基于UML的面向对象建模技术及应用
摘要
不断增长的复杂性、多样性和相互关联性是当今信息系统的共同特征。传统的面向功能开发方法，已逐渐不适应越来越复杂和多变的需求，其成果不能得到很好的重用。而面向对象建模技术能够有效地控制复杂性、适应多变性，具有灵活性、低风险性、可重用性，从而能提高系统开发的效率。UML是一种对面向对象系统进行可视化、详细描述、构造和文档化的标准建模语言。所以，从面向功能的开发方法转向使用UML的面向对象开发方法是信息系统开发的趋势。
本文主要论述了面向对象建模技术、UML，以及基于UML的面向对象建模过程，并运用以上技术建立起了图书分销系统的模型。相信本文能对信息系统的面向对象建模起到一定的借鉴作用。
Today, the information systems have become increasingly complex, multiplex and interactional. The traditional function-oriented methods of development cannot fit in with the complexity and inconstant requirements, and the result of analysis and design cannot be reused effectively. By comparison, object-oriented modeling technique is flexible, reusable and can reduce the risk of development because it makes the complexity and changeability in control. So object-oriented technique can improve the effectivity of software development. And Unified Modeling Language is a standard language for specifying, visualizing, constructing, and documenting the artifacts of object-oriented software systems. So the transformation from function-oriented methods to object-oriented methods is inevitable.
In this dissertation, I have discussed the object-oriented modeling technique including several famous object-oriented methods, the Unified Modeling Language and the development process based on the Unified Modeling Language, and have applied these technologies to model the complex information system-Books Distribution System. I believe that it will be significative to object-oriented modeling of information systems.
本文主要论述了面向对象建模技术、UML，以及基于UML的面向对象建模过程，并运用以上技术建立起了图书分销系统的模型。相信本文能对信息系统的面向对象建模起到一定的借鉴作用。
Today, the information systems have become increasingly complex, multiplex and interactional. The traditional function-oriented methods of development cannot fit in with the complexity and inconstant requirements, and the result of analysis and design cannot be reused effectively. By comparison, object-oriented modeling technique is flexible, reusable and can reduce the risk of development because it makes the complexity and changeability in control. So object-oriented technique can improve the effectivity of software development. And Unified Modeling Language is a standard language for specifying, visualizing, constructing, and documenting the artifacts of object-oriented software systems. So the transformation from function-oriented methods to object-oriented methods is inevitable.
In this dissertation, I have discussed the object-oriented modeling technique including several famous object-oriented methods, the Unified Modeling Language and the development process based on the Unified Modeling Language, and have applied these technologies to model the complex information system-Books Distribution System. I believe that it will be significative to object-oriented modeling of information systems.
引文
1．D．特卡奇，W．方，A．苏；可视化对象建模技术；北京：科学出版社，1999．4
2．邵维忠，杨芙清；面向对象的系统分析；北京：清华大学出版社，1998．12
3．Grady Booch，Ivar Jacobson，James Rumbaugh；UML参考手册；北京：机械工业出版社，2001．1
4．Grady Booch，Ivar Jacobson，James Rumbaugh；UML用户指南；北京：机械工业出版社，2001．6
5．Grady Booch，Ivar Jacobson，James Rumbaugh；统一软件开发过程；北京：机械工业出版社，2002．1
6. OMG; Unified Modeling Language Specification Version 1.3; http://www.rational.com/uml/, 1999.9
7．刘润东；UML对象设计与编程；北京：希望电子出版社，2001．3
8．Peter Coad，Edward Yourdon；面向对象的分析；北京：北京大学出版社，1992．2
9．Peter Coad，Edward Yourdon；面向对象的设计；北京：北京大学出版社，1994．12
10．刘超，张莉；可视化面向对象建模技术；北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，1999．7
11．蒋慧，吴礼发，陈卫卫；UML设计核心技术；北京：希望电子出版社，2001．1
12．Paul Dorsey，Joseph R．Hudicka；Oracle 8 UML对象建模设计；北京：机械工业出版社，2000．4
13．Wendy Boggs，Michael Boggs；UML with Rational Rose从入门到精通；北京：电子工业出版社，2000．3
14．Edward Yourdon，Carl Argila；实用面向对象软件工程教程；北京：电子工业出版社，1998．6
15．张莉，周伯生等；标准建模语言UML及其支持环境；计算机世界，1998．11
16．邵维忠，梅宏；统一建模语言UML述评；计算机研究与发展，1999．4
17. Ratiional公司; Rational Unified Process 2000; http://www.rational.com, 2000
18. Martin Fowler; Techniques for Object Oriented Analysis and Design; http://www.martinfowler.com/
19. Roger Smith; Defining the UML Kernel; http://www.sdmagazine.com/, 2000.10
20. Sjaak Brinkkemper, Shuguang Hong等; Object-Oriented Analysis and design Methods-a Review; http://wwwis.cs.utwente.nl:8080/dmrg/OODOC/oodoc/oo.html
21. James Rumbaugh; The Unified Modeling Language; http://www.umlchina.com
22. Pavel Hruby; Specification of Workflow Management Systems with UML; http://www.umlchina.com
23. Eduardo B. Fernandez, Xiaohong Yuan, Sandra Brey; Analysis Patterns for the Order and Shipment of a Product; http://www.umlchina.com, 2000
24. Eduardo B. Fernandez; Stock Manager: An Analysis Pattern for Inventories; http://www.umlchina.com
25. Pete McBreen; Using Use Cases for requirements capture; http://www.mcbreen.ab.ca, 1998
26. Scott W. Ambler; CRC Modeling: Bridging the Communication Gap Between Developers and Users; http://www.umlchina.com, 1998
27. Doug Rosenberg; Driving Design with Use cases; http://www.sdmagazine.com/, 2000.12
28. Alistair Cockburn; Writing Effective Use Cases(Pre-Pub. Draft#3); http://www.umlchina.com, 2000.2
29. Alfred Strohmeier; Use Case; http://lglwww.epfl.ch, 2000.11
30. Alistair Cockburn; Basic Use Case Template; http://members.aol.com/acockburn, 1998.11
31．邵维忠，麻志毅，蒋严冰编译；UML专题；计算机世界第48期，2001．12．17
32．Hans-Erik Erikkson，Magnus Penker；用UML设计Java应用程序；http://www.umlchina.com，非程序员第2期，2001．6
33. Scott W. Ambler; Mapping Objects To Relational Databases; http://www.AmbySoft.com/mappingObjects.pdf, 2000.10
34. Michael Gawlik; Design and Implementation of a Multi-tier Architecture for a Solution of Common Object-Relational Mismatch Programs Using a Standard Object Persistence Framework; Patterns Home Page http://hillside.net/patterns/, 2000.1
35. Rational公司; Using Data Modeler-Rational Rose 2001; http://www.rational.com, 2001.3
36．沈卓炜等；集成CORBA和UML的分布式应用开发；东南大学学报(自然科学版)，2001．1
37. Mark Briggs, Paul Knell等; Design Report: Resource Management Software; http://www.umlchina.com, 2000.2
38. Ensemble Systems Inc.; Designing Business Process-Based Software: A Detailed Example; http://www.umlchina.com, 1999.3
39. Michael Blaha, William Premerlani; Using UML to Design Database Applications; http://www.sdmagazine.com/, 1999
40. Ivar Jacobson; Trends in Software Engineering; http://www.rational.com
2．邵维忠，杨芙清；面向对象的系统分析；北京：清华大学出版社，1998．12
3．Grady Booch，Ivar Jacobson，James Rumbaugh；UML参考手册；北京：机械工业出版社，2001．1
4．Grady Booch，Ivar Jacobson，James Rumbaugh；UML用户指南；北京：机械工业出版社，2001．6
5．Grady Booch，Ivar Jacobson，James Rumbaugh；统一软件开发过程；北京：机械工业出版社，2002．1
6. OMG; Unified Modeling Language Specification Version 1.3; http://www.rational.com/uml/, 1999.9
7．刘润东；UML对象设计与编程；北京：希望电子出版社，2001．3
8．Peter Coad，Edward Yourdon；面向对象的分析；北京：北京大学出版社，1992．2
9．Peter Coad，Edward Yourdon；面向对象的设计；北京：北京大学出版社，1994．12
10．刘超，张莉；可视化面向对象建模技术；北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，1999．7
11．蒋慧，吴礼发，陈卫卫；UML设计核心技术；北京：希望电子出版社，2001．1
12．Paul Dorsey，Joseph R．Hudicka；Oracle 8 UML对象建模设计；北京：机械工业出版社，2000．4
13．Wendy Boggs，Michael Boggs；UML with Rational Rose从入门到精通；北京：电子工业出版社，2000．3
14．Edward Yourdon，Carl Argila；实用面向对象软件工程教程；北京：电子工业出版社，1998．6
15．张莉，周伯生等；标准建模语言UML及其支持环境；计算机世界，1998．11
16．邵维忠，梅宏；统一建模语言UML述评；计算机研究与发展，1999．4
17. Ratiional公司; Rational Unified Process 2000; http://www.rational.com, 2000
18. Martin Fowler; Techniques for Object Oriented Analysis and Design; http://www.martinfowler.com/
19. Roger Smith; Defining the UML Kernel; http://www.sdmagazine.com/, 2000.10
20. Sjaak Brinkkemper, Shuguang Hong等; Object-Oriented Analysis and design Methods-a Review; http://wwwis.cs.utwente.nl:8080/dmrg/OODOC/oodoc/oo.html
21. James Rumbaugh; The Unified Modeling Language; http://www.umlchina.com
22. Pavel Hruby; Specification of Workflow Management Systems with UML; http://www.umlchina.com
23. Eduardo B. Fernandez, Xiaohong Yuan, Sandra Brey; Analysis Patterns for the Order and Shipment of a Product; http://www.umlchina.com, 2000
24. Eduardo B. Fernandez; Stock Manager: An Analysis Pattern for Inventories; http://www.umlchina.com
25. Pete McBreen; Using Use Cases for requirements capture; http://www.mcbreen.ab.ca, 1998
26. Scott W. Ambler; CRC Modeling: Bridging the Communication Gap Between Developers and Users; http://www.umlchina.com, 1998
27. Doug Rosenberg; Driving Design with Use cases; http://www.sdmagazine.com/, 2000.12
28. Alistair Cockburn; Writing Effective Use Cases(Pre-Pub. Draft#3); http://www.umlchina.com, 2000.2
29. Alfred Strohmeier; Use Case; http://lglwww.epfl.ch, 2000.11
30. Alistair Cockburn; Basic Use Case Template; http://members.aol.com/acockburn, 1998.11
31．邵维忠，麻志毅，蒋严冰编译；UML专题；计算机世界第48期，2001．12．17
32．Hans-Erik Erikkson，Magnus Penker；用UML设计Java应用程序；http://www.umlchina.com，非程序员第2期，2001．6
33. Scott W. Ambler; Mapping Objects To Relational Databases; http://www.AmbySoft.com/mappingObjects.pdf, 2000.10
34. Michael Gawlik; Design and Implementation of a Multi-tier Architecture for a Solution of Common Object-Relational Mismatch Programs Using a Standard Object Persistence Framework; Patterns Home Page http://hillside.net/patterns/, 2000.1
35. Rational公司; Using Data Modeler-Rational Rose 2001; http://www.rational.com, 2001.3
36．沈卓炜等；集成CORBA和UML的分布式应用开发；东南大学学报(自然科学版)，2001．1
37. Mark Briggs, Paul Knell等; Design Report: Resource Management Software; http://www.umlchina.com, 2000.2
38. Ensemble Systems Inc.; Designing Business Process-Based Software: A Detailed Example; http://www.umlchina.com, 1999.3
39. Michael Blaha, William Premerlani; Using UML to Design Database Applications; http://www.sdmagazine.com/, 1999
40. Ivar Jacobson; Trends in Software Engineering; http://www.rational.com