电磁波生命探测方法研究
摘要
近年来,伴随着城市化进程的加快,城市的高大建筑日趋增多,钢筋混凝土结构占主导地位,各种管道、线路交错纵横的密度加大,以及城市人口密集等问题,使自然或人为灾害等各类突发事件的潜在危险与日俱增,一旦发生,将会造成人民生命财产的巨大损失。国内外多次大震后抢救生命的事实证明:对压埋人员抢救愈及时,救生、救活的可能性愈大。因此,为确保在紧急救援中用最短的时间找到被困人员,开展先进的生命救助探测与定位方法研究具有十分重要的意义。生命探测就是采用各种方法和手段来获取呼吸、心跳等生命信号并进行分析,从而判定生命体的存在与否,存活与否。电磁波探测不易受温度、热物体、声音等干扰,在生命搜索方面越来越引起人们的关注。
人体生命信号的检测实际上就是低速运动目标检测,运动目标检测就要用到多普勒效应,多普勒雷达发送连续的电磁波信号到被探测对象,返回的信号被调制而具有被探测对象运动的信息,因此只要解调出返回信号就可以获得人体生命信息;通过对探地雷达隔墙实测生命信号处理,分离出的呼吸、心跳信号符合人体生命信息。超宽带雷达目标信号的高分辨率距离像方法利用多散射中心概念,将人体不同部位作为不同散射点,通过距离的不同检测出人体生命信号。
本文系统介绍了连续波生命探测雷达的工作原理,分析运用了多普勒原理实现生命信号探测的理论依据,通过对生命信号和杂波的分析和建模,深刻了解了生命信号和杂波的特性;对实测的探地雷达回波信号做了详细的分析处理,重点介绍了数字滤波以及时频转换后的回波信号;最后讨论了超宽带理论,超宽带雷达发射信号的特点并在理论研究的基础上根据超宽带雷达目标的特性建立了人体探测的模型,仿真分析了在坐姿、躺姿不同姿态下呼气吸气的回波信号,并引用文献作为参考对照,证明了超宽带雷达目标信号的高分辨率距离像方法探测人体生命信号的有效性和可靠性。
In recent years, with the acceleration of urbanization, more and more high rise buildings are being built. The reinforced concrete structure is dominant. The density of various pipelines and wirings is increasing as well as that of the population of the city, all of which increases the potential danger of various natural or man-made disasters day by day. Any incident would cause the big losses of both people’s lives and properties. It proves after many life-saving home and abroad that the more timely to rescue the buried, the more possible to save the life. Therefore, it is with a great significance to launch the research on the advanced method of life-saving detection and location, which assures the shortest time in searching the buried.
To begin with, the detecting of signals of human life, actually, is target detection of low-speed motion by the way of Doppler effects in which Doppler radar sends continuous signals to detecting object. It is possible to receive information of human life once return signals own movable information of detecting object after modulation. Then, the separating signals of breath and heartbeat may accord with the information of human life by the treatment of life signals from ground penetrating radar in partition wall measurement. Signals of human life can be received through different distances by the way of multiple scatter center of UWB Radar which owns high resolution and view different human body as different scattering centers.
This paper systematically introduces the principle of work of CW radar detector. The analysis depends on the theory of Doppler signal detection method for life. Deep understanding about the characteristics of life signals and clutters could be achieved by analyzing and modeling the life signals and clutters. The paper make the detailed analysis on actually measured life radar echoed signals, focusing on the processing of digital filter and the echoed signals got after time-frequency transition. In the last, the paper discusses the ultra wideband theory and the characteristics of ultra-wideband radar signals and establishes the body detection model based on the theory study according to the characteristics of the ultra-wideband radar target. The echoed signals analyzed in this paper are obtained under the breath inhaling condition and contrasted by the quoted references, proving the validity and reliability of high resolution range image of ultra-wideband radar target signal on life detection.
人体生命信号的检测实际上就是低速运动目标检测,运动目标检测就要用到多普勒效应,多普勒雷达发送连续的电磁波信号到被探测对象,返回的信号被调制而具有被探测对象运动的信息,因此只要解调出返回信号就可以获得人体生命信息;通过对探地雷达隔墙实测生命信号处理,分离出的呼吸、心跳信号符合人体生命信息。超宽带雷达目标信号的高分辨率距离像方法利用多散射中心概念,将人体不同部位作为不同散射点,通过距离的不同检测出人体生命信号。
本文系统介绍了连续波生命探测雷达的工作原理,分析运用了多普勒原理实现生命信号探测的理论依据,通过对生命信号和杂波的分析和建模,深刻了解了生命信号和杂波的特性;对实测的探地雷达回波信号做了详细的分析处理,重点介绍了数字滤波以及时频转换后的回波信号;最后讨论了超宽带理论,超宽带雷达发射信号的特点并在理论研究的基础上根据超宽带雷达目标的特性建立了人体探测的模型,仿真分析了在坐姿、躺姿不同姿态下呼气吸气的回波信号,并引用文献作为参考对照,证明了超宽带雷达目标信号的高分辨率距离像方法探测人体生命信号的有效性和可靠性。
In recent years, with the acceleration of urbanization, more and more high rise buildings are being built. The reinforced concrete structure is dominant. The density of various pipelines and wirings is increasing as well as that of the population of the city, all of which increases the potential danger of various natural or man-made disasters day by day. Any incident would cause the big losses of both people’s lives and properties. It proves after many life-saving home and abroad that the more timely to rescue the buried, the more possible to save the life. Therefore, it is with a great significance to launch the research on the advanced method of life-saving detection and location, which assures the shortest time in searching the buried.
To begin with, the detecting of signals of human life, actually, is target detection of low-speed motion by the way of Doppler effects in which Doppler radar sends continuous signals to detecting object. It is possible to receive information of human life once return signals own movable information of detecting object after modulation. Then, the separating signals of breath and heartbeat may accord with the information of human life by the treatment of life signals from ground penetrating radar in partition wall measurement. Signals of human life can be received through different distances by the way of multiple scatter center of UWB Radar which owns high resolution and view different human body as different scattering centers.
This paper systematically introduces the principle of work of CW radar detector. The analysis depends on the theory of Doppler signal detection method for life. Deep understanding about the characteristics of life signals and clutters could be achieved by analyzing and modeling the life signals and clutters. The paper make the detailed analysis on actually measured life radar echoed signals, focusing on the processing of digital filter and the echoed signals got after time-frequency transition. In the last, the paper discusses the ultra wideband theory and the characteristics of ultra-wideband radar signals and establishes the body detection model based on the theory study according to the characteristics of the ultra-wideband radar target. The echoed signals analyzed in this paper are obtained under the breath inhaling condition and contrasted by the quoted references, proving the validity and reliability of high resolution range image of ultra-wideband radar target signal on life detection.
引文
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