基于XML与Web Services数据交换平台的研究与实现
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摘要
随着信息化建设的飞速发展,企业内部应用系统之间的协作和信息共享日益重要。如何在应用系统之间架起数据交换与数据操作的桥梁,使各个应用系统可以实现透明的数据交换和信息共享,已成为企业信息化过程中迫切需要解决的问题之一。
目前现有的数据交换技术均存在一些问题,主要是缺乏统一标准,平台依赖性强,耦合度大等。XML与Web Services技术的出现给数据交换带来了新的实现方法。XML具有平台无关、易于扩展和语义性强等特点。在对不同格式的数据进行交换时,利用XML作为公共数据的格式。同时,WebServices技术可以在现有的各种异构平台基础上,构建一个通用的、与平台无关、语言无关的技术层。不同平台上的应用依靠这个技术层来实施相互的联接和集成。
论文首先在研究了XML、Web Services技术和分布式数据交换体系结构的基础之上,提出一个基于XML和Web Services技术的通用异构数据交换平台框架。该交换平台使用XML作为交换数据的公共表示,在表示数据的时候,将其结构信息和值信息分开来描述,分别定义为数据结构文档和数据值文档。通过分析结构信息文档,解决数据冲突,完成数据值文档的转换。使用Web Services技术将各异构数据源系统联接起来。
论文介绍了该框架的体系结构和工作流程,给出了数据交换平台系统各模块的设计,并详细阐述了从关系数据库到XML文档的映射、XML文档到关系数据库的集成、XML文档之间的转换和XML文档发送和接收等关键问题的解决方案。最后,结合常用的关系数据库实现了一个原型系统,通过实验验证了该异构数据交换平台可以实现分布式异构数据库之间的数据交换,并且该系统具有良好的松散耦合、开放性和扩展性等特点。
With the fast developing of informatization, the cooperation and information sharing between applications of inner-enterprise became more and more important. How to bridge applications of inner-enterprise to realize the reciprocal data accessing and exchange, to implement data exchange and information sharing among applications transparently, has become one of pivotal problems to be resolved immediately.
The currently available data exchange technologies have many shortcomings, such as lacking uniform standard, high platform dependence and system coupling. The emergence of XML and Web Services technologies has brought data exchange a new method. XML has features such as platform independency, easy extendibility and strong semantics. It's used as common data format while data exchanging. And Web Services can construct a generic, platform independent and language independent layer. Different platforms can integrate and connect with each other using this layer.
XML, Web Services, distributed system architecture and related technologies are researched in detail. After analyzing of common data exchange mode and technology, a heterogeneous data exchange platform framework based on XML and Web Services is designed. XML is used as common data format in the data exchange platform. Data structure and value information are described separately as data structure document and value document. The conflict of heterogeneous data will be resolved by analyzing structure document and translating value document. Heterogeneous data systems are linked by Web Services technique.
This paper presents the architecture, working process of the framework and main modules' design of the platform system. And the solutions of key problems such as generating XML document from data stored in relational database, integrating XML document to relational database, transforming of between XML documents, transmission and reception of XML document are analyzed. At the end, a prototype system has been realized combined with some relational database. And this system has been shown that it can realize data exchange between heterogeneous distributed databases and it has good characteristic of loose coupling, opening and extensibility.
目前现有的数据交换技术均存在一些问题,主要是缺乏统一标准,平台依赖性强,耦合度大等。XML与Web Services技术的出现给数据交换带来了新的实现方法。XML具有平台无关、易于扩展和语义性强等特点。在对不同格式的数据进行交换时,利用XML作为公共数据的格式。同时,WebServices技术可以在现有的各种异构平台基础上,构建一个通用的、与平台无关、语言无关的技术层。不同平台上的应用依靠这个技术层来实施相互的联接和集成。
论文首先在研究了XML、Web Services技术和分布式数据交换体系结构的基础之上,提出一个基于XML和Web Services技术的通用异构数据交换平台框架。该交换平台使用XML作为交换数据的公共表示,在表示数据的时候,将其结构信息和值信息分开来描述,分别定义为数据结构文档和数据值文档。通过分析结构信息文档,解决数据冲突,完成数据值文档的转换。使用Web Services技术将各异构数据源系统联接起来。
论文介绍了该框架的体系结构和工作流程,给出了数据交换平台系统各模块的设计,并详细阐述了从关系数据库到XML文档的映射、XML文档到关系数据库的集成、XML文档之间的转换和XML文档发送和接收等关键问题的解决方案。最后,结合常用的关系数据库实现了一个原型系统,通过实验验证了该异构数据交换平台可以实现分布式异构数据库之间的数据交换,并且该系统具有良好的松散耦合、开放性和扩展性等特点。
With the fast developing of informatization, the cooperation and information sharing between applications of inner-enterprise became more and more important. How to bridge applications of inner-enterprise to realize the reciprocal data accessing and exchange, to implement data exchange and information sharing among applications transparently, has become one of pivotal problems to be resolved immediately.
The currently available data exchange technologies have many shortcomings, such as lacking uniform standard, high platform dependence and system coupling. The emergence of XML and Web Services technologies has brought data exchange a new method. XML has features such as platform independency, easy extendibility and strong semantics. It's used as common data format while data exchanging. And Web Services can construct a generic, platform independent and language independent layer. Different platforms can integrate and connect with each other using this layer.
XML, Web Services, distributed system architecture and related technologies are researched in detail. After analyzing of common data exchange mode and technology, a heterogeneous data exchange platform framework based on XML and Web Services is designed. XML is used as common data format in the data exchange platform. Data structure and value information are described separately as data structure document and value document. The conflict of heterogeneous data will be resolved by analyzing structure document and translating value document. Heterogeneous data systems are linked by Web Services technique.
This paper presents the architecture, working process of the framework and main modules' design of the platform system. And the solutions of key problems such as generating XML document from data stored in relational database, integrating XML document to relational database, transforming of between XML documents, transmission and reception of XML document are analyzed. At the end, a prototype system has been realized combined with some relational database. And this system has been shown that it can realize data exchange between heterogeneous distributed databases and it has good characteristic of loose coupling, opening and extensibility.
引文
[1]杨剑,唐慧佳等.基于XML的异构数据交换系统的研究与实现[J].计算机工程,2005,31(19):195-197.
[2]唐俊伟,薛贺.基于XML和Web Services数据交换平台的研究和设计[J].微电子学与计算机,2006,23(1):142-145.
[3]World Wide Web Consortium work group.Web Services Architecture.http://www.w3.org/TR/ws-arch/.
[4]Charles F.Goldfarb,Paul Prescod著[M].张晓晖等译.XML Handbook,Fourth Edition.北京:电子工业出版社,2003:23-51.
[5]章义,黎峰.基于XML的数据库存储访问技术[J].计算机工程与设计,2005,26(1):208-211.
[6]Richard Monson-Haefel著.崔洪斌,王爱民译.J2EE Web Services高级编程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2005:17-48.
[7]顾宁,刘家茂等著.Web Services原理与研发实践[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2006:19-90.
[8]王宣,李燕.应用Web Services构建多层架构的高效.Net应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2005:31-39.
[9]Eric Newcomer,Greg Lomow著.徐涵译.Understanding SOA With Web Services[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2006:89-97.
[10]Clifton Nock著.鄢爱兰,王安鹏等译.数据访问模式-面向对象应用中的数据库交互[M],北京:中国电力出版社,2004:101-118.
[11]World Wide Web Consortium work group.Extensible Markup Language(XML)1.0(Fourth Edition).http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml-20060816.
[12]梅立军,付小龙等.基于SOA的数据交换平台研究与实现[J].计算机工程与设计,2006,27(19):3601-3627.
[13]胡良亚,肖卫东.基于XML与J2EE技术的数据交换中心的设计与实现[J].计算机 应用研究,2006,(10):203-206.
[14]赵国营.基于Web Services的数据交换平台的研究与实现[D].兰州大学硕士学位论文,2007.
[15]王国仁,于戈等著.XML数据管理技术[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2007:17-87.
[16]刘立华.基于XML异构数据库之间的数据交换[D].华中科技大学硕士学位论文,2005.
[17]秦燕,李志蜀.异构数据库数据交换的安全解决方案[J].四川大学学报(自然科学版),2006,43(5):1014-1017.
[18]王峰,陈平.Web Services的对象封装技术[J].计算机应用,2006,26:233-235.
[19]胡建理,王嘉祯.基于Web Services的企业应用集成技术[J].计算机工程与设计,2006,26(10):2634-2637.
[20]范凡,郑衍衡.基于Web Services的数据管理中心设计和实现[J].计算机应用与软件,2006,23(10):39-41.
[21]许斌.基于领域的Web服务查找方法[J].计算机工程,2006,32(20):33-34.
[22]蒋一新,杨树堂.一种基于Web Services的企业应用集成方法[J].计算机应用与软件,2006,23(9):67-69.
[23]陈红亮,程文青.基于Web服务的数据同步机制的研究与应用[J].计算机技术与发展,2006,16(9):160-163.
[24]孙剑.XML数据交换标准在物流行业的推广前景[J].物流技术与应用,2005,(1):86-89.
[25]魏建香,罗军舟.一个基于XML数据交换系统的研究与设计[J].计算机工程和应用,2004,(36):122-124.
[26]李冠德,陈梦东.一种基于XML的数据交换系统的设计和实现[J].微机发展,2005,15(12):12-14.
[27]陆静平,何玉林.基于XML Web服务的产品数据共享模型研究[J].计算机工程,2005,31(13):51-53.
[28]李丽楠,杨树唐.一种跨信任域的Web Services端到端通信安全解决方案[J].计算机应用与软件,2006,23(8):128-130.
[29]刘鲁源,王毅新.基于XML Web Services企业应用体系结构的开发与研究[J].计算 机工程与应用,2004,(5):230-232.
[30]张水平,夏平.基于Web Services异构系统信息融合平台[J].计算机应用研究,2005,(8):224-226.
[31]叶宇风.基于Web Services的企业应用集成解决方案[J].微电子学与计算机,2005,22(9):18-21.
[32]Gerome Miklau,Dan Suciu.A formal analysis of information disclosure in data exchange[J].Journal of Computer and System Sciences,2007,73:507-534.
[33]Mark E.Williams,Gary R.Consolazio.Data storage and extraction in engineering software using XML[J].Advances in Engineering Software,2005,36:709-719.
[34]Ugo Montanari.Web Services and Models of Computation[J].Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science,2004,105:5-9.
[35]James E.Johnsona,David E.Langworthy.Formal specification of a Web services protocol[J].The Journal of Logic and Algebraic Programming,2007,70:34-52.
[36]Christos Makris,Yannis Panagis.Efficient and adaptive discovery techniques of Web Services handling large data sets[J].The Journal of Systems and Software,2006,79:480-495.
[37]Mustafa Atay,Artem Chebotko.Efficient schema-based XML-to-Relational data mapping[J].Information Systems,2007,32:458-476.
[38]Jun Shen,Georg Grossmann.Analysis of business process integration in Web service context[J].Future Generation Computer Systems,2007,23:283-294.
[39]Paul Grefen,Heiko Ludwig.An analysis of web services support for dynamic business process outsourcing[J].Information and Software Technology,2006,48:1115-1134.
[40]Fangju Wang,Jing Li.A space efficient XML DOM parser.Data & Knowledge Engineering[J],2007,60:185-207.
[41]Eric Pardede,J.Wenny Rahayu.Object-relational complex structures for XML storage[J].Information and Software Technology,2006,48:370-384.
[2]唐俊伟,薛贺.基于XML和Web Services数据交换平台的研究和设计[J].微电子学与计算机,2006,23(1):142-145.
[3]World Wide Web Consortium work group.Web Services Architecture.http://www.w3.org/TR/ws-arch/.
[4]Charles F.Goldfarb,Paul Prescod著[M].张晓晖等译.XML Handbook,Fourth Edition.北京:电子工业出版社,2003:23-51.
[5]章义,黎峰.基于XML的数据库存储访问技术[J].计算机工程与设计,2005,26(1):208-211.
[6]Richard Monson-Haefel著.崔洪斌,王爱民译.J2EE Web Services高级编程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2005:17-48.
[7]顾宁,刘家茂等著.Web Services原理与研发实践[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2006:19-90.
[8]王宣,李燕.应用Web Services构建多层架构的高效.Net应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2005:31-39.
[9]Eric Newcomer,Greg Lomow著.徐涵译.Understanding SOA With Web Services[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2006:89-97.
[10]Clifton Nock著.鄢爱兰,王安鹏等译.数据访问模式-面向对象应用中的数据库交互[M],北京:中国电力出版社,2004:101-118.
[11]World Wide Web Consortium work group.Extensible Markup Language(XML)1.0(Fourth Edition).http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml-20060816.
[12]梅立军,付小龙等.基于SOA的数据交换平台研究与实现[J].计算机工程与设计,2006,27(19):3601-3627.
[13]胡良亚,肖卫东.基于XML与J2EE技术的数据交换中心的设计与实现[J].计算机 应用研究,2006,(10):203-206.
[14]赵国营.基于Web Services的数据交换平台的研究与实现[D].兰州大学硕士学位论文,2007.
[15]王国仁,于戈等著.XML数据管理技术[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2007:17-87.
[16]刘立华.基于XML异构数据库之间的数据交换[D].华中科技大学硕士学位论文,2005.
[17]秦燕,李志蜀.异构数据库数据交换的安全解决方案[J].四川大学学报(自然科学版),2006,43(5):1014-1017.
[18]王峰,陈平.Web Services的对象封装技术[J].计算机应用,2006,26:233-235.
[19]胡建理,王嘉祯.基于Web Services的企业应用集成技术[J].计算机工程与设计,2006,26(10):2634-2637.
[20]范凡,郑衍衡.基于Web Services的数据管理中心设计和实现[J].计算机应用与软件,2006,23(10):39-41.
[21]许斌.基于领域的Web服务查找方法[J].计算机工程,2006,32(20):33-34.
[22]蒋一新,杨树堂.一种基于Web Services的企业应用集成方法[J].计算机应用与软件,2006,23(9):67-69.
[23]陈红亮,程文青.基于Web服务的数据同步机制的研究与应用[J].计算机技术与发展,2006,16(9):160-163.
[24]孙剑.XML数据交换标准在物流行业的推广前景[J].物流技术与应用,2005,(1):86-89.
[25]魏建香,罗军舟.一个基于XML数据交换系统的研究与设计[J].计算机工程和应用,2004,(36):122-124.
[26]李冠德,陈梦东.一种基于XML的数据交换系统的设计和实现[J].微机发展,2005,15(12):12-14.
[27]陆静平,何玉林.基于XML Web服务的产品数据共享模型研究[J].计算机工程,2005,31(13):51-53.
[28]李丽楠,杨树唐.一种跨信任域的Web Services端到端通信安全解决方案[J].计算机应用与软件,2006,23(8):128-130.
[29]刘鲁源,王毅新.基于XML Web Services企业应用体系结构的开发与研究[J].计算 机工程与应用,2004,(5):230-232.
[30]张水平,夏平.基于Web Services异构系统信息融合平台[J].计算机应用研究,2005,(8):224-226.
[31]叶宇风.基于Web Services的企业应用集成解决方案[J].微电子学与计算机,2005,22(9):18-21.
[32]Gerome Miklau,Dan Suciu.A formal analysis of information disclosure in data exchange[J].Journal of Computer and System Sciences,2007,73:507-534.
[33]Mark E.Williams,Gary R.Consolazio.Data storage and extraction in engineering software using XML[J].Advances in Engineering Software,2005,36:709-719.
[34]Ugo Montanari.Web Services and Models of Computation[J].Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science,2004,105:5-9.
[35]James E.Johnsona,David E.Langworthy.Formal specification of a Web services protocol[J].The Journal of Logic and Algebraic Programming,2007,70:34-52.
[36]Christos Makris,Yannis Panagis.Efficient and adaptive discovery techniques of Web Services handling large data sets[J].The Journal of Systems and Software,2006,79:480-495.
[37]Mustafa Atay,Artem Chebotko.Efficient schema-based XML-to-Relational data mapping[J].Information Systems,2007,32:458-476.
[38]Jun Shen,Georg Grossmann.Analysis of business process integration in Web service context[J].Future Generation Computer Systems,2007,23:283-294.
[39]Paul Grefen,Heiko Ludwig.An analysis of web services support for dynamic business process outsourcing[J].Information and Software Technology,2006,48:1115-1134.
[40]Fangju Wang,Jing Li.A space efficient XML DOM parser.Data & Knowledge Engineering[J],2007,60:185-207.
[41]Eric Pardede,J.Wenny Rahayu.Object-relational complex structures for XML storage[J].Information and Software Technology,2006,48:370-384.