互联网平台上的知识生产
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摘要
本文以社会化媒体作为研究对象,考察社会化媒体的发展对于知识生产的意义。论文从阐述知识生产的开放性趋势入手,通过对社会化媒体基本界定、技术特征和社会应用的分析,呈现出社会化媒体对于知识生产在主体多元化、生产方式革新以及生产规则衍变等方面的推动作用。通过此项研究,笔者试图从媒体技术发展的角度揭示人们在形成对于社会结构的认识——知识——时在沟通机制、交流模式的变化,并结合对于历史脉络的梳理,阐述全新的网络技术对于一般性的知识生产所带来的可能性。
本研究整体上沿循知识社会学的基本趋向,其着眼点在于技术发展和知识生产这一对变量之间的关系,因此对具体的知识类型不做细致区分。在具体研究方法上,本研究在汲取现有实证研究数据的基础上,选择两项紧密相关的研究个案,采用访谈和参与式观察等质性研究方法。需要说明的是,由于研究主题和个案的特殊性,本研究的访谈和参与式观察均通过网络空间来展开,这不仅具有一定的创新价值,也为将来的进一步研究提供了借鉴与批评的基础。
文章在绪论部分首先通过对以社会化媒体为重点的网络技术发展新趋势的介绍,说明本研究的缘起与基本思路。并对有关研究问题、研究方法做了澄清,对于现有研究文献进行理论综述。
第一章首先对本研究两个研究变量之一的知识生产基本概念做了界定,并从主体以及主体所构成的社群角度对知识生产进行了社会学的考察,进而以纵向历史的维度描述知识生产不断走向开放的趋势。
第二章承接前文关于知识生产开放性趋势的分析,探讨分布式网络技术对于知识空间进一步开拓和开放的价值,由此将落实到本研究的焦点：社会化媒体,并初步介绍作为知识空间的社会化媒体的基本类型和技术特性。
第三章以社会化媒体为基础,探讨分布式网络技术平台之上知识生产主体的新趋势：业余的崛起。与此同时,对于传统知识精英在新的知识空间角色功能的转化给予了充分的阐述,从而呈现出知识精英和一般公众在新的知识空间中互动机制的变化。
第四章以“社会化生产”为基本落脚点,阐述新的网络技术对于知识生产方式的全新变革。在对具体个案TEDtoChina的质性研究基础上,展现知识生产方式在未来的全新可能性。
第五章承接前文对于新的网络空间中知识生产主体角色变化和生产方式革新的论述,提出知识生产在规则层面需要适应技术发展带来的全新挑战,并以“知识共享协议”(Creative Commons)为个案来说明以分享为基本理念的知识生产新规则的前景。
最后,本研究在对本文主旨总结的基础上,对于研究的偏向与不足进行了归纳,以期为后续研究提供借鉴。
This dissertation focuses on the'social media'and investigates its significance to the'knowledge production'. Starting from the elaboration of the opening up trends of knowledge production, this study presents the role of social media in promoting the diversification of knowledge sources, the innovation of production models and transformation of the rules through defining social media and its technological characteristics. Furthermore, it reveals the influences of transforming communication models on people's understanding of the social structure—knowledge—from the perspective of the development of media technology. It also explores the opportunities and challenges brought by the new internet technology to knowledge production in general.
The study follows the basic ideas of knowledge sociology and concentrates on the relationship between media technology and knowledge production, rather than the different types of knowledge. With regard to the methodology, this study conducts in-depth interviews and participatory observations on two closely related cases. It needs to be explained that because of the specific characteristics of research subject and cases, the in-depth interview and participatory obervation is conducted in the cyberspace, instead of face-to-face way. Thus, the dissertation has innovative value in terms of research methodologies and provides references for further studies.
In the introduction section, the paper first clarifies the development trends of Internet technology, especially the rising of social media, and makes clear the logics and basic ideas of this research. It also presents the dissertation's core issue, methodology and reviews the existing literature both on the subjets of social media and knowledge production. Chapter One defines the term of knowledge production and probes the sociology of knowledge production from the perspective of individuals and communities, then it describes the opening trends of knowledge production from the historical dimension. Chapter Two goes on with discussing the contribution to the expansion of knowledge production made by distributed network technology, particularly social media; it also illustrates the types and technical characterics of social media as knowledge space. Chapter Three probes the new trend-the rise of amateur-of the subject of knowledge production on the distributed network. At the same time, the role and function of intellectual elites in the new knowledge space is restated, the interaction mechanisms between intellectuals and general publics in the new knowledge space are presented. Taking TEDtoChina as a case study, Chapter Four articulates what means'social production', and explores the radical change of the models of knowledge production caused by new internet technology. In order to indicate the challenges of media technology to the rules of knowledge production, Chapter Five sheds lights on the future of sharing-based knowledge production via the case study of'Creative Commons'.
The dissertation ends with the conclusion of research question, and points out the limitations and shortcomings of this study for further study.
本研究整体上沿循知识社会学的基本趋向,其着眼点在于技术发展和知识生产这一对变量之间的关系,因此对具体的知识类型不做细致区分。在具体研究方法上,本研究在汲取现有实证研究数据的基础上,选择两项紧密相关的研究个案,采用访谈和参与式观察等质性研究方法。需要说明的是,由于研究主题和个案的特殊性,本研究的访谈和参与式观察均通过网络空间来展开,这不仅具有一定的创新价值,也为将来的进一步研究提供了借鉴与批评的基础。
文章在绪论部分首先通过对以社会化媒体为重点的网络技术发展新趋势的介绍,说明本研究的缘起与基本思路。并对有关研究问题、研究方法做了澄清,对于现有研究文献进行理论综述。
第一章首先对本研究两个研究变量之一的知识生产基本概念做了界定,并从主体以及主体所构成的社群角度对知识生产进行了社会学的考察,进而以纵向历史的维度描述知识生产不断走向开放的趋势。
第二章承接前文关于知识生产开放性趋势的分析,探讨分布式网络技术对于知识空间进一步开拓和开放的价值,由此将落实到本研究的焦点：社会化媒体,并初步介绍作为知识空间的社会化媒体的基本类型和技术特性。
第三章以社会化媒体为基础,探讨分布式网络技术平台之上知识生产主体的新趋势：业余的崛起。与此同时,对于传统知识精英在新的知识空间角色功能的转化给予了充分的阐述,从而呈现出知识精英和一般公众在新的知识空间中互动机制的变化。
第四章以“社会化生产”为基本落脚点,阐述新的网络技术对于知识生产方式的全新变革。在对具体个案TEDtoChina的质性研究基础上,展现知识生产方式在未来的全新可能性。
第五章承接前文对于新的网络空间中知识生产主体角色变化和生产方式革新的论述,提出知识生产在规则层面需要适应技术发展带来的全新挑战,并以“知识共享协议”(Creative Commons)为个案来说明以分享为基本理念的知识生产新规则的前景。
最后,本研究在对本文主旨总结的基础上,对于研究的偏向与不足进行了归纳,以期为后续研究提供借鉴。
This dissertation focuses on the'social media'and investigates its significance to the'knowledge production'. Starting from the elaboration of the opening up trends of knowledge production, this study presents the role of social media in promoting the diversification of knowledge sources, the innovation of production models and transformation of the rules through defining social media and its technological characteristics. Furthermore, it reveals the influences of transforming communication models on people's understanding of the social structure—knowledge—from the perspective of the development of media technology. It also explores the opportunities and challenges brought by the new internet technology to knowledge production in general.
The study follows the basic ideas of knowledge sociology and concentrates on the relationship between media technology and knowledge production, rather than the different types of knowledge. With regard to the methodology, this study conducts in-depth interviews and participatory observations on two closely related cases. It needs to be explained that because of the specific characteristics of research subject and cases, the in-depth interview and participatory obervation is conducted in the cyberspace, instead of face-to-face way. Thus, the dissertation has innovative value in terms of research methodologies and provides references for further studies.
In the introduction section, the paper first clarifies the development trends of Internet technology, especially the rising of social media, and makes clear the logics and basic ideas of this research. It also presents the dissertation's core issue, methodology and reviews the existing literature both on the subjets of social media and knowledge production. Chapter One defines the term of knowledge production and probes the sociology of knowledge production from the perspective of individuals and communities, then it describes the opening trends of knowledge production from the historical dimension. Chapter Two goes on with discussing the contribution to the expansion of knowledge production made by distributed network technology, particularly social media; it also illustrates the types and technical characterics of social media as knowledge space. Chapter Three probes the new trend-the rise of amateur-of the subject of knowledge production on the distributed network. At the same time, the role and function of intellectual elites in the new knowledge space is restated, the interaction mechanisms between intellectuals and general publics in the new knowledge space are presented. Taking TEDtoChina as a case study, Chapter Four articulates what means'social production', and explores the radical change of the models of knowledge production caused by new internet technology. In order to indicate the challenges of media technology to the rules of knowledge production, Chapter Five sheds lights on the future of sharing-based knowledge production via the case study of'Creative Commons'.
The dissertation ends with the conclusion of research question, and points out the limitations and shortcomings of this study for further study.
引文
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