多功能高效节能装饰板研制与生产应用
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摘要
建筑节能是缓解能源紧张、解决社会经济发展与能源供应不足这对矛盾的最有效措施之一。相对其他建筑节能技术,外墙外保温的优越性明显:能避免产生建筑热桥,避免内墙面冬季结露;有利于保护主体结构,大大减少温度应力对结构的破坏作用,增加结构寿命。保温装饰一体化系统在外墙外保温技术的基础上,采用工厂预制生产、现场安装工艺,有利于提高建筑工业化、产品标准化、施工装配化水平,缩短施工工期。
FP板(多功能高效节能装饰板,Function Energy-efficient decorative plate)是指将外墙外保温系统中所要求的装饰、抗裂、保温等功能为一体的新型预制板材。本论文在外墙外保温体系要求的基础上提出了FP板结构设计的基本理论和实现方法,依照保温隔热原理进行FP功能节能层材料设计并开展应用理论基础研究,制备出功能保护层材料;初步建立了FP生产线,并探索了FP系统施工工艺。
根据功能梯度复合原理对FP板进行结构设计及理论研究:在传统外墙外保温技术及要求的基础上,FP板作为一种新型的保温隔热板材,还要求具有以下特点:①保温隔热能力强于传统保温隔热材料;②安全性高于传统外墙外保温系统;③防水抗裂能力高于传统外墙外保温系统;④施工、维护成本降低;⑤具有安全、独立的快速施工方法。研究表明对同一外墙主体进行外保温,在不增加外墙总厚度的基础上,应用了FP板的外墙平均传热系数较聚苯板外保温墙体的平均传热系数降低8%,其保温性能明显优于聚苯板外墙外保温体系。
FP板功能层材料研究:依据保温隔热原理,一方面采用热反射饰面材料降低其外界的热负荷,一方面对保温隔热材料进行改性,导热系数降低15～25%,保温隔热性能大大提高;同时力学性能提高一个密度等级,增加安全性,最后采用热容量较大的相变物质对热量进行储存,从而达到整体能量消耗的最低化。制备了以聚合物和高效释水材料为主要功能组分的FP板保护层材料,在此基础上进行材料优化设计解决开裂和工作性问题。研究表明:1)乳胶粉掺量控制在1.5%即对砂浆抗裂性能有改善作用,2)KHG-1掺量控制在2%即可提高水泥砂浆触变性,增大砂浆稳定性,3)对掺不同种类MC的砂浆性能进行测试,表明掺量控制在0.1%HPMC对砂浆工作性能调节最佳。
FP板独特生产工艺和FP系统施工工艺探讨:将材料在制备过程中的工艺设计与使用过程中的性能优化设计统一起来,制定独特的工艺参数及技术规程。配制FP专用粘结砂浆、勾缝剂等材料,提出FP专用的粘、锚形式,保证系统的安全性。
At present, the building energy conservation is thought to be the most direct effective way in energy conservation, the most effective actions to alleviate the energy tensity, to solve the contradictory between the socio-economic development and energy insufficient supply. Relative to other construction energy conservation technology, the superiority of EIFS is obvious: it can avoid producing the building hot bridge, avoid the wall surface winter condensation, benefit to protect main structure body, reduce the destructive effect temperature stress to the structure greatly, and increase the structure life. On the base of the EIFS technology, the heat preservation decoration integration system union the merit of prefabrication class plate, adopts the product prefabrication form in the factory, is make for controlling product quality; Has the characteristic of construction assembly and work efficiency higher.
FP means a prefabrication plat has the functions such as decorative、anti-crack、heat-preservation which are demanded in EIFS. The thesis proposes the elementary design theory of the FP structural and the method how to realize them, carries on the FP function energy-conservation level material design and the rationale application research according to 3 energy conservation ideas, prepares the function protector material; establishes the FP process line, and set down the FP system construction craft initially.
The structural design and the fundamental research of the FP according to function gradient compound principle: As a new kind of heat preservation-insulation plate, FP is also requested to satisfy following characteristic: 1) Heat preservation-insulation ability is better than traditional heat preservation-insulation material; 2) The security is higher than the traditional EIFS; 3) Waterproof resistance is higher than the traditional EIFS; 4) Construction, maintenance cost reduction; 5) Has safely, independent high-geared operation method. The result indicate: When the outside heat preservation on the same exposed wall has been carried out, on the basis of not increasing general thickness of exposed wall, the Km of FP system diminished above 8% compared to the EPS exposed wall heat preservation system, its heat preservation performance superiority to the EPS exposed wall heat preservation system.
FP function energy-conservation layer material design and research: According to 3 layer energy-conservation ideas, using the heat-reflection facing material to reduce the outside heat load on the one hand; on the other hand, carrying on the modification to the heat preservation thermal insulation material, then the thermal conductivity reduces 15-25% , the heat preservation heat insulation performance enhances greatly, and the mechanical properties enhance a density rank, increases the security; finally using PCM has a big calorific capacity to deposit the quantity of heat, thus achieves the overall energy consumption minimizing. Using the wate-released material and polymer as the major function component to prepared FP board protector material, in order to solve the dehiscence and work related question. The research indicated: 1) The emulsion powder mixes the quantity controlled at 1.5% to be possible to improve the mortar crack resistance function; 2) KHG-1 mixes the quantity controlled at 2% to be possible to enhance the cement mortar thixotropy and increase the mortar stability; 3) Carry the performance test on the mortar with different type MC, the results show that mixes the quantity control to be best at 0.1%HPMC to the mortar operating performance adjustment.
FP unique technique of production and FP system construction craft introduction: Unifying the technological design during the material preparation process and the performance optimization design during the project application, in order to formulate the unique technological parameter and the technical schedule. Confecting FP special-purpose caking mortar、pointing medicinal preparation material and so on. Proposing a special stick and anchor form of FP which benefit to guarantee system's security.
FP板(多功能高效节能装饰板,Function Energy-efficient decorative plate)是指将外墙外保温系统中所要求的装饰、抗裂、保温等功能为一体的新型预制板材。本论文在外墙外保温体系要求的基础上提出了FP板结构设计的基本理论和实现方法,依照保温隔热原理进行FP功能节能层材料设计并开展应用理论基础研究,制备出功能保护层材料;初步建立了FP生产线,并探索了FP系统施工工艺。
根据功能梯度复合原理对FP板进行结构设计及理论研究:在传统外墙外保温技术及要求的基础上,FP板作为一种新型的保温隔热板材,还要求具有以下特点:①保温隔热能力强于传统保温隔热材料;②安全性高于传统外墙外保温系统;③防水抗裂能力高于传统外墙外保温系统;④施工、维护成本降低;⑤具有安全、独立的快速施工方法。研究表明对同一外墙主体进行外保温,在不增加外墙总厚度的基础上,应用了FP板的外墙平均传热系数较聚苯板外保温墙体的平均传热系数降低8%,其保温性能明显优于聚苯板外墙外保温体系。
FP板功能层材料研究:依据保温隔热原理,一方面采用热反射饰面材料降低其外界的热负荷,一方面对保温隔热材料进行改性,导热系数降低15～25%,保温隔热性能大大提高;同时力学性能提高一个密度等级,增加安全性,最后采用热容量较大的相变物质对热量进行储存,从而达到整体能量消耗的最低化。制备了以聚合物和高效释水材料为主要功能组分的FP板保护层材料,在此基础上进行材料优化设计解决开裂和工作性问题。研究表明:1)乳胶粉掺量控制在1.5%即对砂浆抗裂性能有改善作用,2)KHG-1掺量控制在2%即可提高水泥砂浆触变性,增大砂浆稳定性,3)对掺不同种类MC的砂浆性能进行测试,表明掺量控制在0.1%HPMC对砂浆工作性能调节最佳。
FP板独特生产工艺和FP系统施工工艺探讨:将材料在制备过程中的工艺设计与使用过程中的性能优化设计统一起来,制定独特的工艺参数及技术规程。配制FP专用粘结砂浆、勾缝剂等材料,提出FP专用的粘、锚形式,保证系统的安全性。
At present, the building energy conservation is thought to be the most direct effective way in energy conservation, the most effective actions to alleviate the energy tensity, to solve the contradictory between the socio-economic development and energy insufficient supply. Relative to other construction energy conservation technology, the superiority of EIFS is obvious: it can avoid producing the building hot bridge, avoid the wall surface winter condensation, benefit to protect main structure body, reduce the destructive effect temperature stress to the structure greatly, and increase the structure life. On the base of the EIFS technology, the heat preservation decoration integration system union the merit of prefabrication class plate, adopts the product prefabrication form in the factory, is make for controlling product quality; Has the characteristic of construction assembly and work efficiency higher.
FP means a prefabrication plat has the functions such as decorative、anti-crack、heat-preservation which are demanded in EIFS. The thesis proposes the elementary design theory of the FP structural and the method how to realize them, carries on the FP function energy-conservation level material design and the rationale application research according to 3 energy conservation ideas, prepares the function protector material; establishes the FP process line, and set down the FP system construction craft initially.
The structural design and the fundamental research of the FP according to function gradient compound principle: As a new kind of heat preservation-insulation plate, FP is also requested to satisfy following characteristic: 1) Heat preservation-insulation ability is better than traditional heat preservation-insulation material; 2) The security is higher than the traditional EIFS; 3) Waterproof resistance is higher than the traditional EIFS; 4) Construction, maintenance cost reduction; 5) Has safely, independent high-geared operation method. The result indicate: When the outside heat preservation on the same exposed wall has been carried out, on the basis of not increasing general thickness of exposed wall, the Km of FP system diminished above 8% compared to the EPS exposed wall heat preservation system, its heat preservation performance superiority to the EPS exposed wall heat preservation system.
FP function energy-conservation layer material design and research: According to 3 layer energy-conservation ideas, using the heat-reflection facing material to reduce the outside heat load on the one hand; on the other hand, carrying on the modification to the heat preservation thermal insulation material, then the thermal conductivity reduces 15-25% , the heat preservation heat insulation performance enhances greatly, and the mechanical properties enhance a density rank, increases the security; finally using PCM has a big calorific capacity to deposit the quantity of heat, thus achieves the overall energy consumption minimizing. Using the wate-released material and polymer as the major function component to prepared FP board protector material, in order to solve the dehiscence and work related question. The research indicated: 1) The emulsion powder mixes the quantity controlled at 1.5% to be possible to improve the mortar crack resistance function; 2) KHG-1 mixes the quantity controlled at 2% to be possible to enhance the cement mortar thixotropy and increase the mortar stability; 3) Carry the performance test on the mortar with different type MC, the results show that mixes the quantity control to be best at 0.1%HPMC to the mortar operating performance adjustment.
FP unique technique of production and FP system construction craft introduction: Unifying the technological design during the material preparation process and the performance optimization design during the project application, in order to formulate the unique technological parameter and the technical schedule. Confecting FP special-purpose caking mortar、pointing medicinal preparation material and so on. Proposing a special stick and anchor form of FP which benefit to guarantee system's security.
引文
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