科学出版社,2001.
19.哈里斯.内生学习和经济增长[A].教育经济学国际百科全书[Z].北京:高等教育出版社,2000.
20.哈耶克.个人主义与经济秩序[M].北京:北京经济学院出版社,1989.
21.候定凯.高等教育社会学[M].桂林:广西师范大学出版社,2004.
22.黄富顺.比较成人教育[M].台北:台湾五南图书出版公司,1988.
23.黄少军.服务业与经济增长[M].北京:经济科学出版社,2000.
24.江小涓,杨圣明.中国对外经贸理论前沿Ⅱ[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2001.
25.教育部国际合作与交流司.国外高等教育调研报告[M].北京:首都师范大学出版社,2001
26.金重远.战后世界史[M].上海:复旦大学出版社,1995.
27.克拉克·克尔著,王承绪译.高等教育不能回避历史——21世纪的问题[M].杭州:浙江教育出版社,2001.
28.李家永.当今英国教育概览[M].郑州:河南教育出版社,1994.
29.联合国教科文组织.教育:财富蕴藏其中[M].北京:教育科学出版社,1996.
30.卢进勇,虞和军等.国际服务贸易与跨国公司[M].北京:对外经济贸易大学出版社,2002.
31.马克思恩格斯全集(26卷)第1册[M].北京:人民出版社,1979.
32.乔玉全编著.21世纪美国高等教育[M].北京:高等教育出版社.2000.
33.曲恒昌,曾晓东.西方教育经济学研究[M].北京:北京师范大学出版社,2000.
34.沈金荣.国外成人教育概论[M].上海:上海科技教育出版社,1997.
35.世界贸易组织秘书处.贸易走向未来《世界贸易组织(WTO)概要》[M].北京:法律出版社,2001.
36.唐安国.说教育主权[A].顾春.学校法制教育基础[C].北京:知识出版社,1998.
37.陶明,吴申元.服务贸易学[M].太原:山西经济出版社,2001.
38.特伦斯.基莱著,王耀德等译.科学研究的经济定律[M].石家庄:河北科学技术出版社,2002.
39.滕大春主编.外国教育通史(第二卷)[M].济南:山东教育出版社,1989.
40.田正平.国际视野中的高等教育[M]航州:浙江大学出版社,2002.
41.王培根主编.高等教育经济学[M].北京:经济管理出版社,2004.
42.王啸.全球化与中国教育[M].成都:四川人民出版社,2002.
43.王延芳主编.美国高等教育史[M].福州:福建教育出版社,1995.
44.王一兵.高等教育大众化、国际化、网络化和法人化:国际比较的视角[M].昆明:云南大学出版社,2002.
45.王英杰.美国高等教育的发展与改革[M].北京:人民教育出版社,1993.
46.卫道治.中外教育交流史[M].长沙:湖南教育出版社,1998.
47.吴松,沈紫金.WTO与中国高等教育发展[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,2002.
48.谢安邦主编.高等教育学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000.
49.徐立青主编.国际贸易实用教程[M].上海:复旦大学出版社,2003.
50.薛天翔主编.WTO与中国教育[M].北京:中国青年出版社,2001.
51.薛天翔主编.高等教育学[M].桂林:广西师范大学出版社,2001.
52.杨德广.现代高等教育思想探索[M].北京:人民教育出版社,2001.
53.杨德广.现代教育理念专论[M].北京:人民教育出版社,2004.
54.杨德新.跨国经营与跨国公司[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2000.
55.于富增.国际高等教育发展与改革比较[M].北京:北京师范大学出版社,1999.
56.张汉林.国际服务贸易[M].北京:中国对外经济贸易出版社,2002.
57.张泰金.英国的高等教育:历史、现状[M].上海:上海外语教育出版社,1995.
58.张铁明.教育产业论——教育与经济增长关系的新视角[M].广州:广东高等教育出版社,2002.
59.张新生.英国成人教育史[M].济南:山东教育出版社,1993.
60.张志国.信息战略:争夺21世纪制高点[M].北京:军事科学出版社,2003.
61.赵伟主编.国际贸易:理论政策与现实问题[M].大连:东北财经大学出版社,2004.
62.赵中建.全球教育发展的研究热点:90年代来自联合国教科文组织的报告[M].北京:教育科学出版社,1999.
63.周健临.新编国际企业管理[M].上海:立信会计出版社,1995.
1.安德鲁斯·巴巴兰.高等教育的国际供给:大学需要《服务贸易总协定》吗?[J].全球教育展望,2003(3).
2.安钰峰.澳大利亚加快高等教育国际化步伐[J].世界教育信息,2001(6).
3.毕家驹.进入21世纪的英国高等教育质量保证体系[J].交通高教研究,2004(4).
4.蔡永莲.全球化趋势对高等教育的影响——关于国际合作办学的一点思考[J].教育发展研究2002(6).
5.曹为忠,詹雪兰,李文瑞,陈旭铭.进入模式、产业环境、以及厂商特性对厂商海外市场经营绩效之影响[J].企业管理学报,1991(54).
6.成刚.对我国留学经济分析[J].教育科学,2003(5).
7.程大中,陈宪.服务贸易理论研究:现实基础、总体状况及初步设想[J].上海经济研究,2000(12).
8.从统计数字看世界高等教育[J].教育参考资料,2000(1-2).
9.董秀华.从网上看国外虚拟大学[J].教育发展研究,2002(5).
10.董秀华.美国教育贸易谈判建议[J].教育参考,2001(10).
11.菲利普·G·阿特巴赫.全球化驱动下的高等教育与WTO[J].比较教育研究,2002(11).
12.菲利普·G·阿特巴赫.作为国际商品的知识和教育:国家共同利益的消解[J].江苏高教,2003(4).
13.菲利普·G·阿特巴赫著,肖地生译.留学方式的变化与竞争[J].世界教育信息,2003(7-8).
14.国家教委电教办远教考察组.英国开放大学印象[J].中国电大教育,1998(5).
15.国外网络教育概览[N].2000-11-05.
16.黄静波.新自由主义贸易政策论及其演进[J].经济学动态,2003(11).
17.加入WTO对我国教育事业的挑战及对策.世界教育信息[J].2000(6).
18.姜波.日本高等教育发展进程中的几个特征[J].外国教育研究,2002(1).
19.蒋大可.试论来华留学生教育的现状与创新[J].暨南学报(哲学社会科学),2000(5).
20.靳希斌.国际教育服务贸易研究——规则解读与我国的承诺[J].北京师范大学学报(社会科学版),2004(1).
21.克里斯蒂安·科梅利奧.全球化的挑战[J].教育展望,1998(1).
22.拉贾·罗伊·辛格.为适应变化中的世界而变革教育[J].教育展望,1993(1).
23.黎安琪著,祝怀新、应起翔译.无边界高等教育及其资格认证[J].高等教育研究,2002(1).
24.黎琳.无边界高等教育的教育理想[J].复旦教育论坛,2003(4).
25.李欣广,刘华.国际服务贸易竞争优势研究[J].改革与战略,1998(1).
26.刘凡丰.远程教育冲击下的高等教育结构[J].开放教育研究,2002,(1).
27.刘林森.网络教育渐成全球趋势[J].中国远程教育,2003,(12).
28.栾信杰WTO教育服务贸易规则与我国的政策选择[J].外国经济与管理,2002(7).
29.罗纳德.斯凯尔顿.亚太地区跨国移民之动向[J].国际社会科学杂志,2001(8).
30.莫纪平.加入WTO与我国高等教育贸易发展对策[J].教育探索,2002(3).
31.倪世雄,蔡翠红.西方全球化新论探讨[J].国际观察,2001(3).
32.潘发勤.英国高等教育:优势、挑战与对策[J].比较教育研究,2004(2).
33.上海市教育科学研究院《国际教育服务贸易》专题研究组.国际教育服务贸易的最新进履[J].教育发展研究,2002(7-8).
34.数字商业时代.2003(2).
35.斯蒂芬·卡斯尔斯.21世纪初的国际移民:全球性的趋势和问题[J].国际社会科学杂志,2001(8).
36.覃壮才.入世后中国教育服务的比较优势分析(上)[J].比较教育研究,2002(7).
37.提姆·马扎罗尔,杰弗里·诺曼·苏塔,米歇尔·S.Y.Seng著,李良成译.第三次浪潮:国际教育的未来趋势[J].比较教育研究,2003(11).
38.涂潇枫等.论国家主权的当代发展与理性选择[J].航州:浙江大学学报(人文社会科学版),2001(2).
39.汪怿.简论公司大学[J].继续教育研究,2004(3).
40.王建香.如何在开放教育市场中维护教育主权[J].开放教育研究,2002(4).
41.王剑波.跨国高等教育理论与中国的实践[D].华东师范大学博士论文,2004,4.
42.王留栓.从世界现代远程教育看中国的虚拟大学[J].比较教育研究,2002(3).
43.王留栓.高等教育的国际化及其中国特色之路[J].上海高教研究,1998(3).
44.王留栓.欧盟国家的高等教育国际化[J].外国教育研究,2000(2).
45.王留栓.试论日本的高等教育国际化[J].江汉大学学报,1995(1).
46.王伟.美国营利性教育机构制度环境分析[D].北京师范大学博士论文,2002,4.
47.王向东.现代美国企业发展教育的新特点[J].教育研究,1993(6).
48.王英杰,高益民.高等教育的国际化[J].清华大学教育研究,2000(2).
49.魏道培.凤凰大学:标新立异的办学模式[J].教育与职业,1998,(12).
50.乌利希·泰希勒著,陈洪捷译.欧洲化国际化全球化——高等学校何处去?[J].北京大学教育评论,2003(1).
51.伍慧萍.德国高等教育国际化的政策框架及措施分析[J].德国研究,2000(2).
52.夏人青,张民选.高等教育国际化:从政治影响到服务贸易[J].教育发展研究.2004(2).
53.解飞厚.论高等教育贸易[J].科技导报,2001(11).
54.熊庆年,王修娥.高等教育国际贸易市场的形成与分割[J].教育发展研究,2001(9).
55.徐广宇.试论WTO背景下的国家教育主权问题[J].教育研究,2002(8).
56.徐颖.浅析新加坡高等教育的国际化发展战略[J].浙江师范大学学报(社会科学版),2003(3).
57.雅戈.新留学签证政策得到积极反馈——赴澳留学签证政策新闻发布会侧记[J].21世纪.2001(10).
58.严新平.英国高等教育质量评估机制及其启示[J].国家教育行政学院学报,2004(3).
59. 杨大轴.服务贸易总协定、国民待遇与住过教育及来华留学教育[J].教育科研参考,2001(9).
60. 杨德广,王勤.从经济全球化到教育国际化的思考[J].教学研究,2000(4).
61. 杨德广,张兴.建立一主多元的高等教育办校模式[J].教育发展研究.2001(2).
62. 易红郡.虚拟大学:美国现代远程教育的重要途径[J].中国成人教育,2003(1).
63. 余华,李莉.教育服务贸易自由化与中国教育发展[J].嘉应大学学报(哲学社会科学),2003(5).
64. 俞可.欧洲高等教育一体化进程初探[J].复旦教育论坛,200(1).
65. 约翰·丹尼尔.开放大学在新世纪面临的挑战[J].中国远程教育,2001(1).
66. 张光.我国虚拟大学的构建[J].计算机工程,2000(第26卷).
67. 张国忠.抢夺留学生:一场没有硝烟的战争[J].国际人才交流,2001(4).
68. 张竞,管晓永.国外公司大学的产学研结合创新与启示[J].科技进步与对策,2002(5).
69. 张力.我国加入世贸组织后教育面对的机遇与挑战[J].思想理论教育战线,2002(11).
70. 张民选.澳大利亚:迅速崛起的教育出口大国[J].教育发展研究,2003(11).
71. 张秋萍,谢仁业.跨国合作办学的国际比较[J].教育发展研究,2002(9).
72. 张务一.再论国际留学生市场[J].外国教育资料,1997(3).
73. 张晓.中国留英学生缘何大量增加[N].光明日报,2000-8-16.
74. 张兴.马来西亚高等教育发展的趋势、问题及对策[J].江苏高教,2002(1).
75. 张亚群.全球化中高等教育改革的重要参数——海峡两岸入世后的文化取向[J].复旦教育论坛,2004(2).
76. 章新胜.加入世贸组织与我国高等教育的对策[J].国家高级教育行政学院学报,2002(1).
77. 赵婷婷.教育观念对政府与大学关系的影响[J].上海高教研究,1998(6).
78. 赵叶珠.欧洲高等教育区建设的背景进程与意义[J].比较教育研究,2003(7).
79. 赵中建.无边界的高等教育——英国伦敦大学教育学院黎安琪教授[J].全球教育展望,2002(1).
80. 周简树.世界成人高等教育发展纲要[J].成人高等教育研究,1998(3).
81. 周满生.国际教育服务贸易的新趋向及对策思考[J].教育研究,2003(1).
82. 周南照.全球化对教育发展的若干影响:观点和实例[R].全国比较教育学会2004年会,2004.
83. 朱晓斌WTO法律框架中的“教育服务”[J].教育与职业,2002(10).
84. 朱雪文.英国开放大学的管理概述[J].开放教育研究,1992(2-3).
85. 邹亚军.大学国际合作与交流面.临的挑战与对策[J].高等教育国际化,2002(2).
1. "Australian University in Vietnam will Focus on Online Instruction." Chronicle of Higher Education 16 June 2000: A39.
2. Allen, M. (2002). The Corporate University Handbook: Designing, Managing, and Growing a Successful Program, AMACOM: American Management Association.
3. Altbach, P. (2000). Private Higher Education: Themes and Variations in Comparative Perspective. International Higher Education, March.
4. Altbach, P. (1998). Comparative Higher Education: Knowledge, the University, and Development. Greenwich, CT: Ablex Publishing Corporation.
5. Aitbach, P. (ed.) (1991). International Higher Education. New York and London, Garland Publishing. 314.
6. Altbach, P. and Selvaratnam, Viswanathan (Eds.) (1989). From Dependence to Autonomy: The Development of Asian Universities. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Kluwer.
7. Aoki, K. & Pogroszewski, D. (1998). Virtual University Reference Model: A Guide to Delivering Education and Support Services to the Distance Learner, Online Journal of Distance Learning Administration. 1:3.
8. Asa S. Knowles (1977). The International Encyclopedia of Higher Education. Jossey-Bass Publishers, San Francisco. 2293-2294.
9. Ashby, Eric (1964). Universities: British, Indian, Africa. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
10. Baranshamaje, E. (1995). The African Virtual University, Concept, paper, Washington, D. C. World Bank.
11. Barbara B. Bum (1980). Expanding the International Dimension of Higher Education, Jossey-Bass Publishers.
12. Bartolic, S. & Bates, A. (1999). Investing in Online Learning: Potential Benefits and Limitations, Canadian Journal of Communication 24, 349-366.
13. Bell, M. et al (2002) Universities Online: a survey of online education & services in Australia, Canberra, Department for Education, Science & Training.
14. Beth McMurtrie (2001). "Community Colleges Become a Force in Developing Nations Worldwide," Chronicle of Higher Education, 25 May.
15. Blumenstyk, G. (2003). "Spanning the Globe: Higher Education Companies Take their Turf Battles Overseas", Chronicle of Higher Education, June 27, Vol. 49, Issue 42, p. A21, http://chronicle.com/cgi2-bin/printable-verity.cgi.
16. Bohm, A., Davis, D., Meares, D. and Pearce, D. (2002). Global Student Mobility 2025: Forecasts of the Global Demand for International Higher Education. Canberra: IDP Education Australia.
17. British Council. Prime Minister Launches Drive to Attract More International Students June, 18, 1999.
18. Chronicle March 14, 2003.
19. Chronicle. June 27, 2003. In Chile, a Fast-Growing University, Owned by Sylvan, Produces Profits and Scorn.
20. Committee of Vice Chancellors and Principals (2000). The business of borderless education: UK perspectives (Vols. 1-3). London: Author.
21. Cunningham, S., Ryan, Y., Stedman, L., Tapsall, S., Bagdon, K., Flew, T., & Coaldrake, P. (2000). The business of borderless education. Canberra, ACT: Department of Education, Training, and Youth Affairs.
22. Cunningham, S., Tapsall, S., Ryan, Y., Stedman, L., Bagdon, K., & Flew, T. (1998). New media and borderless education: A review of the convergence between global media networks and higher education provision. Canberra, ACT: Department of Employment, Education, Training, and Youth Affairs.
23. CVCP/HEFCE. (2000a).The Business of Borderless Education: UK perspectives: mary report. London, The Committee of Vice-Chancellors and Principals of the Universities of the UK.
24. Dawkins, J., Australian Minister for Education, Employment and Training (1988). Higher Education: A Government Policy Statement, Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.
25. De Ridder Symoens, H. (ed.) (1996). University in Early Modern Europe (1500-1800). Cambridge: Cambridge University.
26. De Wit, H. (2002). Internationalization of Higher Education in the United States of America and Europe, Greenwood Press, Westport, CN.
27. Denis Blight, "Partnership in International Education: Tautology or Oxymoron?'" Paper presented at the International Conference on Off-Shore Partnership: Twinning Arrangement in Tertiary Education, in Penang, 15-17 November 1997. Cited in Molly N.N. Lee, Private Higher Education in Malaysia. Monograph Series No: 2/1999, Penang, Malaysia: School of Educational Studies, University Sains Malaysia, 1999.59.
28. Densford, L. (1999). "Many CUs under Development", Corporate University Review, 7(1).
29. Department of Education, Training and Youth Affairs, Higher Education Division (2002). Quality of Australian Higher Education, Institutional Quality Assurance and Improvement Plans for the 2002-2004 Triennium.
30. Don Smart and Crace Ang. The Internationalization of Australian Higher Education. International Higher Education. http://www.bc.edu/bc-org/avp/soe/cihe and http://aei,detya.gov.au/general/publications.
31. Erramilli, M., Rao, C. (1993). Service Firms' International Entry-mode Choice: A Modified Transaction Cost Approach. Journal of Marketing. 57(3):19-43.
32. Global Alliance for Transnational Education (1997). GATE, Vol. 1, 2, 3.
33. Global Alliance for Transnational Education (1997). Principles for Transnational Education.
34. Global Alliance for Transnational Education, The GATE Certification Process, Web site: http://www.edugate.org, up to 1998.
35. Hawthorne, E. M, Libby, P. A., Nash, N. S. (1983). The Emergence of Corporate College. Journal of Continuing Higher Education.
36. HESA. Higher Education Statistics Agency. www.hesa.ac.uk. Student Mobility on the Map: Tertiary Education Interchange in the Commonwealth on the Threshold of the 21st Century , Published by UKCOSA, The Council for International Education.
37. Hong Kong Council for Academic Accreditation (1997). Information Sheet on the Implementation of the Non-local.
38. IDP Education Australia, IDP (2002). data base on international education.
39. K. H. Hanson, J. W. Meyerson (1995). International Challenges to American Colleges and Universities, American Council on Education. 23.
40. Keating, P., Prime Minister of Australia (1995). Advancing Australia, collected speeches, edited by Mark Ryan, Big Picture Publications, Sydney. 187-224.
41. Kerrey, B. (2000). The Power of the Internet for Learning: Moving from Promise to Practice. The Webbased Education Commission. Washington DC.
42. Khan (2000). Web-Based Training. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Educational Technology Publications.
43. Kim, W., Hwang, P. (1992). Global Strategy and Multinationals' Entry Mode Choice. Journal of International Business Studies, First Quarter: 29-54.
44. Knight, J. (1997). Internationalization of Higher Education: a conceptual framework, in J. Knight & H. De Wit (Eds) Internationalization of Higher Education in Asia Pacific Countries, 5-19. Amsterdam: European Association for International Education.
45. Knight, J. (2003). "GATS, Trade and higher Education. Perspective 2003: Where Are We?" Observatory on Borderless Higher EducationReport No. 15, May 2003. URL: www.obhe.ac.uk/products/reports.
46. Knight, J., & DeWit, H. (1995). Strategies for internationalization of higher education: Historical and Conceptual Perspectives. In H. deWit (Ed.), Strategies for internationalization of higher education, 5-32. Amsterdam: European Association for International Education Publications.
47. Krauth, B. (1999). Distance Learning: The Instructional Strategy of the Decade. In: G P. Connich (Ed.). The Distance Learners' Guide. Upper Saddler River, NJ: Prelice-Hall.
48. Krueger, Anne O. (1997). Trade Policy and Economic Development: How We Learn. American Economic Review, Vol. 87. No. 1. 1-22.
49. Larsen, K. & Vubcebl-Lanerin, S. (2003). International Trade in Educational Service: Good or Bad? Higher Education Management and Policy, Vol. 14, No.3.
50. Lec C. Deighton (1971). The Encyclopedia of Education, Vo. 15. Crowel-Collier Educational Corporation, the Macmillan Company & the Frec Press. 190.
51. Lester B. Pearson (1969). Partners in Development: Report of the Commission on International Development. New York, Praeger. 148.
52. Marek Kwiek, "The Academe in Transition: On Post-1989 Transformations in Polish Higher Education".
53. Marijk Van Der Wende (2002). The Role of US Higher Education in the Global E-learning Market. http://ishi.lib.berkeley.edu/cshe/publications/papers/papers/ROP.WendePaperl.02.pdf.
54. Ministry of Education Malaysia (2001). Private Education Department, based on student passes issued by the Malaysian Department of Immigration.
55. Molly N.N. Lee (1999). Private Higher Education in Malaysia, Monograph Series No: 2/1999, Penang, Malaysia: School of Educational Studies, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 2, 4.
56. OBHE Briefing Note. No.15. Transnational higher education part 2: shifting markets and emerging trends. December 2003. AVCC, Offshore programmes of Australian universities, May 2003.
57. OBHE Briefing Note. No.18. Pricing online learning: practice, rationale and transparency. March 2004.
58. OBHE Briefing Note. No.8. Online learning in Commonwealth universities: selected data from the 2002 Observatory survey, part 2. October 2002.
59. OBHE Briefing Note. No.9. Mapping the education industry, Part 1: public companies-share trends and financial results. January 2003.
60. Molly N.N. Lee (2002). Private Higher Education in Malaysia: Expansion, Diversification and Consolidation. A paper presented at a UNESCO conference.
61. OBHE Briefing Note No.14. Transnational education Part 1: The major markets-Hong Kong and Singapore. November 2003.
62. OECD (2003). OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard, OECD, Paris.
63. OECD (2003). Key Development and Policy Rationales in Cross-border Post-secondary Education, paper presented for the OECD/Norway on Trade in Education Services, 3-4, November.
64. OECD (2004). International of Higher Education, Policy Brief, September.
65. Patrinos, H.A (1995). The Private Origins of Public Higher Education in Greece. In: Journal of Modern Greek Studies. Volume 13, 179-200.
66. Powell, S. (1994). "Malaysia to compete for our export dollar", Australian Financial Review.
67. QAA (1999). De Montfort University in South Africa. Gloucester, Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education.
68. QAA's Code of Practice on the Assurance of Academic Quality and Standards in Higher Education (1999). Section 2: Collaborative provision.
69. Robbins, L. (1963). Report of the Committee on Higher Education, London: HMSO.175.
70. Robin Mason (1998). Globalizing Education: Trends and Applications, Routledgr Press, 121-135.
71. Simon Margins (1993). Education and Public Policy in Australia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 184.
72. Simon Marginson, Grant McBurnie (2003). Cross-border Post-secondary Education in the Asia-Pacific Region, preliminary draft for the OECD/Norway Forum on Trade in Educational Services Managing the Internationalization of Post-secondary Education, 3-4 November, http://www.flyspesialisten.no/vfs_trd/ ufd/4-OECD-AsiaPacificregion.pdf.
73. Sizing the Opportunity: The Quality and Extent of Online Education in the United States, 2002 and 2003. http://www.aln.org/resources/overview.asp.
74. State Education Leader, Vol. 14, No. 1, Education Commission of the States, Winter 1996. http://www. concerto.corn/smart/vu/vu.html.
75. Susan D. Antoni (Ed.) The Virtual University: Model & Messages, Lessons from case studies. http://www.connect.gc.ca/en/ne/1530-e.htm.
76. The European Commission: Socrates: Community Action in the Field of Education. http://europa.eu.int/comm/education/socrates.html.
77. The Times Higher Education Supplement, Nov. 1.2002.
78. The White House (2000). "International Education Policy: Memorandum for the Heads of Executive Department and Agencies by President Clinton".
79. Tim Mazzarol, Geoffrey Norman Soutar, Michael Sim Yaw Seng (2003). The Third Wave: Future Trends in International Education. The International dournal of Educational Management. No. 17, March. 90-99.
80. Tom Bruch & Alison Barty (1998). Internationalizing British Higher Education. The Globalization of Higher Education, ed. by Peter Scott. Buckingham: SRHE & Open University Press, 19.
81. UNESCO (2003). The First Global Forum on International Quality Assurance, accreditation and the Recognition of Qualification in Higher Education. Paris. 17-18, October.
82. UNESCO Statistical Yearbook (1999). 487.
83. University of Melbourne (2002). Strategic Plan: perspective 2002, (draft consultation document), 18. http://www.unimelb.edu.au/vc/2002deansandheadsconference/StrategicPlan2002.pdf.
84. Urich Teichler (1998). The Role of the European Union in the Internationalization of Higher Education, in The Globalization of Higher Education, ed. by Peter Scott. Buckingham: SRHE & Open University Press, 1998.90-91.
85. US Department of Education NCES, 2003.
86. US Department of Education, Office of Postsecondary Education (2002). Business and International Education Programme, www.ed.gov/offices/OPE/HEP/iegps/bie.html.
, #179
87. West, R. (1997). Review of Higher Education Financing a Policy. (Report of the West Review). Canberra: Department of Education, Training and Youth Affairs.
88. Whalen, T. & Wright, D. (2000). The Business Case for Web-based Training, Norwood, MA; Artech House.
89. William W. Brichman and Stanley Lehrer (1962). A Century of Higher Education, Greenwood Press, 230.
90. World Bank (2000). The Task Force on Higher Education and Society, Higher Education in Developing Countries: Peril and Promise. Washington, DC: 107, 111.
91. Yoni Ryan (2000). Emerging Indicators of Success & Failure in Borderless Higher Education. The Observatory on Borderless Higher Education. February.
92. Zhou Nanzhao (2002). "Education as Public Good and as Market", World Education Market, Lisbon, Prorogue.
93. Zhou Nanzhao (2003). "Impacts of Globalization on Education", in proceedings of 2003 Biennial Conference of Comparative Education Society of Asia, Bandung, Indonesia.
94. Zhou Nanzhao (2004). Internationalization of Higher Education: an Asia-pacific Overview, a presentation in UNESCO Seminar on Cross-border Higher Education: Import and Export. March, 2004. Beijing.
1.Dorathy.中国同济大学将在日本大阪开设分校[EB/OL].htt://www.skykiwi.co.nz/edu/hotnet.php?id=288.
2. http://news.sina.com.cn/c/2005-01-24/01465642806.shtml.
3. http://portal.unesco.org/education/ev.php.
4. http://www.51ielts.com/disp.asp?num=25265&news_class=1318.
5. http://www.beijing-englishfirst.com/nx_5.htm.
6. http://www.britishcouncil.org.
7. http://www.chea.org.
8. http://www.chisa.edu.cn/chisa/article/20040411/20040411131701_1.xml.
9. http://www.cko.com.cn/article/article/298.html.
10. http://www.connect.gc.ca/en/ne/1530-e.htm.
11. http://www.cutech.edu.cn/jiaoyuxinxihua/000066.asp.
12. http://www.djz.edu.my/xuesheng/JiaoYuTongXun/Guo JiaXueShuJiaoDingJu.htm.
13. http://www.huaxia.com/wh/whxx/2005/00284078.html.
14. http://www.hunu.edu.cn/hot/jyb15/xxj1/bzyd.htm.
15. http://www.1dv.no/unesco.
16. http://www.londonextemal.ac.uk.
17. http://www.master100.com.
18. http://www.mext.go.jp/b-menu.
19. http://www.moe.edu.cn.
20. http://www.moe.edu.cn/2003-04-04.
21. http://www.mofcom.gov.cn/aarticle/bh/200311/20031100145749.html.
22. http://www.studymalaysia.com.cn/u/u20.htm.
23. http://www.tigtag.com/community/basic/20303_9_5.html.
24. http://www.tigtag.com/community/school/3159_9_3.html.
25. http://www.unesco.org/education/wche/declaration.shtml.
26. http://www.zaobao.com/special/newspaper.Stronger than expected growth spurs modest trade recovery. [EB/OL]. http://www.wto.org/English/news-e/pres04-/pr373-e.htm, 2004-04-05.
27. "Links to World Campuses" and "Letter from the Chancellor." United States Open University. 14 December 2000. http://www.open.edu/about/worldlinks.asp>and
28. OECD. British Council 2001:www.britishcouncil.org/promotion/pmi.htm.
29.韩晓蓉.上海将设政府留学生奖学金[EB/OL].http://news.xinhuanet.com/edu/2005-02/16/content2582943.htm.
30.黄章晋.一流大学为谁而建[EB/OL].http://www.bnu.edu.cn/gaojs/forum 2.htm.
31.联合国教科文组织中国全委会网.http://www.unesco.org.cn.
32.刘继安.海外远程教育一瞥[EB/OL].http://www.jnjt.com.cn/xdjyzxl.
33.杨怡真.产官学界专家学者齐聚,为人才培训服务勾勒蓝图[EBIOL].台大教与学期刊电子报.2004,27.http://edtech.ntu.edu.tw/epaper/930810/ntu/ntu_1.asp.
34.中国高校:直面跨国竞争[EB/OL].http://www.2198.net/xinban/gjzx_zggx.htm.
35.中华人民共和国教育部.中外合作办学暂行规定[EB/OL].http://www.jsj.edu.cn/zhengce/008.html.
36.中华人民共和国教育部.高等学校境外办学暂行管理办法[EB/OL].http://www.moe.edu.cn/edoas/website18/leve13.jsp?tablename=217&infoid=2835