计算机辅助QFD概念设计专家系统的开发研究
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摘要
现代产品设计的核心是创新设计,而产品概念设计作为产品早期设计的重要阶段,它的本质特点就是创新性,它是产品设计中最体现人类智能的、决定方案优劣的阶段,被认为是产品设计中最为关键的技术。因此,研究产品概念设计、概念创新设计具有重要意义。
本文将质量功能配置(QFD)方法与专家系统(ES)技术相结合,给出了产品概念设计过程模式。在此基础上,探讨了市场细分和目标市场选择方法,研究和分析了QFD分解模型,对质量屋中用户需求的获取和权重的决策方法及关系强度的决策进行了详细探讨。建立了一个基于知识的概念设计专家系统,在系统的知识库构建上,采用基于数据库的知识表达模式,使数据库具备了知识库的功能,方便了知识的描述、知识数据库的管理。并在此基础上,提出了适用于该系统的基于数据库引导推理机制,提高了整个专家系统的工作效率,降低了开发难度,易于实现。最后根据以上工作,编制了一个基于知识的概念设计的软件系统。并以减速器为例进行了系统的应用验证。
The core of modern product design is creative design. Substaintial characteristic of product conceptual design is creativity. As the stage of product design reflecting intelligence of human and influencing scheme quality most sufficiently, product conceptual design is considered as the most important technique of product design. So it is important to research product conceptual design and conceptual creative design.In this paper, a general product conceptual design process model is provided by combining QFD and ES. Then based on this, the method of segmenting market and choosing target marketing is researched and the implement model of QFD was explored. Furthermore, how to get and settle the VOC of QFD and relation intensity of HoQ is studied. A knowledge-based conceptual system is created. On the side of creation of knowledge base, the Database-based knowledge representation is put forward, this method makes the database have the knowledge base function, makes the knowledge representation and the knowledge management easy. At one time, to meet this representation, the reasoning mechanism based on database is brought out. And this mechanism improves the efficiency of Expert System. At last, based on before mentioned work, a knowledge-based conceptual design software system is developed. And the reducer casing is used to apply and test this system.
本文将质量功能配置(QFD)方法与专家系统(ES)技术相结合,给出了产品概念设计过程模式。在此基础上,探讨了市场细分和目标市场选择方法,研究和分析了QFD分解模型,对质量屋中用户需求的获取和权重的决策方法及关系强度的决策进行了详细探讨。建立了一个基于知识的概念设计专家系统,在系统的知识库构建上,采用基于数据库的知识表达模式,使数据库具备了知识库的功能,方便了知识的描述、知识数据库的管理。并在此基础上,提出了适用于该系统的基于数据库引导推理机制,提高了整个专家系统的工作效率,降低了开发难度,易于实现。最后根据以上工作,编制了一个基于知识的概念设计的软件系统。并以减速器为例进行了系统的应用验证。
The core of modern product design is creative design. Substaintial characteristic of product conceptual design is creativity. As the stage of product design reflecting intelligence of human and influencing scheme quality most sufficiently, product conceptual design is considered as the most important technique of product design. So it is important to research product conceptual design and conceptual creative design.In this paper, a general product conceptual design process model is provided by combining QFD and ES. Then based on this, the method of segmenting market and choosing target marketing is researched and the implement model of QFD was explored. Furthermore, how to get and settle the VOC of QFD and relation intensity of HoQ is studied. A knowledge-based conceptual system is created. On the side of creation of knowledge base, the Database-based knowledge representation is put forward, this method makes the database have the knowledge base function, makes the knowledge representation and the knowledge management easy. At one time, to meet this representation, the reasoning mechanism based on database is brought out. And this mechanism improves the efficiency of Expert System. At last, based on before mentioned work, a knowledge-based conceptual design software system is developed. And the reducer casing is used to apply and test this system.
引文
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[2] 吴昭同.保质设计[M].机械工业出版社.2004.
[3] Y. Akao. Quality Function Deployment(QFD)—Integrating Customer Requirement into Product Design[M]. Cambridge, Massachusetts, Norwalk, Connecticut: Productivity Press, 1990.
[4] C. Adiance, A. V. Roth. Beyond the House of Quality: Dynamic QFD[M]. The fifth symposium on QFD, Michigan, 1993.
[5] 林志航,车阿大.质量功能配置研究现状及发展——兼谈对我国 QFD 研究与应用看法[J].机械科学与技术,1998,Vol17,Nol:119～121.
[6] 岑咏霆.模糊质量功能展开[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1999.
[7] Kwang—Jae Kim, Herbert Moskowitz, Anoop Dhingra, Gerald Evans. Fuzzy multicriteria models for quality function deployment[J]. European Journal of Operational Research 121(2000) 504～518
[8] Biren Prasad. Review of QFD and Related Deployment Techniques[J]. J. of Manufacturing Systems. 1998, 17(3): 221～234.
[9] McDonnell Douglas Missile Systems Company. Concurrent Engineering Handbook[M], 2nd Ed, 1992.
[10] Y. Reich. Computation Quality Function Deployment is Knowledge Intensive Engineering[J]. Proceeding of KIC—1(Knowledge Intensive CAD), IFIP WG5.2, Helsinki, 1995: 315～334.
[11] A. A. Araya&N. A. Ibrahim. Advancing quality function deployment with ease—based capabilities[J]. Journal of Design and Manufacturing, 1994, (4): 256～264.
[12] Ma Jian, Tang Xiaoqing, A QFD System Based on Artificial Intelligence[C]. INCOM'95, Beijing.
[13] 车阿大,林志航.面向并行工程的分布式模糊 QFD 系统研究[C].第四届中国计算机集成制造系统 CIMS 学术会议(CIMS—CHINA'96),1996.
[14] S. Subbarao, Abraham Nahm, Zhengzhong Shi, Xiaodong Deng and Ahmad Syamil. Artificial intelligence and expert systems application in new product development—a survey[J]. Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing (1999)10: 231～244.
[15] Park, J. Y. &Khoshnevis, B. A real-time computer-aided process planning system as a support tool for economic product design[J]. Journal of Manufacturing Systems, 12: 181～193.
[16] Ssemakula, M. E. &Cloyd, W. J. Functional specification of a dynamic process planning system[J]. Computers &Industrial Engineering, 27(14): 99～102.
[17] London, P., hankins, B., sapossnek, M. &Luby, S. The expertcostand manufacturability guide: A customizable expert system, in Artificial Intelligence in Engineering Design Volume Ⅲ[M]. Tong, C. And Sriram, D.(eds.), Academic Press, San Diego.
[18] Lai, S. H. —Y. KBDA—A knowledge based design system for assembly[J]. Computers &Industrial Engineering, 25., 585～588.
[19] Syan, C. S. Expert surface treatment and coating selection assistance in product design[J]. Integrated Manufacturing Systems, 5(3): 29～34.
[20] Darwish, S. M. &El Tannml, A. M. The Selection of the casting process using an expert system[J]. Computer in Industry, 30(2): 77～86.
[21] DlBenedetto, A. C. Calantone, R. J. &Raj, V. NEWPRODEX: A knowledge—based expert system for industrial product screening and development in international marketing[J]. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 6(3): 48～75.
[22] 张宽海.管理信息系统概论[M].高等教育出版社,2003.
[23] 沟口理一郎,石田亨(著),卢伯英译.人工智能[M].科学出版社,2003.
[24] 廉师友.人工智能技术导论(第二版)[M].西安电子科技大学出版社,2002.
[25] 纪宝成主编.市场营销学教程[M].中国人民大学出版社,1995年11月第二版.
[26] 兰苓主编.市场营销学[M].中央广播电视大学出版社,2000年1月第1版.
[27] 迈克尔.波特.竞争优势[M].华夏出版社,北京,1996.
[28] 王凤歧等.面向并行设计的产品需求获取方法的研究[J].机械设计,1998,No7:1～3.
[29] 张付英.机械产品创新设计信息化建模、求解及其关键技术研究[D].天津大学博士论文,2004.
[30] 刘鸿恩.质量功能展开问题解决理论与方法研究[D].上海交通大学博士论文,2001.
[31] 钱颂迪等.运筹学.清华大学出版社[M],2000.
[32] 邵家骏,张景慧.质量功能展开的原理和方法[C].质量工程成果报告会和研讨会论文集.国防科工委质量与可靠性研究中心,1993.11.
[33] 邵家骏译.质量功能展开概论[M].国防工业出版社,1991.10.
[34] Gri. n, A., Hauser, J. R.. The voice of the customer[J]. Marketing Science 1993. 12(1): 1～27.
[35] 高琦.保质设计策略和方法的研究[D].浙江大学博士学位论文,1998.
[36] 陈世福,陈世乾等.人工智能与知识系统[M].南京大学出版社,1992.
[37] 吴泉源,刘江宁.人工智能与专家系统[M].国防科技大学出版社,1995.
[38] P. R. Cohen, E. A Feigenbaum. The Handbook of Artificial Intelligence[M]. Vol. I, HeuristerchPress;William Kaufmann, Inc., 1983.
[39] E. A Feigenbaum and P. Mocorduch. The Fifth Generation Artificial Intelligence and Japan's computer challenge to the World[M]. Addison-Wesley, 1983.
[40] 张权寿,周建峰.专家系统建造原理及方法[M].中国铁道出版社,1992.
[41] 蔡自兴,徐光佑.人工智能及其应用[M].清华大学出版社,1994.
[42] Ian Graham,袁兆山等.面向对象的方法原理与实践(原书第3版)[M].机械工业出版社,2003.
[43] 姜鸿飞等.面向对象开发方法的最新进展[J].计算机科学,1998.2(25).
[44] 李光志等.对象分析与设计方法比较[M].电子工业出版社,1996.
[45] 周霭如.C++程序设计基础[M].电子工业出版社,2003.
[46] 王汝传,杨庚.面向对象程序设计与C++语言[M].人民邮电出版社,2002.
[47] 官章全,韩云君,李罡等.Visual C++6.0高级编程范例[M].电子工业出版社,2001.
[48] 希望图书创作室.Visual C++6.0语言参考手册[M].北京希望电子出版社,1999.
[49] 希望图书创作室.Visual C++6.0类库参考手册(一)[M].北京希望电子出版社,1999.
[50] 何新贵.知识处理与专家系统[M].国防工业出版社,1990.
[51] 古新生,王拓,王伟.面向对象方法与C++[M].西安大学出版社,1993.
[52] K. J. MacCallum. Does Intelligent CAD Exist[J]. Artificial Intelligent in Engineering, 1990, Vol. 5, No.2.
[53] 涂序彦,李秀山,陈凯.智能管理[M].清华大学出版社,1997.
[54] 程菊生.基于面向对象的港机智能 CAD 系统得研究与开发[D].浙江大学博士学位论文,1998.
[55] 吴慧中,陈定方,万耀青.机械设计专家系统研究与实践[M].中国铁道出版社,1994.
[56] 王永庆.人工智能原理与方法[M].西安交通大学出版社,1998.
[57] 王宽全.面向对象的知识表达模型研究[J].计算机工程,Vol.22,No.3,1996.5.
[58] G. Kellogg. From Data Management to Knowledge Management[J]. Computer, 1986(1).
[59] 吴顺祥,吉国力.数据库系统与知识库系统的对比分析[J].计算机工程与应用,1999(3):83～85.
[60] 安清波,狄玉来.关系数据库在专家系统中的应用[J].计算机研究与发展,1994(1):42～45.
[61] 萨师煊.数据库系统概论[M].高等教育出版社,2000.
[62] Abraham Silberschatz.et al..Database System Concepts,4th Edition[M].高等教育出版社.
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