低碳钢浪花飞溅区腐蚀和防腐带保护技术研究
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摘要
浪花飞溅区受到干湿交替、海水飞沫、阳光、大气中腐蚀性成分和氧气等一系列外部因素的作用，同时还有钢铁材料本身的因素，使其成为海洋环境中腐蚀最严重的区带。浪花飞溅区的防腐是防腐蚀技术的难题，解决该部位的腐蚀控制问题将会大大延长钢结构设施的服役寿命。
本文通过失重实验法和电连接实验技术研究了变形（受力）试样在浪花飞溅区的腐蚀发展规律。
通过选择缓蚀剂、填料和胶粘油脂等，研制了防蚀膏。通过试验选择了防腐带内层和外层所用的材料，然后制成防腐带。使用防腐带对钢样进行保护，用失重法和现场照相的方法对防腐带的防腐效果进行评价。在模拟环境（浪花飞溅区）和实海环境下进行失重试验发现施加防腐带保护后钢样的腐蚀速率比未加保护钢样的腐蚀速率降低了2～3个数量级，说明其具有优异的耐海洋环境腐蚀能力，可以对海洋环境，尤其是浪花飞溅区钢铁结构物进行保护。
牺牲阳极保护法是一种传统的海洋环境中钢铁材料的防腐蚀方法，有广泛的应用，但一般是用在海水全浸区。这其中的主要原因是牺牲阳极保护法需要有稳定的电解质溶液（海水就是一种电解质溶液）。对于浪花飞溅区来说，受到风吹日晒、海水飞溅等条件影响，经常处于干湿交替状态，因此没有稳定的电解质溶液。本文对牺牲阳极保护法在浪花飞溅区能否使用进行了研究，先将钢铁材料表面用牺牲阳极保护起来置于浪花飞溅区，然后设法将海水引入钢铁材料表面，通过观察其腐蚀情况来确定是否可行。模拟环境（浪花飞溅区）和实海环境下的试验表明牺牲阳极对浪花飞溅区的钢棒具有保护作用，用引入电解质（海水）的方法使牺牲阳极在浪花飞溅区发生作用是完全可行的，也是十分有效的。
The splash zone is the most corrosive area in the marine environment due toalternation of wetting and drying, seawater spray, sunshine, corrosive component inatmosphere, oxygen and steel material in itself. The materials exposed in splash zonewould suffer from serious corrosion and it was difficult to protect the materialsexposed in this region. If appropriate protection methods were applied, it wouldgreatly prolong the service lifetime of the whole steel structures exposed in this area.
The corrosion law of deformed sample in splash zone was studied usingweight-loss method and electric connection experiment technology.
Corrosion inhibitors, filler and adhesive grease were chosen and anti-corrosionpaste was produced. The material of inner and outer layer of anti-corrosive bandswere chosen through test and anti-corrosive bands were produced. The corrosion ofthe rods was assessed by weight-loss method and by examination of photographs.With the protection of anti-corrosive bands, the corrosion rate of steels exposed insimulated splash zone environment and splash zone was reduced2～3orders ofmagnitude. That is to say, using the anti-corrosive band could provide long termcorrosion protection for the steel structure exposed in splash zone.
The method of using sacrificial anodes to protect mild steel is a conventional oneand has been extensively studied and widely used in marine structures. But,continuous electrolyte is necessary for a sacrificial anode to have protection effect.The splash zone has no stable electrolyte because it is perennially in a cycle ofwet-dry alternation condition. In this paper a method was fabricated that can retain astable supply of electrolyte (seawater) fixed in the splash zone and thus allows a sacrificial anode to function in the splash zone. The method of using sacrificial anodeto protect mild steel in the splash zone via retained electrolyte is valid.
本文通过失重实验法和电连接实验技术研究了变形（受力）试样在浪花飞溅区的腐蚀发展规律。
通过选择缓蚀剂、填料和胶粘油脂等，研制了防蚀膏。通过试验选择了防腐带内层和外层所用的材料，然后制成防腐带。使用防腐带对钢样进行保护，用失重法和现场照相的方法对防腐带的防腐效果进行评价。在模拟环境（浪花飞溅区）和实海环境下进行失重试验发现施加防腐带保护后钢样的腐蚀速率比未加保护钢样的腐蚀速率降低了2～3个数量级，说明其具有优异的耐海洋环境腐蚀能力，可以对海洋环境，尤其是浪花飞溅区钢铁结构物进行保护。
牺牲阳极保护法是一种传统的海洋环境中钢铁材料的防腐蚀方法，有广泛的应用，但一般是用在海水全浸区。这其中的主要原因是牺牲阳极保护法需要有稳定的电解质溶液（海水就是一种电解质溶液）。对于浪花飞溅区来说，受到风吹日晒、海水飞溅等条件影响，经常处于干湿交替状态，因此没有稳定的电解质溶液。本文对牺牲阳极保护法在浪花飞溅区能否使用进行了研究，先将钢铁材料表面用牺牲阳极保护起来置于浪花飞溅区，然后设法将海水引入钢铁材料表面，通过观察其腐蚀情况来确定是否可行。模拟环境（浪花飞溅区）和实海环境下的试验表明牺牲阳极对浪花飞溅区的钢棒具有保护作用，用引入电解质（海水）的方法使牺牲阳极在浪花飞溅区发生作用是完全可行的，也是十分有效的。
The splash zone is the most corrosive area in the marine environment due toalternation of wetting and drying, seawater spray, sunshine, corrosive component inatmosphere, oxygen and steel material in itself. The materials exposed in splash zonewould suffer from serious corrosion and it was difficult to protect the materialsexposed in this region. If appropriate protection methods were applied, it wouldgreatly prolong the service lifetime of the whole steel structures exposed in this area.
The corrosion law of deformed sample in splash zone was studied usingweight-loss method and electric connection experiment technology.
Corrosion inhibitors, filler and adhesive grease were chosen and anti-corrosionpaste was produced. The material of inner and outer layer of anti-corrosive bandswere chosen through test and anti-corrosive bands were produced. The corrosion ofthe rods was assessed by weight-loss method and by examination of photographs.With the protection of anti-corrosive bands, the corrosion rate of steels exposed insimulated splash zone environment and splash zone was reduced2～3orders ofmagnitude. That is to say, using the anti-corrosive band could provide long termcorrosion protection for the steel structure exposed in splash zone.
The method of using sacrificial anodes to protect mild steel is a conventional oneand has been extensively studied and widely used in marine structures. But,continuous electrolyte is necessary for a sacrificial anode to have protection effect.The splash zone has no stable electrolyte because it is perennially in a cycle ofwet-dry alternation condition. In this paper a method was fabricated that can retain astable supply of electrolyte (seawater) fixed in the splash zone and thus allows a sacrificial anode to function in the splash zone. The method of using sacrificial anodeto protect mild steel in the splash zone via retained electrolyte is valid.
引文
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