介休市水资源优化配置研究
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摘要
介休市位于山西省中部,地处太原盆地的南端,该市人口密集、工农业发达。介休市一方面水资源严重紧缺,另一方面用水效率低下,浪费严重,导致水资源供需矛盾突出。随着经济发展、人口增加、城镇化进程的加快,介休市的人口、资源、环境与经济发展的不协调性将会进一步显现。从长远利益考虑,有计划、有目标地利用水资源,建立适应社会经济发展的水资源供需结构,对于提高介休市水资源利用效率、改善地区生态环境、保障社会经济的持续发展具有十分重要的现实意义。
本文以水资源优化配置的基本理论为指导,结合介休市的实际情况和“十一五”发展规划,通过对介休市5个经济功能区的社会经济情况进行分析,构建了能体现介休市经济、社会和环境协调发展的水资源优化配置体系,并以此体系为理论依据,建立了适于介休市的水资源优化配置模型。该模型以供水取得的经济效益、主要污染物的排放量、粮食产量、就业人口、生态环境用水量为优化目标,以用水量和作物的播种面积为决策变量。通过MATLAB程序设计环境,用M-file Editor进行程序开发,编制了基于逐步宽容约束算法的水资源多目标优化配置模型的计算机应用程序,组成了自己的工具箱;利用MATLAB编译器和运行时服务器,生成独立的可执行程序,从而可以隐藏算法并避免依赖MATLAB;利用Excel生成器将M文件创建成Excel插件,从而实现与Lingo程序的无缝集成;在MATLAB搭建的软件平台上进行人机对话处理,最终获得介休市人口、经济、社会和环境整体效益最好的优化配置方案。经此方案配置后,介休市各方面发展相对比较均衡,协调度及整体满意度比较高。
通过介休市水资源的优化配置,有助于了解其供、用水关系,使有限的水资源发挥最大的社会效益、经济效益和环境效益,对实现介休市的水资源可持续利用和社会经济可持续发展具有重要的现实意义。
Jiexiu City is situated in the middle of Shanxi province and the south of Taiyuan basin. The city is densely populated and its industry and agriculture is developing prosperously. On the one hand, there is serious scarcity of water resources. On the other hand, the problem of inefficient utilization and waste of water exists all the time, which intensifies the contradiction between water supply and demand. With the economic development, population growth, the accelerated process of urbanization of Jiexiu City, the disharmony of population, resources, environment and economic development will be further demonstrated. Considering the long-term benefit, to utilize water resources with planning, and to establish proper supply and demand of water resources adapting to the development of social economy is significant for a variety of concerns, including improving the efficiency of water resources utilization, ameliorating ecological environment, and ensuring the sustainable development of social economy of Jiexiu City.
Based on the basic theories of optimal allocation of water resources and according to the actual situation of Jiexiu City and the outline of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan, by analyzing the socio-economic situation of five development zones of Jiexiu, this study builds an optimal configuration of water resources accommodating the coordinated development of economy, society and environment of Jiexiu. And on the theoretical grounds of this optimal system, it establishs an optimal allocation model that can be applied to the city. In the model, the optimized objective function is multi-objective, which is, the economic benefits of water supply, the emissions of major pollutants, and the output of crops, employment, and water consumption of the ecological environment. Water consumption and crop acreage are two determinative variables of the model. Through the environment designed with MATLAB program, the author employed M-file Editor to develop program and compiled computer application program of multi-objective optimized allocation of water resources based on gradual allowance restriction method and established the toolbox; With MATLAB complier and runtime server, it generate independent executable programs thus can conceal the algorithms and avoid relying on MATLAB; With Excel generator operates the M-file to create an Excel plug-in, and the seamless integration with Lingo program can be consequently achieved; Through Man-machine conversation on the software platform devised with MATLAB, the best optimized allocation of water resources for the population, economy, society and overall environmental benefits of Jiexiu City can be finally obtained. Through the application of this scheme, the development of Jiexiu City is relatively balanced and the coordination degree and the total satisfactory grade is relatively high.
Through optimizing the water resource allocation of Jiexiu City, the relation of water supply and demand can be well understood, and it make the limited water resources give play to the greatest social benefit, economic benefit and environmental benefit. The optimal allocation of water resources plays significant role in the city's process of sustainable utilization of water resources and sustainable development of social economy.
本文以水资源优化配置的基本理论为指导,结合介休市的实际情况和“十一五”发展规划,通过对介休市5个经济功能区的社会经济情况进行分析,构建了能体现介休市经济、社会和环境协调发展的水资源优化配置体系,并以此体系为理论依据,建立了适于介休市的水资源优化配置模型。该模型以供水取得的经济效益、主要污染物的排放量、粮食产量、就业人口、生态环境用水量为优化目标,以用水量和作物的播种面积为决策变量。通过MATLAB程序设计环境,用M-file Editor进行程序开发,编制了基于逐步宽容约束算法的水资源多目标优化配置模型的计算机应用程序,组成了自己的工具箱;利用MATLAB编译器和运行时服务器,生成独立的可执行程序,从而可以隐藏算法并避免依赖MATLAB;利用Excel生成器将M文件创建成Excel插件,从而实现与Lingo程序的无缝集成;在MATLAB搭建的软件平台上进行人机对话处理,最终获得介休市人口、经济、社会和环境整体效益最好的优化配置方案。经此方案配置后,介休市各方面发展相对比较均衡,协调度及整体满意度比较高。
通过介休市水资源的优化配置,有助于了解其供、用水关系,使有限的水资源发挥最大的社会效益、经济效益和环境效益,对实现介休市的水资源可持续利用和社会经济可持续发展具有重要的现实意义。
Jiexiu City is situated in the middle of Shanxi province and the south of Taiyuan basin. The city is densely populated and its industry and agriculture is developing prosperously. On the one hand, there is serious scarcity of water resources. On the other hand, the problem of inefficient utilization and waste of water exists all the time, which intensifies the contradiction between water supply and demand. With the economic development, population growth, the accelerated process of urbanization of Jiexiu City, the disharmony of population, resources, environment and economic development will be further demonstrated. Considering the long-term benefit, to utilize water resources with planning, and to establish proper supply and demand of water resources adapting to the development of social economy is significant for a variety of concerns, including improving the efficiency of water resources utilization, ameliorating ecological environment, and ensuring the sustainable development of social economy of Jiexiu City.
Based on the basic theories of optimal allocation of water resources and according to the actual situation of Jiexiu City and the outline of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan, by analyzing the socio-economic situation of five development zones of Jiexiu, this study builds an optimal configuration of water resources accommodating the coordinated development of economy, society and environment of Jiexiu. And on the theoretical grounds of this optimal system, it establishs an optimal allocation model that can be applied to the city. In the model, the optimized objective function is multi-objective, which is, the economic benefits of water supply, the emissions of major pollutants, and the output of crops, employment, and water consumption of the ecological environment. Water consumption and crop acreage are two determinative variables of the model. Through the environment designed with MATLAB program, the author employed M-file Editor to develop program and compiled computer application program of multi-objective optimized allocation of water resources based on gradual allowance restriction method and established the toolbox; With MATLAB complier and runtime server, it generate independent executable programs thus can conceal the algorithms and avoid relying on MATLAB; With Excel generator operates the M-file to create an Excel plug-in, and the seamless integration with Lingo program can be consequently achieved; Through Man-machine conversation on the software platform devised with MATLAB, the best optimized allocation of water resources for the population, economy, society and overall environmental benefits of Jiexiu City can be finally obtained. Through the application of this scheme, the development of Jiexiu City is relatively balanced and the coordination degree and the total satisfactory grade is relatively high.
Through optimizing the water resource allocation of Jiexiu City, the relation of water supply and demand can be well understood, and it make the limited water resources give play to the greatest social benefit, economic benefit and environmental benefit. The optimal allocation of water resources plays significant role in the city's process of sustainable utilization of water resources and sustainable development of social economy.
引文
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