热声部件声特性的数值模拟研究
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摘要
热声热机是一种全新的热能转换装置,工作于热声效应机理,并以绿色环保、结构简单、可利用低品位能源的诸多优点引起了众多研究者的重视。
热声热机主要的部件有冷(热)端换热器、回热器和谐振管。其中谐振管起着影响共振频率、维持平面声场、储存部分声能的作用;回热器是热声热机中实现热声效应的核心部件,这两个部件从来都是热声学研究的重点与难点。近年来商用流体计算软件Fluent被引入到了热声学的研究中,在全面的了解前人研究成果后,本文对谐振管及回热器的声特征进行了研究。主要有如下几个方面:
1.探讨Fluent模拟计算热声声场的可行性。分别从波动理论的基本原理出发并采用Fluent软件对热声谐振管管内的声场沿程压比分布进行了计算,二者得出了相一致的结论,从另一个方面再次验证了采用Fluent模拟计算的可行性。
2.工作压力对谐振管压比影响的研究。首次针对驻波热声发动机几种不同管型的谐振管,系统的探讨了工作压力对压比的影响。研究表明:谐振管压比分布与管型、管长等因素有关;高的工作压力有利于提高谐振管的压比。并在课题组已有的实验条件下,验证了工作压力对压比影响的数值计算结论。
3.驻波型回热器内工质交变流动特性的数值模拟。以课题组设计的板叠回热器为研究模型,选择更切合实际的数值计算条件,利用Fluent模拟计算了驻波型回热器内工质的流动特性,结果表明:回热器内压力、速度、温度均呈现交变流动特性;且管内并不是一种理想的驻波声场。
Thermoacoustic engine is a new type of engine, which is based on the thermoacoustic effect, Due to its advantages of no-pollution,simple structure and high reliability, research on thermoacoustic engine are becoming new hot-points.
The main component of thermoacoustic engine is cold (hot) heat exchanger, regenerator and the resonant tube. The role of resonant tube in the system is influence resonance frequency、maintain sound field and storage part sound energy; Thermoacoustic effect, the basic mechanism of the thermoacoustic engine, occurs in the regenerator. As a result,these two components are the core component and a research hot-point in the field of thermoacoustic engine. Recently, the commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software FLUENT was introduced to the thermoacoustic research, after systematic understand previous research studies, the paper continues related research work about resonant tube and regenerator. Mainly includes the following respects:
1. The feasibility about simulated sound field in thermoacoustic system by Fluent is discussed. The pressure distribution along the straight resonator were calculated on the wave theory and simulated by Fluent,The results are well in agreement,which confirm that Fluent can be used in simulating the distribution of acoustic field from another side.
2. The study on the pressure ratio of the thermoacoustic resonator in different operating pressure. To several different type resonant tube of the standing wave thermoacoustic prime mover engine, the paper first study on the pressure ratio in different operating pressure. Results show that: The pressure distribution of resonator is relate with the type、length and so on; And the higher operating pressure is helpful to the pressure distribution of the resonator. In our existing condition of experiment, verifying the results of numerical simulation by experiment.
3. Numerical simulation and analyses of oscillating flow characteristics in the regenerator of standing wave thermoacoustic engine. The study sample is the parallel plate regenerator which is designed and manufactured by our research group. A software on computational fluid dynamics,Fluent, is introduced to simulate the oscillating characteristics in the parallel plate fold regenerator. Results show that the pressure、velocity and temperature is changing with the change of time and location;The numerical simulation results also proved that acoustic structure in the standing wave system is not ideal standing wave.
热声热机主要的部件有冷(热)端换热器、回热器和谐振管。其中谐振管起着影响共振频率、维持平面声场、储存部分声能的作用;回热器是热声热机中实现热声效应的核心部件,这两个部件从来都是热声学研究的重点与难点。近年来商用流体计算软件Fluent被引入到了热声学的研究中,在全面的了解前人研究成果后,本文对谐振管及回热器的声特征进行了研究。主要有如下几个方面:
1.探讨Fluent模拟计算热声声场的可行性。分别从波动理论的基本原理出发并采用Fluent软件对热声谐振管管内的声场沿程压比分布进行了计算,二者得出了相一致的结论,从另一个方面再次验证了采用Fluent模拟计算的可行性。
2.工作压力对谐振管压比影响的研究。首次针对驻波热声发动机几种不同管型的谐振管,系统的探讨了工作压力对压比的影响。研究表明:谐振管压比分布与管型、管长等因素有关;高的工作压力有利于提高谐振管的压比。并在课题组已有的实验条件下,验证了工作压力对压比影响的数值计算结论。
3.驻波型回热器内工质交变流动特性的数值模拟。以课题组设计的板叠回热器为研究模型,选择更切合实际的数值计算条件,利用Fluent模拟计算了驻波型回热器内工质的流动特性,结果表明:回热器内压力、速度、温度均呈现交变流动特性;且管内并不是一种理想的驻波声场。
Thermoacoustic engine is a new type of engine, which is based on the thermoacoustic effect, Due to its advantages of no-pollution,simple structure and high reliability, research on thermoacoustic engine are becoming new hot-points.
The main component of thermoacoustic engine is cold (hot) heat exchanger, regenerator and the resonant tube. The role of resonant tube in the system is influence resonance frequency、maintain sound field and storage part sound energy; Thermoacoustic effect, the basic mechanism of the thermoacoustic engine, occurs in the regenerator. As a result,these two components are the core component and a research hot-point in the field of thermoacoustic engine. Recently, the commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software FLUENT was introduced to the thermoacoustic research, after systematic understand previous research studies, the paper continues related research work about resonant tube and regenerator. Mainly includes the following respects:
1. The feasibility about simulated sound field in thermoacoustic system by Fluent is discussed. The pressure distribution along the straight resonator were calculated on the wave theory and simulated by Fluent,The results are well in agreement,which confirm that Fluent can be used in simulating the distribution of acoustic field from another side.
2. The study on the pressure ratio of the thermoacoustic resonator in different operating pressure. To several different type resonant tube of the standing wave thermoacoustic prime mover engine, the paper first study on the pressure ratio in different operating pressure. Results show that: The pressure distribution of resonator is relate with the type、length and so on; And the higher operating pressure is helpful to the pressure distribution of the resonator. In our existing condition of experiment, verifying the results of numerical simulation by experiment.
3. Numerical simulation and analyses of oscillating flow characteristics in the regenerator of standing wave thermoacoustic engine. The study sample is the parallel plate regenerator which is designed and manufactured by our research group. A software on computational fluid dynamics,Fluent, is introduced to simulate the oscillating characteristics in the parallel plate fold regenerator. Results show that the pressure、velocity and temperature is changing with the change of time and location;The numerical simulation results also proved that acoustic structure in the standing wave system is not ideal standing wave.
引文
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