资源约束条件下区域经济发展的国际经验研究
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摘要
在经济可持续发展的过程中,世界各国或地区经济的发展都受资源约束影响。本文在阐述区域经济发展中面临的资源约束现象的基础上,分析区域经济发展中资源约束的影响因素,剖析资源约束条件下区域经济发展模式的选择,并在分析的过程中主要借鉴资源约束的两个典型国家—日本和德国,这两个国家主要是资源结构约束和资源存量约束的代表。对于日本和德国主要是从资源约束的影响因素入手,分析缓解区域资源约束的政策措施。中国是资源大国,但是在经济发展的过程中,同样受到资源约束的制约,而且制约程度越来越严重。为此,中国要想实现经济可持续发展,就必须找出适合中国经济发展的模式。通过对日本和德国解决资源约束问题方法的分析,得出经验和教训。以供中国资源存量约束和资源结构约束的区域今后经济发展借鉴与参考。
Have come through the thirty- year reform and Open policy, Chinese Economy has realized the transition from Planned Economy to Market Economy. In this Process, the Chinese economy grows at high speed, but confronts with resources difficult situation ----The bounce between Resource structure and stock restrict the regional economy Development. However the basic goal lies in realizing the economical development by seeking for the resources-utilizing way that suits the economy development, converting the resources restrictions to rational highly effective uses.
Therefore, currently they are going on the way simultaneously for Chinese Regional Economy development and resources restriction elimination. By studying the solutions for this contradiction in the domestic and foreign region economy developing process, there are two enlightenment for us: One, In those regions with restricted structure resources, shoot/strive for changing the original structure status to make it rationalized during the process of the regional economy developing. Two, In those regions where resources storage quantity is under the threat , we need convert the developing mode , make better use of resources and reform the industry promptly .during the process of regional economy developing .It can be said that while we look back the thirty-year Reform and Open-Up experience , China has obtained great achievement on resources restrictions Solutions ,but there is of much differences for the Chinese regional developing modes , as well as the displayed ways of restricted resources .Therefore, at this point, on influence and solutions, we’d like to draw successful experience from some foreign developed countries or those countries and area who had similar developing ways with China.
The study of this paper is carrying on under this kind of background. It goes along the academic framework and concept, which is from“region economy development facing the resources restraint”to“the influence factor of resources restraint along the region development”, then to“the region economy development pattern choice”, then to“the analysis on Japan and Ruhr Area examples”, then to“obtains how the Chinese resources restraint regions develop”.
In order to make the study stand on a higher point, the paper illustrates from choosing the subject. One is the differences economy function resulted from the resources restrains in the different economical developing stages, two is the economical development restrictions by resources structure restraint and storage quantity insufficiency. Has conducted the research and the summary based on this aiming at the domestic and foreign breakthrough region resources restraint method and the relative theories, the basic idea of the study has carried on the limits and the elaboration as the rationale of the entire research. Next, the deepen the understanding of resources influence and position in region economy developing process .Clear about the basic concept of the resources restraint, the resources structure restraint, the resources storage quantity restraint . Any region might analyze economical development condition under the resources restraint .In the model that the technology advancement and the industrial structure changing , the region economy development the resources restraint restriction effective factor, the research has been analyzed both in the breakthrough resources environment restraint influence, for solved the region resources restraint problem, provided specifically the reliable quantification analysis basis. Then, in the key research region economy development the resources restraint influence factor has the resources disposition ability, the fluidity, the region vicissitude, the system restraint and so on. Mainly uses in through the influence factor analysis solving the resources effective way and the point of application.
In future, from the worldwide scale looked in the resources restraint and the current Chinese economy development faced with resources condition obtaining, the resources which brings in the thorough analysis tradition industrialization exhausts, issues on ecological environment worsening foundations, then to economical development pattern induction and summary. At the same time, separately carries on the multi-analysis to the current resources structure restraint region and the resources storage quantity restraint region economy development pattern choice, elaborated the economical development pattern is the macroscopic strategic instruction, is to realize the economical sustainable development rationale.
In order to broaden the view scope of the study , This essay select the typical countries and region with similar developing experience in international world, for example, analyze Japan and Germany Luhr Area comparatively .Japan , the developed country which was restricted by resources structures but obtained highly development on science and technology , while Germany Luhr Area was the old industrial base , analyze the solutions that the government established in strengthen the breakthrough of regional resources restriction under the different solutions systems, and analyze how to eliminate the restriction on the regional economy developing from regional resources restrictions, the developing experience ,trend, characteristic, specific actions of their technology innovation., all of which make the study success provide better reference and lessons for those countries with different resources which need constitute relative policy for different regions economy developing .
This article foothold is to study and to propose the strategic thinking and countermeasure on breakthrough resource restraint. In the whole research, by drawing experience of the developing ways and means from domestic and foreign nation and regions, in order to achieve the effect that“Point-Surface, surface by point”and provide more specific reliable countermeasure for the government involved of regional government , the paper also take the concrete region as the illustrative case, mainly points out two regions: resources structure restraint eastern area and resources storage quantity restraint northeast old industrial base. Based on the resources condition analysis in each region, the article has analyzed the eastern region development ways , industrial policy choice, technological innovation strategic measures, provide the successful reference model cases for other regions so that promote the sustainable development.
Generally, the destination of this article is to make a systematic integration on the theory existed to make it abundant and insightful. It will make a sustainable development about the society under the conference of limitation of some area in the way of saving, substitute and recycling. Every regional government of China is obliged to know the situation of resources by the research achievements and abandon the the old way of economic growth by high input, low output, high cost and low efficiency. develop the economy guided by mature industrial policy and advanced technology, strive for providing Meso- level the region economy development, how should we embark from the region reality, the accurate localization, enhances strong points and avoid weaknesses, It should be on the prominence that to change the economic development model by breaking through the resource restraint on the economy by establishing industrial policy and by innovative technology. Adjustment and optimization of industrial structure will be achieved by seeking specific ways of regional development and by the ways mentioned above. The change from resource consumption-based to resource saving-based will be made to reach the sustainable development of regional economy.
As a result of many subjective and objective factor limits, the paper also has many deficiencies, how we integrates the affects of the resources to the economical development restraint and the influence from technology advancement, system factors to the economical development into one identical analysis frame, how we ensure the solutions of that insufficient implementation countermeasures under the resources restraint the Chinese economy development, which will await for being better in the future study.
Have come through the thirty- year reform and Open policy, Chinese Economy has realized the transition from Planned Economy to Market Economy. In this Process, the Chinese economy grows at high speed, but confronts with resources difficult situation ----The bounce between Resource structure and stock restrict the regional economy Development. However the basic goal lies in realizing the economical development by seeking for the resources-utilizing way that suits the economy development, converting the resources restrictions to rational highly effective uses.
Therefore, currently they are going on the way simultaneously for Chinese Regional Economy development and resources restriction elimination. By studying the solutions for this contradiction in the domestic and foreign region economy developing process, there are two enlightenment for us: One, In those regions with restricted structure resources, shoot/strive for changing the original structure status to make it rationalized during the process of the regional economy developing. Two, In those regions where resources storage quantity is under the threat , we need convert the developing mode , make better use of resources and reform the industry promptly .during the process of regional economy developing .It can be said that while we look back the thirty-year Reform and Open-Up experience , China has obtained great achievement on resources restrictions Solutions ,but there is of much differences for the Chinese regional developing modes , as well as the displayed ways of restricted resources .Therefore, at this point, on influence and solutions, we’d like to draw successful experience from some foreign developed countries or those countries and area who had similar developing ways with China.
The study of this paper is carrying on under this kind of background. It goes along the academic framework and concept, which is from“region economy development facing the resources restraint”to“the influence factor of resources restraint along the region development”, then to“the region economy development pattern choice”, then to“the analysis on Japan and Ruhr Area examples”, then to“obtains how the Chinese resources restraint regions develop”.
In order to make the study stand on a higher point, the paper illustrates from choosing the subject. One is the differences economy function resulted from the resources restrains in the different economical developing stages, two is the economical development restrictions by resources structure restraint and storage quantity insufficiency. Has conducted the research and the summary based on this aiming at the domestic and foreign breakthrough region resources restraint method and the relative theories, the basic idea of the study has carried on the limits and the elaboration as the rationale of the entire research. Next, the deepen the understanding of resources influence and position in region economy developing process .Clear about the basic concept of the resources restraint, the resources structure restraint, the resources storage quantity restraint . Any region might analyze economical development condition under the resources restraint .In the model that the technology advancement and the industrial structure changing , the region economy development the resources restraint restriction effective factor, the research has been analyzed both in the breakthrough resources environment restraint influence, for solved the region resources restraint problem, provided specifically the reliable quantification analysis basis. Then, in the key research region economy development the resources restraint influence factor has the resources disposition ability, the fluidity, the region vicissitude, the system restraint and so on. Mainly uses in through the influence factor analysis solving the resources effective way and the point of application.
In future, from the worldwide scale looked in the resources restraint and the current Chinese economy development faced with resources condition obtaining, the resources which brings in the thorough analysis tradition industrialization exhausts, issues on ecological environment worsening foundations, then to economical development pattern induction and summary. At the same time, separately carries on the multi-analysis to the current resources structure restraint region and the resources storage quantity restraint region economy development pattern choice, elaborated the economical development pattern is the macroscopic strategic instruction, is to realize the economical sustainable development rationale.
In order to broaden the view scope of the study , This essay select the typical countries and region with similar developing experience in international world, for example, analyze Japan and Germany Luhr Area comparatively .Japan , the developed country which was restricted by resources structures but obtained highly development on science and technology , while Germany Luhr Area was the old industrial base , analyze the solutions that the government established in strengthen the breakthrough of regional resources restriction under the different solutions systems, and analyze how to eliminate the restriction on the regional economy developing from regional resources restrictions, the developing experience ,trend, characteristic, specific actions of their technology innovation., all of which make the study success provide better reference and lessons for those countries with different resources which need constitute relative policy for different regions economy developing .
This article foothold is to study and to propose the strategic thinking and countermeasure on breakthrough resource restraint. In the whole research, by drawing experience of the developing ways and means from domestic and foreign nation and regions, in order to achieve the effect that“Point-Surface, surface by point”and provide more specific reliable countermeasure for the government involved of regional government , the paper also take the concrete region as the illustrative case, mainly points out two regions: resources structure restraint eastern area and resources storage quantity restraint northeast old industrial base. Based on the resources condition analysis in each region, the article has analyzed the eastern region development ways , industrial policy choice, technological innovation strategic measures, provide the successful reference model cases for other regions so that promote the sustainable development.
Generally, the destination of this article is to make a systematic integration on the theory existed to make it abundant and insightful. It will make a sustainable development about the society under the conference of limitation of some area in the way of saving, substitute and recycling. Every regional government of China is obliged to know the situation of resources by the research achievements and abandon the the old way of economic growth by high input, low output, high cost and low efficiency. develop the economy guided by mature industrial policy and advanced technology, strive for providing Meso- level the region economy development, how should we embark from the region reality, the accurate localization, enhances strong points and avoid weaknesses, It should be on the prominence that to change the economic development model by breaking through the resource restraint on the economy by establishing industrial policy and by innovative technology. Adjustment and optimization of industrial structure will be achieved by seeking specific ways of regional development and by the ways mentioned above. The change from resource consumption-based to resource saving-based will be made to reach the sustainable development of regional economy.
As a result of many subjective and objective factor limits, the paper also has many deficiencies, how we integrates the affects of the resources to the economical development restraint and the influence from technology advancement, system factors to the economical development into one identical analysis frame, how we ensure the solutions of that insufficient implementation countermeasures under the resources restraint the Chinese economy development, which will await for being better in the future study.
引文
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