温度湿度压力测量仪
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摘要
温度、湿度是非常重要的物理参数,温湿度测量及控制技术广泛应用于气象监测、食品仓储、工农业生产、军事及工业控制中。因而,构建一个安全可靠的高精密温度湿度测量系统具有重要的社会和经济意义。
本课题的主要任务是完成一个高精度的温度、湿度及压力测量系统。通过综合分析国内外温度湿度压力测量技术现状,提出了一种将单片机技术和干湿球测湿原理结合的设计方案,并完成了相应硬件电路、软件系统的设计。
系统以热力学干湿球理论作为温湿度测量基础,硬件电路采用单片机AT89C52为控制核心,外扩GAL16V8逻辑控制、E2PROM存储器28C04、DS12887实时时钟等电路;以LPTC热敏电阻作为感温元件,采用平衡电桥法测量15路温度信号,获得准确的干、湿球温度,然后借助干湿球方程换算出7路湿度值;采用美国ICSensors公司的17型带温度补偿硅压阻式压力传感器芯片测量1路大气压力;配合多路转换开关CD4051和CD4052、双斜率积分模数转换器ICL7135、低噪声高精密运算放大器OP07等实现温度、湿度、压力的高精度测量;通过4×6矩阵键盘、OLED液晶显示终端、串行通信口等为用户提供良好的人机接口,便于校调。软件设计采用模块化,主要包括主程序、温度和压力数据采集程序、湿度计算程序、参数存储和修正程序、画面显示结构及液晶驱动程序、键盘驱动程序等功能模块。
经实际运行测试表明,本温度湿度压力测量仪简单可靠、可维护性好,测温精度可达到±0.01℃,相对湿度的测量准确度可优于1%RH,同时,它可一机多用,既能完成高精度的温湿度标准表的功能,又能方便地应用于普通环境空间布点的温湿度测量,具有重要的经济价值和实用价值,应用前景良好。
As important physical parameters, temperature and humidity are widely used in meteorology monitoring, food storage, industrial and agricultural production , military and industrial control fields. It’s of great social and economic meaning to build a reliable high precision temperature and humidity measurement system.
The chief task of the subject is to build a high precision temperature, humidity and pressure measuring system. On the of basis analysis on the development status of measuring technique, we designed a system base on Principles of dry and wet bulb combined with microcontroller technologies, and accomplished the related hardware and software design.
The measurement of temperature and humidity of this system is based on the principles of dry and wet bulb. Putting Single-chip Microcomputer AT89C52 whick with External Interface ciucuit of GAL16V8 logic control,E2PROM 28C04 and real time clock DS12887 as the control core,adopting LPTC thermistor and Balanced Bridge to measure 15-channel temperature values, and then using equation of dry and wet bulb to calculate the relative 7-channel humidity values, adopting ICSensors Co.’s 17 piezoresistance pressure transducer to measure atmospheric pressure, and in coordination with MPX (CD4051,CD4052), A/D converter ICL7135,High Precision operational amplifier OP07, the system can achieve high precision measurement of temperature, humidity and pressure. Equipped with 4×6 matrix keyboard, OLED display terminal, serial communication etc., the instrument can provide friendly MMI. Modularization software includes: main procedure, data collection procedure, the calculation procedure, parameter storage and calibration procedures, display program and keyboard driver etc.
Practical test shows the system’s perfect reliability and maintainability. With the temperature measuring precision of±0.01℃and the relative humidity measuring accuracy better than 1%RH,as well as its flexible uses , the instrument is of great social and economic value and have a bright application prospect.
本课题的主要任务是完成一个高精度的温度、湿度及压力测量系统。通过综合分析国内外温度湿度压力测量技术现状,提出了一种将单片机技术和干湿球测湿原理结合的设计方案,并完成了相应硬件电路、软件系统的设计。
系统以热力学干湿球理论作为温湿度测量基础,硬件电路采用单片机AT89C52为控制核心,外扩GAL16V8逻辑控制、E2PROM存储器28C04、DS12887实时时钟等电路;以LPTC热敏电阻作为感温元件,采用平衡电桥法测量15路温度信号,获得准确的干、湿球温度,然后借助干湿球方程换算出7路湿度值;采用美国ICSensors公司的17型带温度补偿硅压阻式压力传感器芯片测量1路大气压力;配合多路转换开关CD4051和CD4052、双斜率积分模数转换器ICL7135、低噪声高精密运算放大器OP07等实现温度、湿度、压力的高精度测量;通过4×6矩阵键盘、OLED液晶显示终端、串行通信口等为用户提供良好的人机接口,便于校调。软件设计采用模块化,主要包括主程序、温度和压力数据采集程序、湿度计算程序、参数存储和修正程序、画面显示结构及液晶驱动程序、键盘驱动程序等功能模块。
经实际运行测试表明,本温度湿度压力测量仪简单可靠、可维护性好,测温精度可达到±0.01℃,相对湿度的测量准确度可优于1%RH,同时,它可一机多用,既能完成高精度的温湿度标准表的功能,又能方便地应用于普通环境空间布点的温湿度测量,具有重要的经济价值和实用价值,应用前景良好。
As important physical parameters, temperature and humidity are widely used in meteorology monitoring, food storage, industrial and agricultural production , military and industrial control fields. It’s of great social and economic meaning to build a reliable high precision temperature and humidity measurement system.
The chief task of the subject is to build a high precision temperature, humidity and pressure measuring system. On the of basis analysis on the development status of measuring technique, we designed a system base on Principles of dry and wet bulb combined with microcontroller technologies, and accomplished the related hardware and software design.
The measurement of temperature and humidity of this system is based on the principles of dry and wet bulb. Putting Single-chip Microcomputer AT89C52 whick with External Interface ciucuit of GAL16V8 logic control,E2PROM 28C04 and real time clock DS12887 as the control core,adopting LPTC thermistor and Balanced Bridge to measure 15-channel temperature values, and then using equation of dry and wet bulb to calculate the relative 7-channel humidity values, adopting ICSensors Co.’s 17 piezoresistance pressure transducer to measure atmospheric pressure, and in coordination with MPX (CD4051,CD4052), A/D converter ICL7135,High Precision operational amplifier OP07, the system can achieve high precision measurement of temperature, humidity and pressure. Equipped with 4×6 matrix keyboard, OLED display terminal, serial communication etc., the instrument can provide friendly MMI. Modularization software includes: main procedure, data collection procedure, the calculation procedure, parameter storage and calibration procedures, display program and keyboard driver etc.
Practical test shows the system’s perfect reliability and maintainability. With the temperature measuring precision of±0.01℃and the relative humidity measuring accuracy better than 1%RH,as well as its flexible uses , the instrument is of great social and economic value and have a bright application prospect.
引文
[1]赵升,高精密温度温度测试系统研究[D].合肥工业大学,2005.
[2] GB/T 11605-2005,温度测量方法[S].2005.12.1.
[3]李吉林,汪开道,张锦霞等.温度计量[M].北京:中国计量出版社,2006.
[4]范金鹏,权学理,湿度仪器[Z].
[5] JJF1012-2007,湿度与水分计量名词术语及定义[S].
[6]李英干,范金鹏,湿度测量[M].北京:气象出版社,1990.
[7] GB/T 11605-1989,湿度测量方法[S].1990.3.1.
[8]康志茹,李小婷,不同湿度测量方法的比较及分析[J].计量技术,2006(6):40-41
[9]吴峰华,王德福,姜传贤等,干湿球法湿度测量精度算法研究[J].装备环境工程.2009(05).
[10]王成,乔晓军,张云鹤,徐志龙,机械通风式干湿球湿度传感器测量误差分析[J].现代科学仪器, 2008.(01).
[11]沙占有,智能化温度传感原理及应用[M]北京:机械工业出版社,2002.6:103.
[12]郭晓林,彭放英,一种实用智能温湿度传感器[J].传感器世界.1997(10):41.
[13]吴振宇,毛德祥,吴超,新型数字干湿球湿度传感器[J].传感器技术.2004年第23卷第11期.
[14]新力,干湿球法自动测量环境温湿度的技术措施[J]热能动力工程1990.1
[15]梅一珉,刘国越,叶永伟,数字式湿度计的设计[J].浙江工业大学学报.2003年第04期.
[16]林军.干湿球湿度计测量原理与影响因素研究[J].中国计量.2008(10):80-81.
[17]黄晓因,张连根,干湿球法测量相对湿度算法研究及单片机实现[J].云南民族大学学报(自然科学版)2003(7)
[18] http :// www. 21ic. com/ download/ 4051.pdf
[19] http :// www. 21ic. com/ download/ 4052.pdf
[20]赵子珍,梁尊,李树川等.热敏电阻测量仪的探讨[J].广西物理,2007(3):54
[21]卢冬冬,数字式标准温湿度测量仪的设计[D].河北大学,2009.
[22]美国ICSENSORS公司.17型超稳芯片资料.
[23]纪宗南.ICL7135 41/2位A/D转换器与单片机的接口电路[J].集成电路应用,1989(4).
[24] ICL7135, 41/2 Digit,BCD Output, A/D Converter
[25] Philips Semiconductors. P89C51RB2/ P89C51RC2/ AT89C52.DATA SHEET .2001-06-27.
[26]马一兵.基于AT89C52单片机系统远程程序下载的实现[J].世界电子元器件,2003(2):52.
[27]纂声波,褚东升,刘滨等.基于AT89C52IAP功能的数据存取与软件升级[J].单片机与嵌入系统应用,2002(11):46.
[28]靖敏.GAL16V8用于步进电动机驱动器.电器时代,2002(3):41.
[29] Lattice Semconductor corporation.GAL16V8 High Performance E2CMOS PLD Generic Array Logic.
[30]唐鹏程,邹九朋,I2C串行总线原理及其在单片机接口中的应用[J].世界电子元器件,2003年06期64.
[31] ATMEL公司,AT24XX DATE SHEET,1996.
[32]孔令成,王华.串行E2PROM AT24CXX的原理及应用[J].国外电子元器件,1997(8):43.
[33]薛文牛,戴新生.实时时钟芯片DS12887的原理及应用[J].集成电路应用,2001(10):76
[34]吴玉宝.基于芯片DS2887的电子时钟日历系统的设计和制作[J].电子制作,2007(3):40-41
[35]北京迪文科技有限公司.智能显示终端开发指南.
[36] MAX232, MAX232IDUAL EIA-232 DRIVER/RECEIVER.
[2] GB/T 11605-2005,温度测量方法[S].2005.12.1.
[3]李吉林,汪开道,张锦霞等.温度计量[M].北京:中国计量出版社,2006.
[4]范金鹏,权学理,湿度仪器[Z].
[5] JJF1012-2007,湿度与水分计量名词术语及定义[S].
[6]李英干,范金鹏,湿度测量[M].北京:气象出版社,1990.
[7] GB/T 11605-1989,湿度测量方法[S].1990.3.1.
[8]康志茹,李小婷,不同湿度测量方法的比较及分析[J].计量技术,2006(6):40-41
[9]吴峰华,王德福,姜传贤等,干湿球法湿度测量精度算法研究[J].装备环境工程.2009(05).
[10]王成,乔晓军,张云鹤,徐志龙,机械通风式干湿球湿度传感器测量误差分析[J].现代科学仪器, 2008.(01).
[11]沙占有,智能化温度传感原理及应用[M]北京:机械工业出版社,2002.6:103.
[12]郭晓林,彭放英,一种实用智能温湿度传感器[J].传感器世界.1997(10):41.
[13]吴振宇,毛德祥,吴超,新型数字干湿球湿度传感器[J].传感器技术.2004年第23卷第11期.
[14]新力,干湿球法自动测量环境温湿度的技术措施[J]热能动力工程1990.1
[15]梅一珉,刘国越,叶永伟,数字式湿度计的设计[J].浙江工业大学学报.2003年第04期.
[16]林军.干湿球湿度计测量原理与影响因素研究[J].中国计量.2008(10):80-81.
[17]黄晓因,张连根,干湿球法测量相对湿度算法研究及单片机实现[J].云南民族大学学报(自然科学版)2003(7)
[18] http :// www. 21ic. com/ download/ 4051.pdf
[19] http :// www. 21ic. com/ download/ 4052.pdf
[20]赵子珍,梁尊,李树川等.热敏电阻测量仪的探讨[J].广西物理,2007(3):54
[21]卢冬冬,数字式标准温湿度测量仪的设计[D].河北大学,2009.
[22]美国ICSENSORS公司.17型超稳芯片资料.
[23]纪宗南.ICL7135 41/2位A/D转换器与单片机的接口电路[J].集成电路应用,1989(4).
[24] ICL7135, 41/2 Digit,BCD Output, A/D Converter
[25] Philips Semiconductors. P89C51RB2/ P89C51RC2/ AT89C52.DATA SHEET .2001-06-27.
[26]马一兵.基于AT89C52单片机系统远程程序下载的实现[J].世界电子元器件,2003(2):52.
[27]纂声波,褚东升,刘滨等.基于AT89C52IAP功能的数据存取与软件升级[J].单片机与嵌入系统应用,2002(11):46.
[28]靖敏.GAL16V8用于步进电动机驱动器.电器时代,2002(3):41.
[29] Lattice Semconductor corporation.GAL16V8 High Performance E2CMOS PLD Generic Array Logic.
[30]唐鹏程,邹九朋,I2C串行总线原理及其在单片机接口中的应用[J].世界电子元器件,2003年06期64.
[31] ATMEL公司,AT24XX DATE SHEET,1996.
[32]孔令成,王华.串行E2PROM AT24CXX的原理及应用[J].国外电子元器件,1997(8):43.
[33]薛文牛,戴新生.实时时钟芯片DS12887的原理及应用[J].集成电路应用,2001(10):76
[34]吴玉宝.基于芯片DS2887的电子时钟日历系统的设计和制作[J].电子制作,2007(3):40-41
[35]北京迪文科技有限公司.智能显示终端开发指南.
[36] MAX232, MAX232IDUAL EIA-232 DRIVER/RECEIVER.