火电机组耗差分析模型研究
|
摘要
耗差分析是实现火电机组节能降耗的必备基础理论工作之一。为此,本文以热力学第一定律为基础,建立了加热器上、下端差和抽汽压损的耗差分析模型;建立了回热系统结构改变的耗差分析模型,如高压加热器切除;并针对单因素耗差分析模型的局限性,根据机组实际运行条件,在各运行参数相互影响关联的情况下,初步建立了一种基于机组全局性的多因素扰动耗差分析模型。实例计算证明,上述各模型具有计算精度高、使用方便简捷和通用性强的特点,尤其适用于机组运行热经济性在线监测系统。
Energy-loss analysis is one of the essential basic theoretical works for coal-fired power unit’s energy conservation and coal consumption decrease. Therefore, on the basis of first thermodynamic law, the energy-loss analysis models, including terminal temperature difference upside, terminal temperature difference underside and extraction steam pressure loss, were established in this paper. Furthermore, the energy-loss analysis model of regenerative system structure varying was established in this paper, such as splitting heaters. For the limitations of single-factor-varying energy-loss analysis models, according to the actual operating conditions of unit and the circumstances of the operating parameters influencing each other, all-factors-varying energy-loss analysis model based on the overall analysis of unit was established preliminarily. The models discussed in this paper were proved to be possessed of the character of accurate, simple and more universal. Especially, it is suitable for on-line monitoring system of heat economy of unit.
Energy-loss analysis is one of the essential basic theoretical works for coal-fired power unit’s energy conservation and coal consumption decrease. Therefore, on the basis of first thermodynamic law, the energy-loss analysis models, including terminal temperature difference upside, terminal temperature difference underside and extraction steam pressure loss, were established in this paper. Furthermore, the energy-loss analysis model of regenerative system structure varying was established in this paper, such as splitting heaters. For the limitations of single-factor-varying energy-loss analysis models, according to the actual operating conditions of unit and the circumstances of the operating parameters influencing each other, all-factors-varying energy-loss analysis model based on the overall analysis of unit was established preliminarily. The models discussed in this paper were proved to be possessed of the character of accurate, simple and more universal. Especially, it is suitable for on-line monitoring system of heat economy of unit.
引文
[1] 周庆凡.世界能源及其分布状态.中国能源,2001,10:55～58
[2] 张晓鲁.推动电力发展和电力结构调整,创建国际一流电力企业.中国电力,2001,9:10～13
[3] 陆延昌.国家电力公司系统节水、节油现场工作会议上的讲话摘要.中国电力,2001,9:22～27
[4] Bejan A, Advanced engineering thermodynamics, North Carolina: Duke Uni, 1988
[5] Li, Kam W, Power plant system design, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 1985
[6] David Hu, Cogeneration, Reston Publishing Company, Inc, 1985
[7] R. C. Dorf. Modern control systems. Massachetts Addison-wesley, 1989
[8] 田红景,谢飞,张春发,等.基于小扰动理论的火电厂机组耗差分析.华北电力大学学报,2006,33(3):51～53
[9] 王珈璇,热力发电厂系统设计与运行.北京:中国电力出版社,1997
[10] 林万超.火电厂热系统节能理论.西安:西安交通大学出版社,1994
[11] 马芳礼.电厂热力系统节能分析原理.北京:水利电力出版社,1992
[12] 闫水保,徐治皋.循环函数法的改进.中国电机工程学报,2001,21(10):39～42,120
[13] 张春发,张素香,崔映红,等.现行电力系统热经济性状态方程.工程热物理学报,2001,22(6):665～667
[14] 郭民臣,魏楠.电厂热力系统矩阵热平衡方程式及其应用.动力工程,2002,22(2):1733～1738
[15] 闫顺林,张春发,李永华,等.火电机组热力系统汽水分布通用矩阵方程.中国电机工程学报,2000,20(8):69～73,78
[16] 郭江龙,张树芳,宋之平,等.电厂热力系统能效分布矩阵方程式及其应用.热能动力工程,2004,19(1):29～32
[17] 闫水保.热力系统广义数学模型.动力工程,2000,20(4):804～808
[18] 闫顺林,徐鸿.火电机组热力系统的自适应汽水分布状态方程.中国电机工程学报,2007,8(27):54～58
[19] 李永华,闫顺林,王松岭.煤耗与辅助汽水流量的通用微分关系式.中国电机工程学报,2001,21(11):79～83
[20] Javier Royo, Alejandro Zaleta, Antonio Valero, Thermo economic analysis of steam turbines: an approach to marginal cost allocation, Proceeding of ASME,1996(36):437～444
[21] Berit Erlach, Luis Serra, Antonio Valero, Structural theory as standard for thermo economics, Energy Conservation & Management, 1999(40):1627～1649
[22] Serra L, Lozono M A, Valero, et al, On average and marginal costs in thermo economics, ECOS’1995
[23] Valeo A, Torresc. A general theory of thermodynamic. Proceedings of Ecos'92: 137～154
[24] 杨勇平,王珈璇,蔡睿贤.能量系统的火用经济学分析通用模型及其在电厂中的应用.热能动力工程,1996,11(6):354～359
[25] 王清照,宋乃辉,王珈璇.用“燃料”、“产品”概念进行热力系统计算.中国电力,2002,35(6):27～31
[26] 沈士一,庄贺庆,康松,等.汽轮机原理.北京:中国电力出版社,2007
[27] 李勇,陈梅倩.汽轮机运行性能诊断技术及其应用.北京:科学出版社,1999
[28] 蔡杰进,马晓茜,廖艳芬.主蒸汽参数耗差分析方法的比较研究.汽轮机技术,2006,48(1):31～33,72
[29] 钱立军,蒋东翔,战祥森.汽轮机运行参数偏差对经济性能影响的分析方法.汽轮机技术,2006,48(1):136,147～149
[30] 杨志平.火电机组性能监测与优化研究:[硕士学位论文].北京:华北电力大学,2003
[31] 李维特,黄保海.汽轮机变工况热力计算.北京:中国电力出版社,2001
[32] 张春发,张素香,崔映红,等.现行电力系统热经济性状态方程.工程热物理学报,2001,22(6):665～667
[33] 郑体宽.热力发电厂.北京:中国电力出版社,1999
[34] 任浩仁,李蔚,盛德仁,等.火电机组变工况下运行指标应达值的分析.中国电机工程学报,1999,19(9):50～56
[35] RC Spencer, K C Cotton. ASME paper a method for predicting the performance of steam turbine generators 16500kW and larger, 1974
[36] 张卫会,张卫红,陈美端.300MW汽轮机组不同运行方式比较.汽轮机技术,2006,48(6):447～450
[37] Zhang Chun-fa, Cui Ying-hong, et al. Proof for part of the Sttla flow experimental conclusion and the improvement of flugel formula. Science in China (series E), 2002, 45(1):35～46
[38] 崔映红,张春发,周兰欣.在线监测中机组运行基准工况的确定.动力工程,2004,24(2):298～302
[39] 刘振刚,王永刚,李太兴,等.汽轮机组滑压运行方式的优化.发电设备,2007,21(6):426～429
[40] 张学镭,王松岭,陈海平,等.加热器端差对机组热经济性影响的通用计算模型.中国电机工程学报,2005,25(4):166～171
[41] 刘强,郭民臣,刘朋飞.抽汽压损对机组热经济性的影响.中国电机工程学报,2007,27(8):59～63
[42] 王松岭,张学镭,陈海平,等.抽汽压损对机组热经济性影响的通用计算模型.动力工程,2006,26(6):888～893
[43] 陶相栋.高压加热器停运的热经济性研究:[硕士学位论文].北京:华北电力大学,2002
[44] 杨靖,张淑侠,邱春花,等.上安电厂高压加热器损坏的对策及收益.电力科学与工程,2005,(4):71～74
[45] 闫顺林,王俊有,李太兴,等.汽轮机低压缸排汽焓在线计算新模型的研究及应用.华东电力,2007,35(4):84～86
[2] 张晓鲁.推动电力发展和电力结构调整,创建国际一流电力企业.中国电力,2001,9:10～13
[3] 陆延昌.国家电力公司系统节水、节油现场工作会议上的讲话摘要.中国电力,2001,9:22～27
[4] Bejan A, Advanced engineering thermodynamics, North Carolina: Duke Uni, 1988
[5] Li, Kam W, Power plant system design, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 1985
[6] David Hu, Cogeneration, Reston Publishing Company, Inc, 1985
[7] R. C. Dorf. Modern control systems. Massachetts Addison-wesley, 1989
[8] 田红景,谢飞,张春发,等.基于小扰动理论的火电厂机组耗差分析.华北电力大学学报,2006,33(3):51～53
[9] 王珈璇,热力发电厂系统设计与运行.北京:中国电力出版社,1997
[10] 林万超.火电厂热系统节能理论.西安:西安交通大学出版社,1994
[11] 马芳礼.电厂热力系统节能分析原理.北京:水利电力出版社,1992
[12] 闫水保,徐治皋.循环函数法的改进.中国电机工程学报,2001,21(10):39～42,120
[13] 张春发,张素香,崔映红,等.现行电力系统热经济性状态方程.工程热物理学报,2001,22(6):665～667
[14] 郭民臣,魏楠.电厂热力系统矩阵热平衡方程式及其应用.动力工程,2002,22(2):1733～1738
[15] 闫顺林,张春发,李永华,等.火电机组热力系统汽水分布通用矩阵方程.中国电机工程学报,2000,20(8):69～73,78
[16] 郭江龙,张树芳,宋之平,等.电厂热力系统能效分布矩阵方程式及其应用.热能动力工程,2004,19(1):29～32
[17] 闫水保.热力系统广义数学模型.动力工程,2000,20(4):804～808
[18] 闫顺林,徐鸿.火电机组热力系统的自适应汽水分布状态方程.中国电机工程学报,2007,8(27):54～58
[19] 李永华,闫顺林,王松岭.煤耗与辅助汽水流量的通用微分关系式.中国电机工程学报,2001,21(11):79～83
[20] Javier Royo, Alejandro Zaleta, Antonio Valero, Thermo economic analysis of steam turbines: an approach to marginal cost allocation, Proceeding of ASME,1996(36):437～444
[21] Berit Erlach, Luis Serra, Antonio Valero, Structural theory as standard for thermo economics, Energy Conservation & Management, 1999(40):1627～1649
[22] Serra L, Lozono M A, Valero, et al, On average and marginal costs in thermo economics, ECOS’1995
[23] Valeo A, Torresc. A general theory of thermodynamic. Proceedings of Ecos'92: 137～154
[24] 杨勇平,王珈璇,蔡睿贤.能量系统的火用经济学分析通用模型及其在电厂中的应用.热能动力工程,1996,11(6):354～359
[25] 王清照,宋乃辉,王珈璇.用“燃料”、“产品”概念进行热力系统计算.中国电力,2002,35(6):27～31
[26] 沈士一,庄贺庆,康松,等.汽轮机原理.北京:中国电力出版社,2007
[27] 李勇,陈梅倩.汽轮机运行性能诊断技术及其应用.北京:科学出版社,1999
[28] 蔡杰进,马晓茜,廖艳芬.主蒸汽参数耗差分析方法的比较研究.汽轮机技术,2006,48(1):31～33,72
[29] 钱立军,蒋东翔,战祥森.汽轮机运行参数偏差对经济性能影响的分析方法.汽轮机技术,2006,48(1):136,147～149
[30] 杨志平.火电机组性能监测与优化研究:[硕士学位论文].北京:华北电力大学,2003
[31] 李维特,黄保海.汽轮机变工况热力计算.北京:中国电力出版社,2001
[32] 张春发,张素香,崔映红,等.现行电力系统热经济性状态方程.工程热物理学报,2001,22(6):665～667
[33] 郑体宽.热力发电厂.北京:中国电力出版社,1999
[34] 任浩仁,李蔚,盛德仁,等.火电机组变工况下运行指标应达值的分析.中国电机工程学报,1999,19(9):50～56
[35] RC Spencer, K C Cotton. ASME paper a method for predicting the performance of steam turbine generators 16500kW and larger, 1974
[36] 张卫会,张卫红,陈美端.300MW汽轮机组不同运行方式比较.汽轮机技术,2006,48(6):447～450
[37] Zhang Chun-fa, Cui Ying-hong, et al. Proof for part of the Sttla flow experimental conclusion and the improvement of flugel formula. Science in China (series E), 2002, 45(1):35～46
[38] 崔映红,张春发,周兰欣.在线监测中机组运行基准工况的确定.动力工程,2004,24(2):298～302
[39] 刘振刚,王永刚,李太兴,等.汽轮机组滑压运行方式的优化.发电设备,2007,21(6):426～429
[40] 张学镭,王松岭,陈海平,等.加热器端差对机组热经济性影响的通用计算模型.中国电机工程学报,2005,25(4):166～171
[41] 刘强,郭民臣,刘朋飞.抽汽压损对机组热经济性的影响.中国电机工程学报,2007,27(8):59～63
[42] 王松岭,张学镭,陈海平,等.抽汽压损对机组热经济性影响的通用计算模型.动力工程,2006,26(6):888～893
[43] 陶相栋.高压加热器停运的热经济性研究:[硕士学位论文].北京:华北电力大学,2002
[44] 杨靖,张淑侠,邱春花,等.上安电厂高压加热器损坏的对策及收益.电力科学与工程,2005,(4):71～74
[45] 闫顺林,王俊有,李太兴,等.汽轮机低压缸排汽焓在线计算新模型的研究及应用.华东电力,2007,35(4):84～86