薛村矿深部高应力软岩巷道综合支护研究
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摘要
软岩巷道的支护是当今世界地下工程中一项重要而又复杂的技术难题,随着矿井开采深度和强度的加大,软岩巷道的支护问题变得越来越突出,我国的许多矿井,软岩问题己经成为制约矿井技术发展和安全生产的关键。由此可见,研究深部高应力软岩巷道综合支护技术,具有十分重大的理论意义和工程实践价值。
本文研究了薛村矿深井临界深度,分析了薛村矿三水平变电所与水泵房的工程地质特征,从而确定薛村矿三水平变电所与水泵房属于深部高应力软岩巷道。详细叙述了薛村矿三水平巷道的岩石物理力学实验、相似材料模拟实验和数值模拟计算,进而深入分析了深部高应力软岩巷道变形破坏特征和造成巷道破坏的因素。对深部高应力软岩巷道锚网索联合支护机理、注浆加固和底鼓控制理论进行深入研究。
系统的叙述了锚杆、锚索、注浆加固和反底拱综合支护设计方案,详细叙述了薛村矿三水平变电所与水泵房的矿压观测的内容和测点布置情况,深入分析了矿压观测的结果。
工程实践表明:在深部高应力围岩条件下,采用锚杆、锚索、注浆加固和反底拱综合支护可以较好地控制巷道围岩的稳定性,并取得了比较满意的技术经济效果。
The support of the soft laneway is an important but complicated technique problem in coal mining system and rock engineering field in future. With the intensity and depth of mine scale enlarging, the problem of the timbering and the maintenance of weak-rock laneway are becoming more and more aculeate. In many mine of our country, it is the key of restraining the mine technological development and the safety in production. Thus it can be seen, the research of composite shoring about soft rock and deep laneway with high stress of Xue cun mine has the extremely significant theories meaning and value about the engineering.
This text study the deep well critical depth of Xuecun, analyses the engineering geology characteristic of substation and water pump house in third level of Xue cun mine, so that it indicate it belongs to the soft and deep laneway with high stress.
At the substation and water pump house in third level of Xue cun mine, account the rock physical mechanics experiment, the simulation experiment of similarity material and the computer value simulation in detail, this analyze characteristic and the mechanism of the soft and deep laneway, this also analyze the factor of cause the laneway break. Then lucubrate the mechanism of the combined supporting of soft rock which is made of blot-net-cable, the reinforce of grouting and the control of heaving floor.
Scientific account the composite supporting of soft rock which is made of blot-net-cable , grouting and anti-end arch, particular introduce the mineral press observe and the arrange of measure point at the substation and water pump house in third level of Xue cun mine, deep analysis the result of mineral press observe.
It proved that the laneway under high stress and deep condition uses the composite supporting of soft rock which is made of blot-net-cable , grouting and anti-end arch may control the stability of soft roadway well, and obtains the quite satisfactory effect on technology and economic.
本文研究了薛村矿深井临界深度,分析了薛村矿三水平变电所与水泵房的工程地质特征,从而确定薛村矿三水平变电所与水泵房属于深部高应力软岩巷道。详细叙述了薛村矿三水平巷道的岩石物理力学实验、相似材料模拟实验和数值模拟计算,进而深入分析了深部高应力软岩巷道变形破坏特征和造成巷道破坏的因素。对深部高应力软岩巷道锚网索联合支护机理、注浆加固和底鼓控制理论进行深入研究。
系统的叙述了锚杆、锚索、注浆加固和反底拱综合支护设计方案,详细叙述了薛村矿三水平变电所与水泵房的矿压观测的内容和测点布置情况,深入分析了矿压观测的结果。
工程实践表明:在深部高应力围岩条件下,采用锚杆、锚索、注浆加固和反底拱综合支护可以较好地控制巷道围岩的稳定性,并取得了比较满意的技术经济效果。
The support of the soft laneway is an important but complicated technique problem in coal mining system and rock engineering field in future. With the intensity and depth of mine scale enlarging, the problem of the timbering and the maintenance of weak-rock laneway are becoming more and more aculeate. In many mine of our country, it is the key of restraining the mine technological development and the safety in production. Thus it can be seen, the research of composite shoring about soft rock and deep laneway with high stress of Xue cun mine has the extremely significant theories meaning and value about the engineering.
This text study the deep well critical depth of Xuecun, analyses the engineering geology characteristic of substation and water pump house in third level of Xue cun mine, so that it indicate it belongs to the soft and deep laneway with high stress.
At the substation and water pump house in third level of Xue cun mine, account the rock physical mechanics experiment, the simulation experiment of similarity material and the computer value simulation in detail, this analyze characteristic and the mechanism of the soft and deep laneway, this also analyze the factor of cause the laneway break. Then lucubrate the mechanism of the combined supporting of soft rock which is made of blot-net-cable, the reinforce of grouting and the control of heaving floor.
Scientific account the composite supporting of soft rock which is made of blot-net-cable , grouting and anti-end arch, particular introduce the mineral press observe and the arrange of measure point at the substation and water pump house in third level of Xue cun mine, deep analysis the result of mineral press observe.
It proved that the laneway under high stress and deep condition uses the composite supporting of soft rock which is made of blot-net-cable , grouting and anti-end arch may control the stability of soft roadway well, and obtains the quite satisfactory effect on technology and economic.
引文
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[3]詹华.对我国能源现状及未来发展的几点思考[J].能源工程,2003,1(3 ): 1~4
[4]刘新河,张香玲,李瑞敬,张立华.向斜轴部巷道综合支护工程应用[J].煤炭工程,2007, 4(11): 19~22
[5]刘新河,田灵涛,陈龙,崔石磊.薛村矿高应力软岩巷道支护数值模拟研究[J].中国煤炭,2009,35(4):55 ~56
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[11]郑颖人等.地下工程锚喷支护设计指南[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1988.56
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[13]何满潮,景海河,孙晓明.软岩工程力学[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.126~130
[14]陈炎光,陆士良.中国煤矿巷道围岩控制[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1994.26~30
[15]蒋金泉.巷道围岩结构稳定性与控制设计[M].北京煤炭工业出版社,1998,100~110
[16]李世平.岩石力学简明教程[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1986
[17]方祖烈.拉压域特征及主次承载区的维护理论.世纪之交软岩工程技术现状与展望[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1996, 48~51
[18]杨纶标,高英仪.模糊数学原理及应用(第三版).广州:华南理工大学出版社,2001, 03
[19] He Manchao. New Theory on Tunnel Stability Control within Weak Rock, Proc. of the Int.IAEg.1994
[20] Hall, A Inevitable or not: the reuse of roadways at Frickley Colliery. Mining Engineer (London),2003.03
[21]薛顺勋等.煤巷锚杆支护施工指南.北京:煤炭工业出版社,1999.11
[22] F.O.Franclss.weak Rock Tunneling.A.A.Balkema press, 1997
[23]李化敏,李华奇.煤矿深井的基本概念与判别准则[J],煤矿设计,1999 (10): 5~7
[24]陆士良,汤雷等.锚杆锚固力与锚固技术[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1998.11
[25]何满潮,吕晓俭,景海河.深部工程围岩特性及非线性动态力学设计理念[J].岩石力学与工程学报, 2002 , 21 ( 8 ): 1215~1224
[26]段振西,阎莫明.中国煤矿软岩巷道支护理论与实践[M],徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1996.225~230
[27]庞建勇,郭兰波,刘松玉.高应力巷道局部弱支护机理分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004 (6): 2001~2004
[28]刘银志,贾明魁,马念杰.高应力复合型软岩巷道支护技术研究[J].煤炭工程,2003(4): 21~23
[29]官山月,马念杰.树脂锚杆锚固失效的力学分析[J].矿山压力与顶板管理,1997 ( 3 ): 201 ~ 203
[30]高发民,董光振,郭平.深部高应力煤巷矿压观测与显现[J].矿山压力与顶板管理,2000(3):71~74
[31]马念杰.软化岩体中巷道围岩塑性区分析[J].埠新矿业学院学报(自然科学版),1995(10):18~22
[32]王永岩.软岩巷道变形与压力分析控制及预测[D]:[博士学位论文].阜兴:辽宁工程技术大学, 2001.20~26
[33]刘扬贤.破碎围岩注浆加固的力学性能和效果分析[J].河北煤炭,1999 (4): 10~11
[34] Richaral R Bjorkman. GS optimum shapes for tunnel and cavities proceeding of the 17 united states Syposioum on Rock Mechanics , university of utalh, salt Lack city utah, 1976.15~16
[35] Cruden .D.M.A. Theory of Brittle Creep in Rock under Uniaxial compression J.Geophys.Ren.Vo1,75(1970) :10~12
[36]赵国堂,任天贵.锚喷网参数的合理确定[J].北京科技大学学报,1994 (10): 405~413
[37]于会军,马成民,郭建武.锚网钢带喷浆联合支护在煤巷应用[J].煤炭技术,2004 (7):15~16
[38]伍永平,来兴平,南葆等.深部高应力松软岩层稳定性监测及实验研究[J].西安科技大学学报, 2005, 25( 4): 20~24
[39]吕家立,谢之康.矿山实用有限单元法[M].北京:中国矿业大学出版社,1995. 1~10
[40]李学华,王卫军,侯朝炯.加固顶板控巷道地鼓的数值分析[J].中国矿业大学学报, 2003, 4(22): 436~440
[41]周书明.锚喷支护大跨硬岩隧道预应力锚杆的设计与有限元模拟计算[J].铁道工程学报, 2001( 4): 75~79
[42]何兵.用有限元模拟软岩蠕变对隧道结构的影响[J].重庆交通学院学报,2003, 4 (22): 11 ~13
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