起重船对南海海况的适用性研究
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摘要
随着海洋工程开发事业的不断完善以及海上资源勘探和开采的需要,对海上大型设备的需求越来越高,起重船作为海洋工程设施建设的主力工程船舶,可用于港口船舶装卸、造船工业、海洋石油平台安装、海洋交通运输、水下救援等,是全方位开发海洋必不可少的工具,但随着起重能力的增大,对允许作业海况下的船舶性能也提出更高的要求。本文针对此问题,密切联系工程实际,研究起重船对作业海况的适用性研究,保证其在外作业的安全。
使用MOSES软件,运用三维势流理论建立起重船模型,计算分析船舶在满载吃水下的稳性、强度以及不同浪向角下的运动响应。首先,利用两参数威布尔分布对海况进行统计处理,得出各海况参数的规律;其次,计算起重船在航行过程中的稳性及预估船舶在规则波系泊下运动和波浪载荷;第三,计算全年各月特定海况环境下起重船作业及待命状态时,在不规则波中系泊下的运动状态,以受力和运动等准则确定起重船能承受的海洋环境条件;最后,以每月的海况统计资料确定起重船在作业点的作业和待命概率,判断其对海况的适用性。
本文做出的适用性研究结果,对同类船舶在沿海海域进行起重作业时的适用性研究和实际工程进展提供了理论及计算方法,有一定的参考作用和工程实用价值。
With the development of marine engineering and the decreasing exploration of maritime resources, the demand of large equipments in the sea is more and more higher. Crane barges, as a main marine engineering construction, can be used to loading and unloading of ship, shipbuilding industry, installation of offshore oil platform, marine transportation, rescue under wanter and so on, which show that they are the necessary tools for ocean development. But with the increase lifting capacity, the crane stability in allowed operation ocean condition also put forward higher request. This topic contacts the engineering practice and reaseaches on the adaptive ocean condition of crane so as to ensure the safety condition of the operation.
According to the issue above, the model of crane barge is built in the Three Dimension Diffraction Theory and by the software MOSES. Then stability, longitudinal strength and motion amplitude in different heading angles in load draft are calculated and analyzed. Firstly, according to Weibull distribution with two parameters, the sea statistical conditions are processing and obtain the regular pattern of sea parameters. Secondly, the crane stability in the navigation, the motion and wave load in regular waves are estimated and calculated. Thirdly, the calculation of motion in irregular wave of operation and standby state in specific sea environment throughout the year, is compared with the force and motion criteria. Then the allowed marine environment conditions of crane are determined. Finally, the operation and standby probability of crane in special location are determined by the monthly sea statistics, which can judge the adaptability to the sea condition. The analysis menthod and conclusions in the paper are applicable and value to the practical research on the lifting operations of the same kind ships in coastal area.
使用MOSES软件,运用三维势流理论建立起重船模型,计算分析船舶在满载吃水下的稳性、强度以及不同浪向角下的运动响应。首先,利用两参数威布尔分布对海况进行统计处理,得出各海况参数的规律;其次,计算起重船在航行过程中的稳性及预估船舶在规则波系泊下运动和波浪载荷;第三,计算全年各月特定海况环境下起重船作业及待命状态时,在不规则波中系泊下的运动状态,以受力和运动等准则确定起重船能承受的海洋环境条件;最后,以每月的海况统计资料确定起重船在作业点的作业和待命概率,判断其对海况的适用性。
本文做出的适用性研究结果,对同类船舶在沿海海域进行起重作业时的适用性研究和实际工程进展提供了理论及计算方法,有一定的参考作用和工程实用价值。
With the development of marine engineering and the decreasing exploration of maritime resources, the demand of large equipments in the sea is more and more higher. Crane barges, as a main marine engineering construction, can be used to loading and unloading of ship, shipbuilding industry, installation of offshore oil platform, marine transportation, rescue under wanter and so on, which show that they are the necessary tools for ocean development. But with the increase lifting capacity, the crane stability in allowed operation ocean condition also put forward higher request. This topic contacts the engineering practice and reaseaches on the adaptive ocean condition of crane so as to ensure the safety condition of the operation.
According to the issue above, the model of crane barge is built in the Three Dimension Diffraction Theory and by the software MOSES. Then stability, longitudinal strength and motion amplitude in different heading angles in load draft are calculated and analyzed. Firstly, according to Weibull distribution with two parameters, the sea statistical conditions are processing and obtain the regular pattern of sea parameters. Secondly, the crane stability in the navigation, the motion and wave load in regular waves are estimated and calculated. Thirdly, the calculation of motion in irregular wave of operation and standby state in specific sea environment throughout the year, is compared with the force and motion criteria. Then the allowed marine environment conditions of crane are determined. Finally, the operation and standby probability of crane in special location are determined by the monthly sea statistics, which can judge the adaptability to the sea condition. The analysis menthod and conclusions in the paper are applicable and value to the practical research on the lifting operations of the same kind ships in coastal area.
引文
[1]李远芳,白毅平.南海区域海洋环境监测数据库及web开发应用[J].中国新技术新产品,2010,1:1
[2]刘毅华,董玉祥.关于我国南海沿岸的资源问题[J].海洋开发与管理,1999,3: 1-3
[3]姚泊初.南海的天然气水合物矿藏[J].热带海洋学报,2001,20(2):20-28
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[5]张波,陈晨.我国南海石油天然气资源特点及开发利用对策[J].特种油气藏, 2004,11(6):2-3
[6]张凤久.我国南海天然气开发前景展望[J].天然气工业,2009,29(1):2-3
[7]刘随隆.浅谈大型其中工程船[J].造船技术,1990,4:1-2
[8]程传林,王树玉.南海水文气象状况与航线选择[J].中国科技博览,2010,25:1
[9]许东禹,刘锡清,张训华等.中国近海地质[M].北京:地质出版社,1997:40-41
[10]王学亮.大型起重船在海浪中的运动响应研究[D].天津大学,2003
[11]刘随隆.浅谈大型其中工程船[J].造船技术,1990,4:1-2
[12]邵天骏.起重船:海上作业大力士[J].航海,2008,4:5-8
[13]李积德.船舶耐波性[M],哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学出版社,2007,12-18
[14]徐继祖等.海洋工程结构动力分析[M],天津:天津大学出版社,1992:220-225
[15]陈柏乔.半潜船运载装卸海洋结构物的可行性分析及压载方案优化[D],天津:天津大学,2009
[16]文圣常,余宙文.海浪理论与计算原理[M].北京:科学出版社,1985:145-146
[17]王学亮.大型起重船在海浪中的运动响应研究[C].天津大学,2003:22-23
[18]徐德伦,于定勇.随机海浪理论[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2001:195-199
[19]陈上及,马继瑞.海洋数据处理分析方法及其应用[M].北京:海洋出版社,1991:349-480
[20]严恺,梁其荀.海港工程[M].北京:海洋出版社,2002
[21]俞聿修.随机波浪及其工程应用[M].大连:大连理工大学出版社,2000
[22]许鹏婧.导管架平台设计中的海洋水文气象参数的统计计算[C].中国海洋大学,2010:22-23
[23]董胜.工程设计Weibull分布参数拟合的改进方法[J].青岛海洋大学学报,1999 (1):135-141.
[24]Weibull W. A statistical distribution of wide applicability. Journal of Applied Mechanics, 1951, 18:293-297
[25]冯刚,吴海帆,黄洪钟.工程船锚泊移位系统的最优控制策略及拟静力分析[J].海洋工程,2001,19(4):1-4
[26]Mitsuyasu, H., 1966: Interactions between water waves and wind (1). Rep. Inst. Appl. Mech. Kyushu Univ., 14. 67~88
[27]Phillips, O.M. and M.L. Banner. Wave breaking in the presence of wind drift and swell. J.Fluid Mech, 1974, 66: 625~640
[28]Masson, D. On the nonlinear coupling between swell and wind waves. J. Phys. Oceanogr.1993, 23: 1249~1258.
[29]Donson. F., W.Perrie, and B. Toulany:On the deep water fetch laws for wind-generated surface gravity waves. Atmos—Ocean, 1988, 27:210~236
[30]Hanson, J.L., and O. M. Phillips, Wind sea growth and dissipation in the open ocean. J.Phys. Oceanogr., 1999, 29: 1633~1648
[31]Violante-Carvalho, N., F.J. Ocampo-Torres and I. S. Robinson: Buoy observations of the influence of swell on wind waves in the open ocean. Applied Ocean Research, 2004, 26: 49~60
[32]黄必桂.渤海海浪的数值模拟和涌浪对风浪影响的研究[C].青岛:中国海洋大学,2008
[2]刘毅华,董玉祥.关于我国南海沿岸的资源问题[J].海洋开发与管理,1999,3: 1-3
[3]姚泊初.南海的天然气水合物矿藏[J].热带海洋学报,2001,20(2):20-28
[4]宋海斌,耿建华.南海北部东沙海域天然气水合物的初步研究[J].地球物理学报,2001,(5):687-694.
[5]张波,陈晨.我国南海石油天然气资源特点及开发利用对策[J].特种油气藏, 2004,11(6):2-3
[6]张凤久.我国南海天然气开发前景展望[J].天然气工业,2009,29(1):2-3
[7]刘随隆.浅谈大型其中工程船[J].造船技术,1990,4:1-2
[8]程传林,王树玉.南海水文气象状况与航线选择[J].中国科技博览,2010,25:1
[9]许东禹,刘锡清,张训华等.中国近海地质[M].北京:地质出版社,1997:40-41
[10]王学亮.大型起重船在海浪中的运动响应研究[D].天津大学,2003
[11]刘随隆.浅谈大型其中工程船[J].造船技术,1990,4:1-2
[12]邵天骏.起重船:海上作业大力士[J].航海,2008,4:5-8
[13]李积德.船舶耐波性[M],哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学出版社,2007,12-18
[14]徐继祖等.海洋工程结构动力分析[M],天津:天津大学出版社,1992:220-225
[15]陈柏乔.半潜船运载装卸海洋结构物的可行性分析及压载方案优化[D],天津:天津大学,2009
[16]文圣常,余宙文.海浪理论与计算原理[M].北京:科学出版社,1985:145-146
[17]王学亮.大型起重船在海浪中的运动响应研究[C].天津大学,2003:22-23
[18]徐德伦,于定勇.随机海浪理论[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2001:195-199
[19]陈上及,马继瑞.海洋数据处理分析方法及其应用[M].北京:海洋出版社,1991:349-480
[20]严恺,梁其荀.海港工程[M].北京:海洋出版社,2002
[21]俞聿修.随机波浪及其工程应用[M].大连:大连理工大学出版社,2000
[22]许鹏婧.导管架平台设计中的海洋水文气象参数的统计计算[C].中国海洋大学,2010:22-23
[23]董胜.工程设计Weibull分布参数拟合的改进方法[J].青岛海洋大学学报,1999 (1):135-141.
[24]Weibull W. A statistical distribution of wide applicability. Journal of Applied Mechanics, 1951, 18:293-297
[25]冯刚,吴海帆,黄洪钟.工程船锚泊移位系统的最优控制策略及拟静力分析[J].海洋工程,2001,19(4):1-4
[26]Mitsuyasu, H., 1966: Interactions between water waves and wind (1). Rep. Inst. Appl. Mech. Kyushu Univ., 14. 67~88
[27]Phillips, O.M. and M.L. Banner. Wave breaking in the presence of wind drift and swell. J.Fluid Mech, 1974, 66: 625~640
[28]Masson, D. On the nonlinear coupling between swell and wind waves. J. Phys. Oceanogr.1993, 23: 1249~1258.
[29]Donson. F., W.Perrie, and B. Toulany:On the deep water fetch laws for wind-generated surface gravity waves. Atmos—Ocean, 1988, 27:210~236
[30]Hanson, J.L., and O. M. Phillips, Wind sea growth and dissipation in the open ocean. J.Phys. Oceanogr., 1999, 29: 1633~1648
[31]Violante-Carvalho, N., F.J. Ocampo-Torres and I. S. Robinson: Buoy observations of the influence of swell on wind waves in the open ocean. Applied Ocean Research, 2004, 26: 49~60
[32]黄必桂.渤海海浪的数值模拟和涌浪对风浪影响的研究[C].青岛:中国海洋大学,2008