多色印刷分色模型研究
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摘要
多色印刷作为印刷理论和技术研究前沿领域的一个热点和难点问题,越来越被重视和突出。这不仅是印刷理论发展的需要,也是印刷实际应用提出的需求。论文在已有学者研究的基础上,着重研究了多色印刷的分色问题,研究内容和所做工作主要有:
1.Neugebauer方程的数学解法
Neugebauer方程是将与质量控制紧密相关的各色版式网点面积率和与印刷视觉效果直接相关的色度刺激值相联系的方程组,是一种十分重要的数学转换模型,本文完全从数学的角度探讨了Neugebauer方程的解法。
2.提出了基于分区思想的多色印刷分色理论
由于高保真印刷采用多于四色的油墨来复制原稿,因此常规的分色方法已经不适合。本文提出了一种按基色色相角分区的方法成功地将纽介堡方程应用到多色印刷分色中。根据这个方法,我将高保真分色分为两个阶段:在第一个阶段内,彩色原稿中的每一个颜色通过分区纽介堡方程得到最初的分色数据;在第二个阶段内,根据灰平衡曲线用黄、品、青三色替代部分黑版。原稿的每个颜色最终由五个高保真基色来复制,从而解决了常规分色方法不适用于多色分色的难题。另外,在算法中区分了彩色原稿中的中性色与彩色中的非彩色成份,分别对两部分中性灰进行调控。
3.设计并编写了实验系统
本实验以标准原稿为基础抽取了其中的部分内容,主要包括高光、暗调、人物这些较难复制的内容,验证了理论的正确性与可行性。
最后,对整个论文进行了总结,提出了今后需要进一步改进和完善的工作。
As one of the important and difficult issues in color printing, multi-color printing is being paid more and more attentions, which is not only the demand of the printing theories development, but also the need of high quality printing. On the basis of former studies, the paper mainly works on the Hi-fi color printing color separation algorithms. And the main researches and results are as the following:
1. Solutions to Neugebauer Equation System
Neugebauer Equation System is a system that combines the dot area coverage that has a close relationship with printing quality control with the tristimulus which has a direct relationship with print visual effect, which is an important mathematic model. Though the system is a very important model in printing area, the materials about its solution are infrequent. The paper discusses the solutions completely in the view of math.
2. The method of subareas
As the Hi-fi color printing reproduces originals with more than four inks, the regular color separation methods are no longer suitable. The paper introduces a subareas method based on primary color hue angles which successfully applies the Neugebauer Equations to multi-color separation. According to this method, I divide the color separation process into two steps: Firstly, all the color is solved by subareas Neugebauer Equations to get the original separation data; then, substitute the black ink with cyan, magenta and yellow according to the gray balance curve. Every color of the original is reproduced by five hi-fi primary colors finally, which solved the difficulty of the unsuitability of regular color separation methods. In additional, I make a difference between the gray color of the original and the gray component of the color, the two neutral gray is adjusted separately.
3. Design and program the experiment system
The paper got some materials from the standard original to form the experiment original, including highlight, dark tone and persons, all of which are hard to reproduce. And it proved that the theories are correct and feasible.
At last, a conclusion is made, and the work need to do in the future is put forward.
1.Neugebauer方程的数学解法
Neugebauer方程是将与质量控制紧密相关的各色版式网点面积率和与印刷视觉效果直接相关的色度刺激值相联系的方程组,是一种十分重要的数学转换模型,本文完全从数学的角度探讨了Neugebauer方程的解法。
2.提出了基于分区思想的多色印刷分色理论
由于高保真印刷采用多于四色的油墨来复制原稿,因此常规的分色方法已经不适合。本文提出了一种按基色色相角分区的方法成功地将纽介堡方程应用到多色印刷分色中。根据这个方法,我将高保真分色分为两个阶段:在第一个阶段内,彩色原稿中的每一个颜色通过分区纽介堡方程得到最初的分色数据;在第二个阶段内,根据灰平衡曲线用黄、品、青三色替代部分黑版。原稿的每个颜色最终由五个高保真基色来复制,从而解决了常规分色方法不适用于多色分色的难题。另外,在算法中区分了彩色原稿中的中性色与彩色中的非彩色成份,分别对两部分中性灰进行调控。
3.设计并编写了实验系统
本实验以标准原稿为基础抽取了其中的部分内容,主要包括高光、暗调、人物这些较难复制的内容,验证了理论的正确性与可行性。
最后,对整个论文进行了总结,提出了今后需要进一步改进和完善的工作。
As one of the important and difficult issues in color printing, multi-color printing is being paid more and more attentions, which is not only the demand of the printing theories development, but also the need of high quality printing. On the basis of former studies, the paper mainly works on the Hi-fi color printing color separation algorithms. And the main researches and results are as the following:
1. Solutions to Neugebauer Equation System
Neugebauer Equation System is a system that combines the dot area coverage that has a close relationship with printing quality control with the tristimulus which has a direct relationship with print visual effect, which is an important mathematic model. Though the system is a very important model in printing area, the materials about its solution are infrequent. The paper discusses the solutions completely in the view of math.
2. The method of subareas
As the Hi-fi color printing reproduces originals with more than four inks, the regular color separation methods are no longer suitable. The paper introduces a subareas method based on primary color hue angles which successfully applies the Neugebauer Equations to multi-color separation. According to this method, I divide the color separation process into two steps: Firstly, all the color is solved by subareas Neugebauer Equations to get the original separation data; then, substitute the black ink with cyan, magenta and yellow according to the gray balance curve. Every color of the original is reproduced by five hi-fi primary colors finally, which solved the difficulty of the unsuitability of regular color separation methods. In additional, I make a difference between the gray color of the original and the gray component of the color, the two neutral gray is adjusted separately.
3. Design and program the experiment system
The paper got some materials from the standard original to form the experiment original, including highlight, dark tone and persons, all of which are hard to reproduce. And it proved that the theories are correct and feasible.
At last, a conclusion is made, and the work need to do in the future is put forward.
引文
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[3]王小燕.包装印刷中的多色分色印刷技术[J].广东印刷.2006年,第6期:17-19
[4]侯克杰.关于高保真彩色印刷技术的思考(二)[J].数码印刷,2004年,第10期:63-65
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[11]Yong Wang,Haisong Xu.Determination of CRT color gamut boundaries in perceptual color space[R].State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation Zhejiang University.
[12]Morovic J,Luo M.R.Calculating Medium and Image Gamut Boundaries for Gamut Mapping[J].Col Res Appl 2000,25(6):394-401
[13]J Morovic.To develop a universal gamut mapping algorithm[D],Ph.D.Thesis,University of Derby,1998
[14]Lindsay MacDonald,Jan Morovic,Kaida Xiao.A Topagraphic gamut mapping algorithm[J].JIST,vol.46,no.3,May/June 2002
[15]Gustav J.Braun and Mark D.Fairchild.Gamut Mapping for Pictorial Images[R].Munsell Color Science Laboratory Center for Imaging Science
[16]Morovic J,Luo M.R.The Fundamentals of Gamut Mapping:A Survey[J].Imaging Science and Technology.2001,45(3):283-290
[17]Morovic J,Luo M.R.Calculating Medium and Image Gamut Boundaries for Gamut Mapping[J].Col Res Appl 2000,25(6):394-401
[18]Stone M.C.and Wallace W.E.Gamut Mapping.Computer Generated Imagery[J].Graphics Interface 91,1991,32-39
[19]Laihanen P.Colour Reproduction Theory based on the Principles of Colour Science[C].IARAIGAI Conference Proceedings-Advances in Printing Science and Technology,1987,19:1-36
[20]Sara J.J.The Automated Reproduction of Pictures with Nortreproducible Colors[D].PhD.Thesis,Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT),1984
[21]L.W.MacDonald.Gamut Mapping in Perceptual Color Space[C],Proceeding of 1st IS&SID Color Imaging Conference,IS&T,Spring field,VA,1993,193-196
[22]Morovic J.Colour Gamut Mapping,Colour Management for Information System[D],in Easter School'97,University Derby,1997,159-164
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[25]Stollnitz,Eric J..Reproducing Color Images with Custom Inks[D].Doctoral dissertation,Department of Mathematics,University of Washington,1998
[26]P.Laihanen.Colour Reproduction Theory Based on the Principles of Colour Science[C].Proceedings of the International Association of Research Institutes for the Graphic Arts Industry,volume 19,1987:1-36
[27]P Hung,T Mitsuhashi,T Saitoh,Inkjet printing system for textile using Hi-fi colors[C].Proc.Of IS&T Image Processing Image Quality Image Capture Systems(PICS)Conference,2001:46-50
[28]Atsushi Takaghi,Toru Ozeki,Yoshinori Ogata,and Sachie Minato.Faithful Color Printing for Computer Generated Image Syntheses with Highly Saturated Component Inks[C].Proceedings of the IS&T/SID Color Imaging Conference:Color Science,Systems and Applications,1994:108-111
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[32]P.Hung.Colorimetric Characterization Beyond Three Colorants[C].Proc.of SPIE,Vol.3963,2000:196-207
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[39]张正修,张传香.CTP版应用于高保真印刷工艺探析[J].中国印刷,2002年,第9期
[40]高保真彩色印刷技术的优势与应用原则[EB/OL].广东印刷网.2005-3-17
[41]张逸新.分色制版新技术[M].中国轻工业出版社,2001
[42]殷幼芳.实用电子分色制版新技术[M].北京:印刷工业出版社,1993
[43]刘新武.数字印前技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2003
[44]陈永常.现代印刷技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2003
[45]胡成发.印刷色彩与色度学[M].北京:印刷工业出版社,1993
[46]崔元日,杨力等.四色地图印刷网点面积率计算[J].测绘学报.1995,24(3):226
[47]R Rolleston and R Balasubramanian,Accuracy of various types of Neugebauer models[C].IS&T/SID Third Color Imaging Conference,1993:32-37
[48]R Balasubramanian,Optimization of the spectral Neugebauer model for printer characterization[J].Electronic Imaging 8(2),1999:156-166
[49]Lawrence A.Taplin.Spectral Modeling of a Six-Color Inkjet Printer[D].M.S.Degree Thesis.CENTER FOR IMAGING SCIENCE,ROCHESTER INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROCHESTER,NEW YORK.2001
[50]M.Mahy and P.Delabastita.Inversion of Neugebauer Equations[J].Color Research and Application,Vol.21,No.6,1996:404-411
[51]芦宁.色彩方程在包装印刷中应用研究[D].西安:西安理工大学,2004
[52]崔元日,吴新民,李向亭.印刷图像学[M].北京:解放军出版社,1998:258-264
[53]崔元日.彩色图像颜色再现研究现状[J].测绘学院学报.1994年,11(3):202
[54]Kang,H.R..Kubelka-Munk Modeling of inkjet Mixing[J].Journal of Imaging Technology,1991,17(2)
[55]张良培,严晓晶.关于加法呈色与减法呈色转换方程的探讨[J].中国印刷.1992年,第38期
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[68]崔虎平.军用地图电子出版系统—色彩库和彩色管理系统[D].郑州:作息工程大学测绘学院,2000
[2]侯克杰.关于高保真彩色印刷技术的思考(一)[J].数码印刷,2004年,第9期:56-58
[3]王小燕.包装印刷中的多色分色印刷技术[J].广东印刷.2006年,第6期:17-19
[4]侯克杰.关于高保真彩色印刷技术的思考(二)[J].数码印刷,2004年,第10期:63-65
[5]汤顺青.色度学[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,1990
[6]杜功顺.印刷色彩学[M].北京:印刷工业出版社,1995
[7]高志侠等.印刷色彩学[M].辽宁:辽宁教育出版社,1992
[8]蒋继旺.应用色彩学[M].北京:解放军出版社,2002
[9]蒋继旺.应用色度学[M].北京:解放军出版社,1998
[10]黄庆梅,赵达尊.基于zernike多项式表示色域边界的色域映射[J].光学技术,Vol.29,No.2,March 2003
[11]Yong Wang,Haisong Xu.Determination of CRT color gamut boundaries in perceptual color space[R].State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation Zhejiang University.
[12]Morovic J,Luo M.R.Calculating Medium and Image Gamut Boundaries for Gamut Mapping[J].Col Res Appl 2000,25(6):394-401
[13]J Morovic.To develop a universal gamut mapping algorithm[D],Ph.D.Thesis,University of Derby,1998
[14]Lindsay MacDonald,Jan Morovic,Kaida Xiao.A Topagraphic gamut mapping algorithm[J].JIST,vol.46,no.3,May/June 2002
[15]Gustav J.Braun and Mark D.Fairchild.Gamut Mapping for Pictorial Images[R].Munsell Color Science Laboratory Center for Imaging Science
[16]Morovic J,Luo M.R.The Fundamentals of Gamut Mapping:A Survey[J].Imaging Science and Technology.2001,45(3):283-290
[17]Morovic J,Luo M.R.Calculating Medium and Image Gamut Boundaries for Gamut Mapping[J].Col Res Appl 2000,25(6):394-401
[18]Stone M.C.and Wallace W.E.Gamut Mapping.Computer Generated Imagery[J].Graphics Interface 91,1991,32-39
[19]Laihanen P.Colour Reproduction Theory based on the Principles of Colour Science[C].IARAIGAI Conference Proceedings-Advances in Printing Science and Technology,1987,19:1-36
[20]Sara J.J.The Automated Reproduction of Pictures with Nortreproducible Colors[D].PhD.Thesis,Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT),1984
[21]L.W.MacDonald.Gamut Mapping in Perceptual Color Space[C],Proceeding of 1st IS&SID Color Imaging Conference,IS&T,Spring field,VA,1993,193-196
[22]Morovic J.Colour Gamut Mapping,Colour Management for Information System[D],in Easter School'97,University Derby,1997,159-164
[23]汪兆良.印刷色彩学[M].上海:上海交通大学出版社,1991
[24]胡更生.高保真彩色印刷的色域分析[J].广东印刷,1997年,第四期:14-17
[25]Stollnitz,Eric J..Reproducing Color Images with Custom Inks[D].Doctoral dissertation,Department of Mathematics,University of Washington,1998
[26]P.Laihanen.Colour Reproduction Theory Based on the Principles of Colour Science[C].Proceedings of the International Association of Research Institutes for the Graphic Arts Industry,volume 19,1987:1-36
[27]P Hung,T Mitsuhashi,T Saitoh,Inkjet printing system for textile using Hi-fi colors[C].Proc.Of IS&T Image Processing Image Quality Image Capture Systems(PICS)Conference,2001:46-50
[28]Atsushi Takaghi,Toru Ozeki,Yoshinori Ogata,and Sachie Minato.Faithful Color Printing for Computer Generated Image Syntheses with Highly Saturated Component Inks[C].Proceedings of the IS&T/SID Color Imaging Conference:Color Science,Systems and Applications,1994:108-111
[29]侯克杰.关于高保真彩色印刷技术的思考(三)[J].数码印刷,2004年,第11期:44-46
[30]侯克杰.关于高保真彩色印刷技术的思考(四)[J].数码印刷,2004年,第12期:62-64
[31]侯克杰.关于高保真彩色印刷技术的思考(五)[J].数码印刷,2005年,第1期:72-74
[32]P.Hung.Colorimetric Characterization Beyond Three Colorants[C].Proc.of SPIE,Vol.3963,2000:196-207
[33]Boll,Harold.A color to colorant transformation for a seven-ink process[A].In:SPIE.Device-Independent Color Imaging[C].Proceedings of the SPIE,volume 2170.Bellingham,WA:SPIE,1994:108-118
[34]J A Stephen Viggiano,William J Hoagland.Colorant selection for six-color lithographic printing[R].Rochester NY:RIT Research Corporation,2000
[35]Henry R.Kang.Comparisons of Color Mixing Theories for Use in Electronic Printing[A].In:Transforms & Transportability of Color[C].Proceedings of the IS&T/SID Color Imaging Conference,1993:78-82
[36]A.Ufuk Agar.Model Based Color Separation for CMYKcm Printing.Hewlett-Packard Laboratories,Palo Alto,CA USA
[37]严美芳.Hi-Fi Color高保真色彩与“随机网点”[J].印刷杂志,1994年,第3期:7-8
[38]陈广学.地图出版可视化中的数字加网技术研究[D].郑州:信息工程大学测绘学院,2005:
[39]张正修,张传香.CTP版应用于高保真印刷工艺探析[J].中国印刷,2002年,第9期
[40]高保真彩色印刷技术的优势与应用原则[EB/OL].广东印刷网.2005-3-17
[41]张逸新.分色制版新技术[M].中国轻工业出版社,2001
[42]殷幼芳.实用电子分色制版新技术[M].北京:印刷工业出版社,1993
[43]刘新武.数字印前技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2003
[44]陈永常.现代印刷技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2003
[45]胡成发.印刷色彩与色度学[M].北京:印刷工业出版社,1993
[46]崔元日,杨力等.四色地图印刷网点面积率计算[J].测绘学报.1995,24(3):226
[47]R Rolleston and R Balasubramanian,Accuracy of various types of Neugebauer models[C].IS&T/SID Third Color Imaging Conference,1993:32-37
[48]R Balasubramanian,Optimization of the spectral Neugebauer model for printer characterization[J].Electronic Imaging 8(2),1999:156-166
[49]Lawrence A.Taplin.Spectral Modeling of a Six-Color Inkjet Printer[D].M.S.Degree Thesis.CENTER FOR IMAGING SCIENCE,ROCHESTER INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROCHESTER,NEW YORK.2001
[50]M.Mahy and P.Delabastita.Inversion of Neugebauer Equations[J].Color Research and Application,Vol.21,No.6,1996:404-411
[51]芦宁.色彩方程在包装印刷中应用研究[D].西安:西安理工大学,2004
[52]崔元日,吴新民,李向亭.印刷图像学[M].北京:解放军出版社,1998:258-264
[53]崔元日.彩色图像颜色再现研究现状[J].测绘学院学报.1994年,11(3):202
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