三角洲前缘相储层物性特征及调整方法研究
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摘要
我国大多数主力油田都属于陆相河流—三角洲沉积储层,如大庆的喇嘛甸、萨尔图和杏树岗等油田,这些油田基本上均已进入高含水后期开采阶段,尤其是以河流相发育为主的主力油层综合含水已达到90%以上,由于多油层砂岩油田存在层间的非均质性,油田的剩余油潜力主要集中在以三角洲前缘相发育为主的薄、差油层中,因此研究三角洲前缘相沉积储层的物性参数解释方法,深化其沉积模式及沉积特征的认识,进而落实油田开发调整潜力,优化调整挖潜方式,对提高老油田最终采收率具有重要的指导意义。
大庆长垣高台子油层是大庆油田主要的储集层之一,亦是大庆油田主要的储量构成部分。其中,萨尔图油田南二、三区高台子油层以三角洲外前缘亚相沉积储层发育为主,已进入高含水开采阶段,近些年以来,产油量递减速度有所加快。因此本论文选择萨尔图油田南二、三区高台子油层的三角洲外前缘亚相沉积储层的物性特征开展研究工作。
在研究工作中,针对三角洲外前缘相沉积储层孔隙结构复杂以及孔隙度、渗透率相关性较差的实际,传统的数理统计方法已不适合该类储层的物性参数预测,研究应用了高精度显微数字图像定量分析技术,确定了孔隙结构特点与孔、渗、饱的定量关系,建立了测井曲线参数与孔、渗、饱关系模型。同时,针对目前油田广泛采用的DLS数字化测井系列,研究应用了序参量的方法,通过理论分析建立了DLS数字化测井系列的孔隙度、渗透率、含水饱和度的解释模型。在此基础上,应用测井曲线矢量化反演技术,利用密闭取心资料、测井曲线资料,结合室内实验进行油层性质、开发规律的研究,通过精细地质解剖研究油层沉积背景、沉积环境、沉积特征,应用动静态资料、数值模拟方法研究油层动用状况,在开展相应加密调整现场试验的基础上,研究其开发调整方式,使该地区油田开发效果得到不断改善,有效指导了该类储层今后的调整挖潜。
Most main oilfields in China belong to continental river-delta deposit reservoirs, such as Lamadian、Sartu and Xingshugang fields in Daqing. These oilfields have been produced in high water-cut stage already, especially the main layers, which are mainly in fluvial facies growth; the total water-cut is up to 90%. Since there's inlayer heterogeneity in layered sandstone reservoirs and remaining oil potentials are mainly in thin or poor layers, which are mostly in delta front facies growth, this paper studies physical characteristics parameters interpretation methods for delta front deposit reservoirs to deepen the acknowledge to the depositional modes and features for further implementing the develop adjustment potentials and optimizing the potential tapping adjustment patterns. This practice has an important guiding sense to enhance the ultimate production recovery for mature oilfields.
Gaotaizi reservoir is one of main reservoirs and main reserve constitute in Daqing oilfield. Gaotaizi reservoir in NanⅡ、Ⅲzones in Sartu field have been produced in high water-cut stage, which are mainly in delta outer-front facies growth, and the production declining rate is faster in recent years. So this paper selects Gaotaizi reservoir in NanⅡ、Ⅲzones to make studies on physical characteristics.
During this research, delta outer-front facies sedimentary reservoirs have exposed such realities as follows: pore texture is complex, the correlativity between porosity and permeability is poor, and traditional mathematical statistics methods are not suitable for physical property prediction of this kind of reservoirs. This paper establishes the quantitative relations between pore texture characteristics and porosity、permeability and saturation, and builds the relational model between logs parameters and porosity、permeability and saturation by applying high-precision micro-digital image quantitative analysis technology. At the same time, this paper adopts sequential parameter method to establish porosity、permeability and water-saturation interpretation models by theoretical analysis under DLS, which is been widely used oilfields. By applying log vector inversion technology, pressure coring data and logs, this paper analysis the depositional setting、environments and characteristics under detailed geologic dissection; Combining with in-house laboratory analysis on the reservoir quality and development rules, this paper studies reservoir producing status by using dynamic and static data and numerical simulation method; It also studies the develop adjustment patterns on the basis of implementing in-site experiments of infill adjustments correspondingly. All the practices have improved the development effects, and have important guiding senses of tapping adjustment potentials in this reservoir in the future.
大庆长垣高台子油层是大庆油田主要的储集层之一,亦是大庆油田主要的储量构成部分。其中,萨尔图油田南二、三区高台子油层以三角洲外前缘亚相沉积储层发育为主,已进入高含水开采阶段,近些年以来,产油量递减速度有所加快。因此本论文选择萨尔图油田南二、三区高台子油层的三角洲外前缘亚相沉积储层的物性特征开展研究工作。
在研究工作中,针对三角洲外前缘相沉积储层孔隙结构复杂以及孔隙度、渗透率相关性较差的实际,传统的数理统计方法已不适合该类储层的物性参数预测,研究应用了高精度显微数字图像定量分析技术,确定了孔隙结构特点与孔、渗、饱的定量关系,建立了测井曲线参数与孔、渗、饱关系模型。同时,针对目前油田广泛采用的DLS数字化测井系列,研究应用了序参量的方法,通过理论分析建立了DLS数字化测井系列的孔隙度、渗透率、含水饱和度的解释模型。在此基础上,应用测井曲线矢量化反演技术,利用密闭取心资料、测井曲线资料,结合室内实验进行油层性质、开发规律的研究,通过精细地质解剖研究油层沉积背景、沉积环境、沉积特征,应用动静态资料、数值模拟方法研究油层动用状况,在开展相应加密调整现场试验的基础上,研究其开发调整方式,使该地区油田开发效果得到不断改善,有效指导了该类储层今后的调整挖潜。
Most main oilfields in China belong to continental river-delta deposit reservoirs, such as Lamadian、Sartu and Xingshugang fields in Daqing. These oilfields have been produced in high water-cut stage already, especially the main layers, which are mainly in fluvial facies growth; the total water-cut is up to 90%. Since there's inlayer heterogeneity in layered sandstone reservoirs and remaining oil potentials are mainly in thin or poor layers, which are mostly in delta front facies growth, this paper studies physical characteristics parameters interpretation methods for delta front deposit reservoirs to deepen the acknowledge to the depositional modes and features for further implementing the develop adjustment potentials and optimizing the potential tapping adjustment patterns. This practice has an important guiding sense to enhance the ultimate production recovery for mature oilfields.
Gaotaizi reservoir is one of main reservoirs and main reserve constitute in Daqing oilfield. Gaotaizi reservoir in NanⅡ、Ⅲzones in Sartu field have been produced in high water-cut stage, which are mainly in delta outer-front facies growth, and the production declining rate is faster in recent years. So this paper selects Gaotaizi reservoir in NanⅡ、Ⅲzones to make studies on physical characteristics.
During this research, delta outer-front facies sedimentary reservoirs have exposed such realities as follows: pore texture is complex, the correlativity between porosity and permeability is poor, and traditional mathematical statistics methods are not suitable for physical property prediction of this kind of reservoirs. This paper establishes the quantitative relations between pore texture characteristics and porosity、permeability and saturation, and builds the relational model between logs parameters and porosity、permeability and saturation by applying high-precision micro-digital image quantitative analysis technology. At the same time, this paper adopts sequential parameter method to establish porosity、permeability and water-saturation interpretation models by theoretical analysis under DLS, which is been widely used oilfields. By applying log vector inversion technology, pressure coring data and logs, this paper analysis the depositional setting、environments and characteristics under detailed geologic dissection; Combining with in-house laboratory analysis on the reservoir quality and development rules, this paper studies reservoir producing status by using dynamic and static data and numerical simulation method; It also studies the develop adjustment patterns on the basis of implementing in-site experiments of infill adjustments correspondingly. All the practices have improved the development effects, and have important guiding senses of tapping adjustment potentials in this reservoir in the future.
引文
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2 Dikkers A.j.著,冷鹏华等译.石油开发地质.石油工业出版社,1992
3 李伯虎.萨尔图油田南一、二、三区高台子油层开发方案.大庆石油管理局勘探开发研究院,1986.10.
4 袭亦楠.储层沉积学研究工程流程.石油勘探与开发,1990,No.1
5 吕晓光,唐金荣,田东辉.三角洲前缘相储层精细地质模型-沉积单元细分微相识别及非均质描述.大庆石油管理局勘探开发研究院,1998.10.
6 H.H.Haldorson,at al.,Challenges in Reservoir Characterization.AAPG Bull,1993,77(4),541-551
7 袭亦楠等.沉积方式与碎屑岩储层的层内非均质性.石油学报,1985,Vol.6,No.1
8 Bill Linville,Reservoir Characterization Ⅲ.Penn Well Publishing Company,1993
9 Ian D.Bryant,at al.,Integrated 3 -- D Geological Modeling of the CI Sands Reservoir,Maui Field,offshore New Zealand,AAPG Bulletin,1995,79(3),351-374
10 ScottL.Montgomery,Basic Reservoir Characteristics,Petroleum Frontiers,2004,Vol20,Nol-4,40-41.
11 郝以岭,周明顺,高敏等.华北采育地区砾岩储层测井解释技术探讨.中国石油勘探,2005(2):41-47
12 刘永江.浅述测井技术与解决地质问题,甘肃科技,2005(3):43-44
13 韩战江,付洁,史小平.储层物性解释方法,内蒙古石油化工,2003(2):95-96
14 蔺景龙,赵海波,姜涛.泥质分布形式对储层渗透率的影响,大庆石油学院学报,2004(3):1-3
15 Freulon X.L.at aI,Integrating Field Measurements with Conceptual Models to Produce a Detailed 3-D Geological Model.SPE 28877,99-108
16 慈建发,何世明,李振英.水淹层变化特征分析研究,断块油气田,2005(2):31-34
17 于强,程丽红,何战国.盘河断块区水淹层测井解释方法研究,内蒙古石油化工,2005(1):58-60
18 巢华庆主编.大庆油田油藏工程优秀论文集(1996-1998)[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1998.
19 Paul J.Hicks,Unconditional Sequential Gaussian Simulation for 3-D flow in a heterogeneous core.Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering 16,1996,209-219
20 唐洪,罗明高,颜其彬.薄差油层水淹解释研究,西南石油学院学报,2003(4):1-4
21 郎兆新.油气地下渗流力学:石油工业出版社,2001.11.
22 刘国庆,石才艳,刘江.含钙储层测井响应特征分析,物探与化探,2002(5):395-397
23 赵培华.油田开发水淹层测井技术:石油工业出版社,2003.12.
24 W.J.E.Van de Graft,at al.,Quantification of Macro to Mesgascale Reservoir Hetrogeneity:A Practical Approach Based on Computer Mapping Techniques.1992,SPE25001,391-398
25 刘洪涛.葡萄花油田储层参数解释方法研究,大庆石油地质与开发,2004(1):67-70
26 张青.求解含水饱和度的一种方法,断块油气田,2005(2):38-40
27 丁明海,潘书民,马恩军.含水饱和度测井新方法研究,测井技术,2005(1):20-29
28 Kyung- Hoe Kim at al.,Use of NMR Imaging For Determining Fluid Saturation Distributions During Multiphase Displacemem in Porous Media.SCA Conference Paper Number 9219,1992
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