煤矿底板突水机理分析及数值模拟研究
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摘要
长期以来,煤矿水害给国家和人民带来了巨大的经济损失和人员伤亡,突水是采矿过程中常常面临的一种严重灾害。随着煤矿开采方式,开采深度和工作面开采空间尺度的变化,突水灾害日益严重。开展矿井突水机理基础理论研究,有效遏制矿井突水事故的发生,保障煤矿安全生产,是目前煤矿工业需要解决的问题。
本文首先对煤矿底板突水问题的分类方法及其突水一般机理进行分析总结,然后利用RFPA~(2D)-Flow数值计算系统,着重从岩石细观力学的角度,充分考虑岩石的非均匀性和破坏过程的渗流-损伤耦合作用,结合开滦范各庄煤矿现场的工程水文地质资料,对12煤的底板突水问题进行数值模拟研究。数值模拟分为完整底板突水及断层影响下的底板突水两种情况进行,研究水压驱动下的岩体损伤破坏全过程,从变形、应力、水压、流量等不同角度分析煤矿底板的突水机理。在对完整底板突水的数值模拟中考虑了含水层不同水压力对底板突水的影响,得到了与实际相近的临界突水系数;在对断层影响下的底板突水的数值模拟中,采用了有限元强度折减法,得到了断层不同倾角条件下底板的临界失稳强度和安全系数,探讨了断层倾角与底板突水的关系。
数值模拟再现了采动条件下岩体损伤破坏直至突水的动态演化过程,以直观的图像动力学方式展现了裂隙萌生、扩展乃至贯通断裂为导水通道的全过程,得到了比较符合实际的结果,为煤矿突水机理的研究提供一些基础性依据。
The disaster of water in coalmine has long been bringing huge economic loss and personnel casualty to our country and people. The water inrush is a serious disaster which faces frequently in the mining process. Along with the change of the way, the depth and the working face criterion in coal mining, the disaster of water is more and more serious. Developing the study of mechanism on mine water inrush, containing the occurrence of water inrush accidents effectively, and ensuring coalmine safety in production, is the current question which the coalmine industry needs to solve.
At first, This paper analyzed to summarize the classification methods and common mechanism of the coal mine floor water inrush questions, then used the RFPA~(2D) -Flow numerical calculus system, emphasized in the rock mesomechanics' way, considered fully with the heterogeneity of rock and the flow-damage coupling function in the failure process, combined with the engineering hydrology geological data on the site of the Kailuan Fan Gezhuang coalmine, researched the question about No. 12 coalmine floor water inrush by numerical simulation. The numerical simulation divided into the complete floor water inrush and floor water inrush including the fault influence, researched the entire process of rock mass from damage to destroy under hydraulic pressure actuation, and analyzed the mechanism of coalmine floor water inrush from different ways, such as distortion, stress, hydraulic pressure, flow and so on. In the numerical simulation of complete floor water inrush this paper considered the influence to floor water inrush about aquifer with different hydraulic pressure, obtained the critical water inrush coefficient which is close with the actual value; While in the numerical simulation of the floor water inrush including the fault influence, used the finite element strength reduction method, obtained the floor critical buckling strength and safety coefficient in the different inclination angles condition, discussed the relations of fault inclination angle with floor water inrush.
The numerical simulation reappeared the dynamic evolutionary process of the rock mass damage to destroy until the water inrush in the condition of mining, showed out the entire process of the fracture sprout, expansion even run-through to a water channel, obtained the results in accordance with actual case, provided some foundational bases for research for the coalmine water inrush mechanism.
本文首先对煤矿底板突水问题的分类方法及其突水一般机理进行分析总结,然后利用RFPA~(2D)-Flow数值计算系统,着重从岩石细观力学的角度,充分考虑岩石的非均匀性和破坏过程的渗流-损伤耦合作用,结合开滦范各庄煤矿现场的工程水文地质资料,对12煤的底板突水问题进行数值模拟研究。数值模拟分为完整底板突水及断层影响下的底板突水两种情况进行,研究水压驱动下的岩体损伤破坏全过程,从变形、应力、水压、流量等不同角度分析煤矿底板的突水机理。在对完整底板突水的数值模拟中考虑了含水层不同水压力对底板突水的影响,得到了与实际相近的临界突水系数;在对断层影响下的底板突水的数值模拟中,采用了有限元强度折减法,得到了断层不同倾角条件下底板的临界失稳强度和安全系数,探讨了断层倾角与底板突水的关系。
数值模拟再现了采动条件下岩体损伤破坏直至突水的动态演化过程,以直观的图像动力学方式展现了裂隙萌生、扩展乃至贯通断裂为导水通道的全过程,得到了比较符合实际的结果,为煤矿突水机理的研究提供一些基础性依据。
The disaster of water in coalmine has long been bringing huge economic loss and personnel casualty to our country and people. The water inrush is a serious disaster which faces frequently in the mining process. Along with the change of the way, the depth and the working face criterion in coal mining, the disaster of water is more and more serious. Developing the study of mechanism on mine water inrush, containing the occurrence of water inrush accidents effectively, and ensuring coalmine safety in production, is the current question which the coalmine industry needs to solve.
At first, This paper analyzed to summarize the classification methods and common mechanism of the coal mine floor water inrush questions, then used the RFPA~(2D) -Flow numerical calculus system, emphasized in the rock mesomechanics' way, considered fully with the heterogeneity of rock and the flow-damage coupling function in the failure process, combined with the engineering hydrology geological data on the site of the Kailuan Fan Gezhuang coalmine, researched the question about No. 12 coalmine floor water inrush by numerical simulation. The numerical simulation divided into the complete floor water inrush and floor water inrush including the fault influence, researched the entire process of rock mass from damage to destroy under hydraulic pressure actuation, and analyzed the mechanism of coalmine floor water inrush from different ways, such as distortion, stress, hydraulic pressure, flow and so on. In the numerical simulation of complete floor water inrush this paper considered the influence to floor water inrush about aquifer with different hydraulic pressure, obtained the critical water inrush coefficient which is close with the actual value; While in the numerical simulation of the floor water inrush including the fault influence, used the finite element strength reduction method, obtained the floor critical buckling strength and safety coefficient in the different inclination angles condition, discussed the relations of fault inclination angle with floor water inrush.
The numerical simulation reappeared the dynamic evolutionary process of the rock mass damage to destroy until the water inrush in the condition of mining, showed out the entire process of the fracture sprout, expansion even run-through to a water channel, obtained the results in accordance with actual case, provided some foundational bases for research for the coalmine water inrush mechanism.
引文
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