数字电视业务信息及EPG/NVOD的研究与实现
摘要
数字电视业务信息标准是多路数字电视节目传输、条件接收及收费系统、电子节目指南、多媒体系统及其他增值业务的基础。电子节目指南(EPG)是数字电视系统的重要组成部分,是用户进入数字电视的门户。通过使用电子节目指南,用户可以方便地浏览和查询节目,了解节目信息,快速定位节目的位置,并获得丰富的信息服务。准视频点播(NVOD)是数字电视非常重要的增值业务,是利用视频服务器将一个数字电视节目在几个数字通道中延时播放,使用户在点播该节目时可以等待一段时间后完整地观看该节目。
目前,在所有数字电视标准中,欧洲的DVB制式应用最广泛、最灵活。本论文基于DVB有线数字电视机顶盒课题,选用意法半导体公司提供的STi7710芯片作为嵌入式主芯片,并同时采用ST-OS20嵌入式实时操作系统作为软件开发平台,完成的工作及其特点如下:
首先,基于MPEG-2 PSI(节目特定信息)标准和DVB SI(业务信息)标准,利用PTI(可编程传输接口)解复用出PSI/SI表,通过解析这些表和一些重要的描述符,获得重要的业务信息,建立了业务信息数据库。其中,软件模块的层次化和业务信息数据库的树状链表结构是本课题的特色。
其次,在业务信息功能实现的基础上,通过业务信息数据库获得EPG数据;然后实现了电子节目指南的基本功能和一些扩展功能,特别是扩展功能中的EPG风格选择功能和动态数据发布功能体现了EPG多功能化和个性化的发展方向。
最后,利用部分业务信息功能,获得了NVOD数据,完成了准视频点播的功能实现,使用户能完整地观看自己喜爱的点播节目。
在本课题的软件设计中,充分应用了任务、信号量、消息队列等机制,并注重了层次化、模块化的设计思想,保证系统的稳定性和软件的可维护性。
本论文从整体上实现了数字电视业务信息功能以及电子节目指南和准视频点播,改变了以前用户被动收看电视节目的状态,增加了与用户之间的交互性,为以后数字电视其他业务的实现打下了基础。
Digital TV (DTV) Service Information (SI) standard is the basis of multi-program transmission, Conditional Access (CA), Charge system, Electronic Program Guide (EPG), multi-media system and other value added services. EPG is the graphic user interface which implements the interaction between users and DTV, it’s a crucial part of DTV system. Users can be free to browse and query the program information and other service information effectively through EPG. Near Video On Demand (NVOD) is also a very important value added service in DTV system, it can store videos in servers and play them in more than one digital channels with time-shift, so users can order programs they want, and watch the program in several minutes.
For the time being, DVB (Europe) is the most flexible and widely used protocol in all DTV standards. In this cable DTV Set Top Box (STB) project for degree, I choose DVB protocol, and ST Sti7710 as main MCU chip, ST-OS20 embedded operating system as software platform. Below is the process of my work:
Firstly, build up service information database based on MPEG-2 Program Specified Information (PSI) and DVB SI standard, in which layer-orientated design of software module and tree style chain list architecture of SI database are highlights of this project. I obtain important service information by using the Programmable Transmission Interface (PTI) module of Sti7710 to parse PSI/SI tables and many important description symbols in the table.
Secondly, use service information functions and database to query EPG data, and implement not only basic features like EPG browsing and notifying, but also extended features such as style choosing and dynamic data publishing. These extended features reveal that EPG will contain more and more features and will be more customized in the future.
Finally, accomplish implementation of NVOD feature by using part of service information to query NVOD data, which can provide intact NVOD program to users.
In software design of this project, I emphasized the design thought to be module and layer oriented, and used effectively the embedded operating system mechanism such as task, semaphore and message queue etc. to ensure the stability and sustainability of the software system.
This project implements an integrated DTV system with SI, EPG and NVOD, which can make users not just receive TV programs but also interact with TV system. This project also provides a basis for implementation and application of other DTV services.
目前,在所有数字电视标准中,欧洲的DVB制式应用最广泛、最灵活。本论文基于DVB有线数字电视机顶盒课题,选用意法半导体公司提供的STi7710芯片作为嵌入式主芯片,并同时采用ST-OS20嵌入式实时操作系统作为软件开发平台,完成的工作及其特点如下:
首先,基于MPEG-2 PSI(节目特定信息)标准和DVB SI(业务信息)标准,利用PTI(可编程传输接口)解复用出PSI/SI表,通过解析这些表和一些重要的描述符,获得重要的业务信息,建立了业务信息数据库。其中,软件模块的层次化和业务信息数据库的树状链表结构是本课题的特色。
其次,在业务信息功能实现的基础上,通过业务信息数据库获得EPG数据;然后实现了电子节目指南的基本功能和一些扩展功能,特别是扩展功能中的EPG风格选择功能和动态数据发布功能体现了EPG多功能化和个性化的发展方向。
最后,利用部分业务信息功能,获得了NVOD数据,完成了准视频点播的功能实现,使用户能完整地观看自己喜爱的点播节目。
在本课题的软件设计中,充分应用了任务、信号量、消息队列等机制,并注重了层次化、模块化的设计思想,保证系统的稳定性和软件的可维护性。
本论文从整体上实现了数字电视业务信息功能以及电子节目指南和准视频点播,改变了以前用户被动收看电视节目的状态,增加了与用户之间的交互性,为以后数字电视其他业务的实现打下了基础。
Digital TV (DTV) Service Information (SI) standard is the basis of multi-program transmission, Conditional Access (CA), Charge system, Electronic Program Guide (EPG), multi-media system and other value added services. EPG is the graphic user interface which implements the interaction between users and DTV, it’s a crucial part of DTV system. Users can be free to browse and query the program information and other service information effectively through EPG. Near Video On Demand (NVOD) is also a very important value added service in DTV system, it can store videos in servers and play them in more than one digital channels with time-shift, so users can order programs they want, and watch the program in several minutes.
For the time being, DVB (Europe) is the most flexible and widely used protocol in all DTV standards. In this cable DTV Set Top Box (STB) project for degree, I choose DVB protocol, and ST Sti7710 as main MCU chip, ST-OS20 embedded operating system as software platform. Below is the process of my work:
Firstly, build up service information database based on MPEG-2 Program Specified Information (PSI) and DVB SI standard, in which layer-orientated design of software module and tree style chain list architecture of SI database are highlights of this project. I obtain important service information by using the Programmable Transmission Interface (PTI) module of Sti7710 to parse PSI/SI tables and many important description symbols in the table.
Secondly, use service information functions and database to query EPG data, and implement not only basic features like EPG browsing and notifying, but also extended features such as style choosing and dynamic data publishing. These extended features reveal that EPG will contain more and more features and will be more customized in the future.
Finally, accomplish implementation of NVOD feature by using part of service information to query NVOD data, which can provide intact NVOD program to users.
In software design of this project, I emphasized the design thought to be module and layer oriented, and used effectively the embedded operating system mechanism such as task, semaphore and message queue etc. to ensure the stability and sustainability of the software system.
This project implements an integrated DTV system with SI, EPG and NVOD, which can make users not just receive TV programs but also interact with TV system. This project also provides a basis for implementation and application of other DTV services.
引文
[1]赵坚勇.数字电视技术.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社, 2005: 3-4
[2]刘文开,刘远航.有线广播数字电视技术.北京:人民邮电出版社, 2003: 173-187
[3]钟玉琢,乔秉新,祁卫.运动图像及其伴音通用编码国际标准:MPEG-2.北京:清华大学出版社, 1999: 1-37
[4] ETSI ETR 154,“Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Implementation guidelines for the use of MPEG-2 Systems, Video and Audio in satellite, cable and terrestrial broadcasting applications”, 1997: 10-17
[5]刘玉文.有线数字电视服务平台电子节目指南(EPG)的研究与设计: [硕士学位论文].成都:电子科技大学, 2005: 12-15
[6]方涛.数字电视业务信息及其编码.北京:国防工业出版社, 2005: 65-93
[7]王文静.数字电视业务信息和电子节目指南系统研究: [硕士学位论文].天津:天津大学, 2005: 12-13
[8] Sti7710 low-cost interactive set-top box decoder datasheet, STMicroelectronics, 2004, 9: 1-17
[9] STLite/OS20 Real-Time Kernel Reference Manual, STMicroelectronics, 2001: 17-78
[10] ST20 Embedded Toolset R1.9 User Manual, STMicroelectronics, 2001, 12
[11] STPTI driver API, STMicroelectronics, 2006, 3: 8-32
[12]陈明.数据结构(C语言版).北京:清华大学出版社, 2005, 9: 31-95
[13]黄迪明.软件技术基础.成都:电子科技大学出版社, 1998, 10: 181-191
[14] ETSI ETR 162,“Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Allocation of Service Information (SI) codes for Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB) systems”, 1995, 10: 9
[15]廖洪涛,徐征.数字电视业务支撑系统.北京:电子工业出版社, 2007, 1: 261-271
[16] ETSI ETR 101 211,“Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Guidelines on implementation and usage of service information (SI)”, 2004
[17]包天珍,郑敏华,崔竞飞,等.国家广播电视总局EPG规范.2003, 1: 8-13
[18]史亚军,包杰,姜杰.DVB数据广播中对象轮播技术的研究与实现.中国有线电视, 2006, 24: 2408
[19]段凯,刘卫忠.基于DVB标准的动态加载数据广播业务的方案实现.中国有线电视, 2004, 12: 13-15
[20]汪克宏.准视频点播技术在有线数字电视平台上的应用.中国有线电视, 2004, 23: 31-34
[21]郭奕,唐继勇.NVOD系统分析以及关键技术研究.中国有线电视, 2006, 16: 1576-1579
[22]谭浩强.C程序设计(第二版).北京:清华大学出版社, 2002
[23] Final draft ETSI EN 300 468 V1.6.1,“Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Specification for Service Information (SI) in DVB systems”, 2006
[24]玛格赫丽塔·帕加尼.多媒体与互动数字电视(罗晓军,王佳航,王震宇译).北京:人民邮电出版社, 2006, 8: 97-131
[2]刘文开,刘远航.有线广播数字电视技术.北京:人民邮电出版社, 2003: 173-187
[3]钟玉琢,乔秉新,祁卫.运动图像及其伴音通用编码国际标准:MPEG-2.北京:清华大学出版社, 1999: 1-37
[4] ETSI ETR 154,“Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Implementation guidelines for the use of MPEG-2 Systems, Video and Audio in satellite, cable and terrestrial broadcasting applications”, 1997: 10-17
[5]刘玉文.有线数字电视服务平台电子节目指南(EPG)的研究与设计: [硕士学位论文].成都:电子科技大学, 2005: 12-15
[6]方涛.数字电视业务信息及其编码.北京:国防工业出版社, 2005: 65-93
[7]王文静.数字电视业务信息和电子节目指南系统研究: [硕士学位论文].天津:天津大学, 2005: 12-13
[8] Sti7710 low-cost interactive set-top box decoder datasheet, STMicroelectronics, 2004, 9: 1-17
[9] STLite/OS20 Real-Time Kernel Reference Manual, STMicroelectronics, 2001: 17-78
[10] ST20 Embedded Toolset R1.9 User Manual, STMicroelectronics, 2001, 12
[11] STPTI driver API, STMicroelectronics, 2006, 3: 8-32
[12]陈明.数据结构(C语言版).北京:清华大学出版社, 2005, 9: 31-95
[13]黄迪明.软件技术基础.成都:电子科技大学出版社, 1998, 10: 181-191
[14] ETSI ETR 162,“Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Allocation of Service Information (SI) codes for Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB) systems”, 1995, 10: 9
[15]廖洪涛,徐征.数字电视业务支撑系统.北京:电子工业出版社, 2007, 1: 261-271
[16] ETSI ETR 101 211,“Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Guidelines on implementation and usage of service information (SI)”, 2004
[17]包天珍,郑敏华,崔竞飞,等.国家广播电视总局EPG规范.2003, 1: 8-13
[18]史亚军,包杰,姜杰.DVB数据广播中对象轮播技术的研究与实现.中国有线电视, 2006, 24: 2408
[19]段凯,刘卫忠.基于DVB标准的动态加载数据广播业务的方案实现.中国有线电视, 2004, 12: 13-15
[20]汪克宏.准视频点播技术在有线数字电视平台上的应用.中国有线电视, 2004, 23: 31-34
[21]郭奕,唐继勇.NVOD系统分析以及关键技术研究.中国有线电视, 2006, 16: 1576-1579
[22]谭浩强.C程序设计(第二版).北京:清华大学出版社, 2002
[23] Final draft ETSI EN 300 468 V1.6.1,“Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Specification for Service Information (SI) in DVB systems”, 2006
[24]玛格赫丽塔·帕加尼.多媒体与互动数字电视(罗晓军,王佳航,王震宇译).北京:人民邮电出版社, 2006, 8: 97-131