基于三维产品展示系统的多维信息可视化研究
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摘要
信息可视化从一个新的视角开创了认识网络信息空间特性的途径,它将现实空间形式引入抽象系统,突破了原来仅由文字、图表、数据、视频表达的空间概念.将具象空间与虚拟空间相结合形成新的空间表达方式,揭示了信息在网络空间中的多维特征。但现有可视化理论与方法注重设计的静态表达,只是把相关信息以一种图形化形式描述出来,而缺少用户的参与性和交互性,难以满足用户对信息的深层次情感需求和创造性思维。并且绝大部分是二维文字和图片的展示方式,弱化了用户对整个产品展示场景的认知。
本文分析了可视化图形因素,建立了可视化变量与数据属性之间的映射关系,并提出基于可视化因素的用户感知模型。在可视化因素分析的基础上,研究了可视化映射表达和用户认知能力之间的关系,并提出两者之间的映射模型,并用实例分析并验证该模型。在此基础上,以三维产品展示系统为平台,以提高用户体验的满意度为目标,研究以用户体验为中心的信息需求模型、用户搜寻行为,提出了以用户为中心的可视化系统层析需求模型,并建立产品展示系统的交互平台构建框架,设计了三维可视化界面,实现了信息可视化符号系统的压缩,形成了一种优化的、有效的信息表达方式。针对该平台中的产品多维属性,构建定量和名词属性向量组,并针对该多维属性,提出基于磁性引力隐喻的多维信息可视化模型,建立目标域和源域之间的隐喻映射关系,并对该隐喻系统进行交互情景设计,从易学习性,易使用性,趣味性和帮助性四个维度来评测其可用性。最后提出基于冯特曲线的用户体验评价模型,在传统评价模型基础上增加了用户体验因素,研究如何更有效地利用可视化来提高用户体验感。
Information visualization creates a spatial approach for understanding the network information from a new perspective. It introduces the real space form to the Internet information, which broke the concept of space only expressed by the original text, graphics, data and video. The way of the space expression that combined virtual space and the real world reveals the multi-dimensional characteristics information in cyberspace. However, the existing theories and methods focus on static visual design, which just describe a graphical form of the relevant information. This expression lacks user participation and interaction, which difficult to meet the users'deep-seated emotional requirements and creative thoughts of the information. And the majority of the system display as a two-dimensional way with text and pictures, which weaken the user's cognition capability of the entire product display scene.
This paper analyzes the visual graphic elements, and then set up the mapping between visual variables and data attributes and created the user perception model based on visual elements. On the basis of visualization factor analysis, this paper studied the relationship between visualization mapping expression and user cognition and propose a mapping between the two properties, which model is validated by 21 visualization examples. On the platform of the three-dimensional product display system, targeted at the enhanced user experience satisfaction, the paper looked into the model of information needs and user search behavior, and then proposed a user-centered hierarchy demand model. Based on the establishment of the platform framework, the three-dimensional visualization interface is designed, which compressed the information visualization system and formed an optimized and effective information expression. Quantitative and noun properties vector is built based on the products multi-dimensional attributes. The multi-dimensional information visualization metaphor model is proposed and the metaphorical mapping between the metaphor target and source is built. And based on the interaction scenario, the system's availability is measured from four dimensions-easy to learn, easy to use, fun and helpfulness. At the end of this paper, the user experience evaluation model based on Wundt curve is built, which increased the user experience factor to the traditional evaluation model. It focuses on how to enhance the user experience more effective use using visualization.
本文分析了可视化图形因素,建立了可视化变量与数据属性之间的映射关系,并提出基于可视化因素的用户感知模型。在可视化因素分析的基础上,研究了可视化映射表达和用户认知能力之间的关系,并提出两者之间的映射模型,并用实例分析并验证该模型。在此基础上,以三维产品展示系统为平台,以提高用户体验的满意度为目标,研究以用户体验为中心的信息需求模型、用户搜寻行为,提出了以用户为中心的可视化系统层析需求模型,并建立产品展示系统的交互平台构建框架,设计了三维可视化界面,实现了信息可视化符号系统的压缩,形成了一种优化的、有效的信息表达方式。针对该平台中的产品多维属性,构建定量和名词属性向量组,并针对该多维属性,提出基于磁性引力隐喻的多维信息可视化模型,建立目标域和源域之间的隐喻映射关系,并对该隐喻系统进行交互情景设计,从易学习性,易使用性,趣味性和帮助性四个维度来评测其可用性。最后提出基于冯特曲线的用户体验评价模型,在传统评价模型基础上增加了用户体验因素,研究如何更有效地利用可视化来提高用户体验感。
Information visualization creates a spatial approach for understanding the network information from a new perspective. It introduces the real space form to the Internet information, which broke the concept of space only expressed by the original text, graphics, data and video. The way of the space expression that combined virtual space and the real world reveals the multi-dimensional characteristics information in cyberspace. However, the existing theories and methods focus on static visual design, which just describe a graphical form of the relevant information. This expression lacks user participation and interaction, which difficult to meet the users'deep-seated emotional requirements and creative thoughts of the information. And the majority of the system display as a two-dimensional way with text and pictures, which weaken the user's cognition capability of the entire product display scene.
This paper analyzes the visual graphic elements, and then set up the mapping between visual variables and data attributes and created the user perception model based on visual elements. On the basis of visualization factor analysis, this paper studied the relationship between visualization mapping expression and user cognition and propose a mapping between the two properties, which model is validated by 21 visualization examples. On the platform of the three-dimensional product display system, targeted at the enhanced user experience satisfaction, the paper looked into the model of information needs and user search behavior, and then proposed a user-centered hierarchy demand model. Based on the establishment of the platform framework, the three-dimensional visualization interface is designed, which compressed the information visualization system and formed an optimized and effective information expression. Quantitative and noun properties vector is built based on the products multi-dimensional attributes. The multi-dimensional information visualization metaphor model is proposed and the metaphorical mapping between the metaphor target and source is built. And based on the interaction scenario, the system's availability is measured from four dimensions-easy to learn, easy to use, fun and helpfulness. At the end of this paper, the user experience evaluation model based on Wundt curve is built, which increased the user experience factor to the traditional evaluation model. It focuses on how to enhance the user experience more effective use using visualization.
引文
[1]Carpendale S,Light J,Pattison E-Achieving higher magnification in context[C] Proceedings of the 17th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology,Santa Fe,2004
[2]Chen,C.Searching for intellectual turning points:Progressive Knowledge Domain Visualization. Proc. Natl.Acad. Sci.USA,101,Suppl.(2004)
[3]Freund,Y. and Mason,L. The alternating decision tree learning algorithm Proceeding of the Sixteenth International Conference on Machine Learning,Bled, Slovenia,2006
[4]Klinkenberg,R. and Renz,I.,Adaptive information filtering:learning in the presence of concept drifts,in Learning for Text Categorization,(Menlo Park,CA, 1998),AAAI Press,2003,33-40
[5]Morinaga, S.and Yamanishi, K.,Tracking dynamics of topic trends using a finite mixture model,ACM,2007,811-816
[6]Radicchi, F.,Castellano, C., Cecconi, F., Loreto,V. and Parisi,D. Defining and identifying communities in networks arXiv,2003
[7]Tabah, A.N. Literature dynamics:studies on growth,diffusion,and epidemics. Annual Review of Information Science and Technology,34,1999
[8]Petra Isenberg and Sheelagh Carpendale,Interactive Tree Comparison for Co-located Collaborative Information Visualization,2007
[9]Daniel Trudnowski,Performance of Three Mode-Meter Block Processing Algorithms for Automated Dynamic Stability Assessment,2008
[10]Chen Chaomei.Top 10 unsolved information visualization problems.IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications.2005:12-16
[11]Mikael Jern,An Information Visualization Approach to Retail Space Management (VisMT),2007
[12]Robert Kosara,Visualization Criticism-The Missing Link Between Information Visualization and Art,2007
[13]赵永振 刘正捷,基于鱼眼视图的网站地图开发与可用性研究,[学位论文], 大连：大连海事学校,2005
[14]Richard Brath,Use of Analogy in Synthesizing Novel Visualizations, 2008
[15]Chen Chaomei. Top 10 unsolved information visualization problems. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications.2005,12-16
[16]陈田,虚拟式交互产品展示系统技术的研究,[学位论文],浙江：浙江大学,2004
[17]王娜娜 王钰,交互式虚拟产品展示设计平台的研究,青岛大学学报(自然科学版),第12卷第2期,2006,69-73
[18]王颖 侯文君,自助式Internet个性化服务模型研究,[学位论文],北京：北京邮电大学,2008
[19]Tobias Skog,Sara Ljungblad and Lars Erik Holmquist,Between Aesthetics and Utility:Designing Ambient Information Visualizations,2003
[20]Robert A.Amar,John T. Stasko.Knowledge Precepts for Design and Evaluation of Information Visualization. IEEE transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics,2005,432-442
[21]董献洲 刘琼 李露阳,信息可视化视图的特征认知模式研究,情报科学,第26卷第7期,2008：1077-1080
[22]郭丹 刘正捷 郭志伟,C2C电子商务网站本地化建设中的用户体验研究,第二届和谐人机环境联合学术会议(2006)论文集,北京：清华大学出版社,2007,495-501
[23]周宁 程红莉 吴佳鑫,信息可视化的发展趋势研究,图书情报工作,第52卷第8期,2008
[24]Peter Morville,Louis Rosenfeld,web信息架构—设计大型网站,第三版,电子工业出版社,2008,89-126
[25]Havre S,Hetzler E,Whitney P, et al. ThemeRiver:visualizing thematic changes in large document collections. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics.2002
[26]Peter Morville,Louis Rosenfeld,web信息架构—设计大型网站,第三版,电子工业出版社,2008,134-156
[27]陆伟 万维稚,基于认知观点的信息检索交互模型,中国图书馆学报双月刊,第31卷156期,2005,54-57
[28]Chi E H.Improving Web usability through visualization. Internet Computing.2002.
[29]M.Mine,F. Brooks & C.Sequin. Moving Objects in Space:Exploiting Proprioception in Virtual Environment Interaction:Proc.SIGGRAPH'97,Los Angeles,1997,19-26
[30]Chen Chaomei.Searching for intellectual turning points:Progressive knowledge domain visualization.2008
[31]Zhang Jiajie, Johnson K A,Malin J.Human-centered information visualization,2007
[32]Marcus Kaar. A Multi-user Environment for the World Wide Web-The Virtual Shopping Mall. PhD thesis,Vienna University of Technology-The Institute of Computer Graphics,1998
[33]T.-M. Rhyne et al.,Can We Determine the Top Unresolved Problems of Visualization,Proc. IEEE Visualization,IEEE Press,2004,563-566
[34]Chen Chaomei. Information visualization:Beyond the horizon. New York: Springer,2004
[35]Ellis G, Dix A. The Plot, the Clutter, the Sampling and its Lens:Occlusion Measures for Automatic Clutter Reduction. AVI'06,2006.ACM:New York, 2006,266-269
[36]赖祥伟 邱玉辉,面向用户行为模型的软件可用性研究,[学位论文],重庆：西南大学,2007
[37]李静,品牌延伸下消费者认知机制和模型研究,《中国科技信息》,2008年第23期,157-159
[38]C. Ware, Information Visualization:Perception for Design,2nd ed.,Morgan Kaufmann,2004
[39]Bishop and Tipping, A Hierarchical Latent Variable Model for Data Visualization, IEEE Trans. Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol.20, no.3, 1998.281-293.
[40]Godinho PIA, Meiguins BS, Meiguins ASG, Carmo RMC, Carcia MB, Almeida LH,Lourenco R. PRISMADA multidimensional information visualization tool using multiple coordinated views. In:Ebad B,Remo A, Georges G, eds. Proc. of the 11th Int'l Conf. on Information Visualization (Ⅳ 2007). Washington:IEEE Computer Science Press,2007.23-32
[41]Chen et al.,Visualizing the Evolution of HCI, Human-Computer Interaction, Springer,2005
[2]Chen,C.Searching for intellectual turning points:Progressive Knowledge Domain Visualization. Proc. Natl.Acad. Sci.USA,101,Suppl.(2004)
[3]Freund,Y. and Mason,L. The alternating decision tree learning algorithm Proceeding of the Sixteenth International Conference on Machine Learning,Bled, Slovenia,2006
[4]Klinkenberg,R. and Renz,I.,Adaptive information filtering:learning in the presence of concept drifts,in Learning for Text Categorization,(Menlo Park,CA, 1998),AAAI Press,2003,33-40
[5]Morinaga, S.and Yamanishi, K.,Tracking dynamics of topic trends using a finite mixture model,ACM,2007,811-816
[6]Radicchi, F.,Castellano, C., Cecconi, F., Loreto,V. and Parisi,D. Defining and identifying communities in networks arXiv,2003
[7]Tabah, A.N. Literature dynamics:studies on growth,diffusion,and epidemics. Annual Review of Information Science and Technology,34,1999
[8]Petra Isenberg and Sheelagh Carpendale,Interactive Tree Comparison for Co-located Collaborative Information Visualization,2007
[9]Daniel Trudnowski,Performance of Three Mode-Meter Block Processing Algorithms for Automated Dynamic Stability Assessment,2008
[10]Chen Chaomei.Top 10 unsolved information visualization problems.IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications.2005:12-16
[11]Mikael Jern,An Information Visualization Approach to Retail Space Management (VisMT),2007
[12]Robert Kosara,Visualization Criticism-The Missing Link Between Information Visualization and Art,2007
[13]赵永振 刘正捷,基于鱼眼视图的网站地图开发与可用性研究,[学位论文], 大连：大连海事学校,2005
[14]Richard Brath,Use of Analogy in Synthesizing Novel Visualizations, 2008
[15]Chen Chaomei. Top 10 unsolved information visualization problems. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications.2005,12-16
[16]陈田,虚拟式交互产品展示系统技术的研究,[学位论文],浙江：浙江大学,2004
[17]王娜娜 王钰,交互式虚拟产品展示设计平台的研究,青岛大学学报(自然科学版),第12卷第2期,2006,69-73
[18]王颖 侯文君,自助式Internet个性化服务模型研究,[学位论文],北京：北京邮电大学,2008
[19]Tobias Skog,Sara Ljungblad and Lars Erik Holmquist,Between Aesthetics and Utility:Designing Ambient Information Visualizations,2003
[20]Robert A.Amar,John T. Stasko.Knowledge Precepts for Design and Evaluation of Information Visualization. IEEE transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics,2005,432-442
[21]董献洲 刘琼 李露阳,信息可视化视图的特征认知模式研究,情报科学,第26卷第7期,2008：1077-1080
[22]郭丹 刘正捷 郭志伟,C2C电子商务网站本地化建设中的用户体验研究,第二届和谐人机环境联合学术会议(2006)论文集,北京：清华大学出版社,2007,495-501
[23]周宁 程红莉 吴佳鑫,信息可视化的发展趋势研究,图书情报工作,第52卷第8期,2008
[24]Peter Morville,Louis Rosenfeld,web信息架构—设计大型网站,第三版,电子工业出版社,2008,89-126
[25]Havre S,Hetzler E,Whitney P, et al. ThemeRiver:visualizing thematic changes in large document collections. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics.2002
[26]Peter Morville,Louis Rosenfeld,web信息架构—设计大型网站,第三版,电子工业出版社,2008,134-156
[27]陆伟 万维稚,基于认知观点的信息检索交互模型,中国图书馆学报双月刊,第31卷156期,2005,54-57
[28]Chi E H.Improving Web usability through visualization. Internet Computing.2002.
[29]M.Mine,F. Brooks & C.Sequin. Moving Objects in Space:Exploiting Proprioception in Virtual Environment Interaction:Proc.SIGGRAPH'97,Los Angeles,1997,19-26
[30]Chen Chaomei.Searching for intellectual turning points:Progressive knowledge domain visualization.2008
[31]Zhang Jiajie, Johnson K A,Malin J.Human-centered information visualization,2007
[32]Marcus Kaar. A Multi-user Environment for the World Wide Web-The Virtual Shopping Mall. PhD thesis,Vienna University of Technology-The Institute of Computer Graphics,1998
[33]T.-M. Rhyne et al.,Can We Determine the Top Unresolved Problems of Visualization,Proc. IEEE Visualization,IEEE Press,2004,563-566
[34]Chen Chaomei. Information visualization:Beyond the horizon. New York: Springer,2004
[35]Ellis G, Dix A. The Plot, the Clutter, the Sampling and its Lens:Occlusion Measures for Automatic Clutter Reduction. AVI'06,2006.ACM:New York, 2006,266-269
[36]赖祥伟 邱玉辉,面向用户行为模型的软件可用性研究,[学位论文],重庆：西南大学,2007
[37]李静,品牌延伸下消费者认知机制和模型研究,《中国科技信息》,2008年第23期,157-159
[38]C. Ware, Information Visualization:Perception for Design,2nd ed.,Morgan Kaufmann,2004
[39]Bishop and Tipping, A Hierarchical Latent Variable Model for Data Visualization, IEEE Trans. Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol.20, no.3, 1998.281-293.
[40]Godinho PIA, Meiguins BS, Meiguins ASG, Carmo RMC, Carcia MB, Almeida LH,Lourenco R. PRISMADA multidimensional information visualization tool using multiple coordinated views. In:Ebad B,Remo A, Georges G, eds. Proc. of the 11th Int'l Conf. on Information Visualization (Ⅳ 2007). Washington:IEEE Computer Science Press,2007.23-32
[41]Chen et al.,Visualizing the Evolution of HCI, Human-Computer Interaction, Springer,2005