微波带通滤波器的研究
|
摘要
随着通信技术的发展,频率资源日益紧张,分配到各类通信频段的信道间隔越来越密,造成系统间的信号干扰越来越多。为了降低系统对信号的衰减,抑制各种干扰信号,研制带窄、体积小、带外抑制度高的滤波器等高性能无源器件成为国内外研究的热点。
本文根据移动通信对滤波器的要求,研究了广义切比雪夫综合方法,设计出了应用于WCDMA移动通信频段的腔体带通滤波器。广义切比雪夫函数滤波器可以在带外实现有限个传输零点,通过在阻带任意位置处增加传输零点来提高带外的抑制性能而实现与椭圆函数滤波器相似的功能。本文的主要工作有:
阐述了广义切比雪夫滤波器综合理论:对于给定的传输零点,采用循环递归技术来构成传输和反射函数多项式,并利用传输和反射多项式综合出耦合矩阵。文中详细给出了具体的公式推导过程。
研究了几种常用的腔体滤波器结构,并根据本文滤波器的设计要求选用了同轴方腔来实现滤波器。
根据广义切比雪夫综合方法,由给定的传输零点和回波损耗,计算了一个在高频端具有两个传输零点的滤波器实例。并与参考文献比较,结果吻合良好,验证了综合过程的正确性。
根据WCDMA通信的要求,设计了一个六阶同轴方腔带通滤波器,并给出了详细的综合过程。利用综合出来的结果,结合HFSS软件对腔体滤波器进行了计算机仿真分析;利用网络分析仪进行实验研究。测试结果与实际需要的技术指标相吻合,进一步说明了本文公式推导和程序编写的可行性。
滤波器的调试是滤波器设计的一个重要部分,文中对调试步骤和技巧进行了具体的描述。
With the development of modern communication technologies, the Electromagnetic spectrum is limited and has to be shared; filters are used to select or confine the RF/microwave signals within assigned spectral limits. Filters play important roles in many RF/microwave applications. They are used to separate or combine different frequencies. Emerging applications such as wireless communications continue to challenge RF/microwave filters with ever more stringent requirements—higher performance, smaller size, lighter weight, and lower cost.
In this paper, based on the method of generalized Chebyshev synthesis, a cavity band-pass filter is studied and designed in order to satisfy the WCDMA mobile system demands. Generalized Chebyshev filter realize the finite-frequency transmission zeros, by adding transmission zero point in stop-band arbitrarily, the characteristic of out-of band is improved and the filter have the similar function with the elliptic functions filters. The main works of this paper is following:
Band-pass filter is studies based upon the generalized Chebyshev filter synthesis principle: Through recursions technique, the transfer and reflection function polynomials and coupling matrix is constructed with a return-loss level and prescribed zeros, and detailed deducing of formulations is given in this paper.
Several common forms of cavity filter are introduced, and the coaxial rectangle cavity structure is chosen to meet the design requirements of the filter. With given prescribed zeros and return-loss level, an example is presented in which the calculated results agree well with the available results and the synthesized process is validated.
Based on the generalized Chebyshev theory, a sixth-degree coaxial rectangle band-pass filter applied in WCDMA communication is designed and simulated by commercial software - HFSS. The experiment results show that the characteristics given by network analysis satisfy the designed requirement. The feasibility of formulation deducing and programming are further verified.
Lots of tuning works must be done in filter design and the procedure is also described in the papers.
本文根据移动通信对滤波器的要求,研究了广义切比雪夫综合方法,设计出了应用于WCDMA移动通信频段的腔体带通滤波器。广义切比雪夫函数滤波器可以在带外实现有限个传输零点,通过在阻带任意位置处增加传输零点来提高带外的抑制性能而实现与椭圆函数滤波器相似的功能。本文的主要工作有:
阐述了广义切比雪夫滤波器综合理论:对于给定的传输零点,采用循环递归技术来构成传输和反射函数多项式,并利用传输和反射多项式综合出耦合矩阵。文中详细给出了具体的公式推导过程。
研究了几种常用的腔体滤波器结构,并根据本文滤波器的设计要求选用了同轴方腔来实现滤波器。
根据广义切比雪夫综合方法,由给定的传输零点和回波损耗,计算了一个在高频端具有两个传输零点的滤波器实例。并与参考文献比较,结果吻合良好,验证了综合过程的正确性。
根据WCDMA通信的要求,设计了一个六阶同轴方腔带通滤波器,并给出了详细的综合过程。利用综合出来的结果,结合HFSS软件对腔体滤波器进行了计算机仿真分析;利用网络分析仪进行实验研究。测试结果与实际需要的技术指标相吻合,进一步说明了本文公式推导和程序编写的可行性。
滤波器的调试是滤波器设计的一个重要部分,文中对调试步骤和技巧进行了具体的描述。
With the development of modern communication technologies, the Electromagnetic spectrum is limited and has to be shared; filters are used to select or confine the RF/microwave signals within assigned spectral limits. Filters play important roles in many RF/microwave applications. They are used to separate or combine different frequencies. Emerging applications such as wireless communications continue to challenge RF/microwave filters with ever more stringent requirements—higher performance, smaller size, lighter weight, and lower cost.
In this paper, based on the method of generalized Chebyshev synthesis, a cavity band-pass filter is studied and designed in order to satisfy the WCDMA mobile system demands. Generalized Chebyshev filter realize the finite-frequency transmission zeros, by adding transmission zero point in stop-band arbitrarily, the characteristic of out-of band is improved and the filter have the similar function with the elliptic functions filters. The main works of this paper is following:
Band-pass filter is studies based upon the generalized Chebyshev filter synthesis principle: Through recursions technique, the transfer and reflection function polynomials and coupling matrix is constructed with a return-loss level and prescribed zeros, and detailed deducing of formulations is given in this paper.
Several common forms of cavity filter are introduced, and the coaxial rectangle cavity structure is chosen to meet the design requirements of the filter. With given prescribed zeros and return-loss level, an example is presented in which the calculated results agree well with the available results and the synthesized process is validated.
Based on the generalized Chebyshev theory, a sixth-degree coaxial rectangle band-pass filter applied in WCDMA communication is designed and simulated by commercial software - HFSS. The experiment results show that the characteristics given by network analysis satisfy the designed requirement. The feasibility of formulation deducing and programming are further verified.
Lots of tuning works must be done in filter design and the procedure is also described in the papers.
引文
[1] 陈世勇,雷剑梅,胡旭,杨士中,一种具有传输零点的 Hairpin 带通滤波器设计,电路与系统学报,vol.10,no.4,pp.145-147,Aug,2005.
[2] JIA-SHENG HONG, M.J.LANCASTER, Microstrip Filters for RF/Microwave Applications. Copyright 2001 John Wiley & Sons, lnc.
[3] 徐鸿飞,朱成钰,刘坚等,同轴腔带通滤波器的一种设计方法,微波学报,vol.20,no.2,pp.55-58,Jun.2004.
[4] 吕文中,孙建,梁飞,刘坚,低插损同轴型微波介质滤波器的设计,vol.23,no.5,pp6-8,May,2004.
[5] 张同超,鞠铭,葛寿兵,波导带通滤波器的精确设计和快速优化,光纤与电缆及其应用技术,no.2,pp30-33,2006.
[6] 刘渝,波导E 面金属膜片的分析及其在滤波器设计中的应用,电子科技,vol.9,pp.45-48,Sep,2005.
[7] 徐志勋,螺旋振子谐振腔滤波器的设计与应用,石家庄经济学院学报,vol.24,no.4,pp.412-416,Aug,2001.
[8] 柳光福,刘启明,葛光楣,介质谐振腔滤波器的设计,航空电子设计,vol.35,no.1,pp.32-36,Match,2004.
[9] 许四科,刘刚,高益等,通讯用高基频带通声表面波滤波器的设计,vol. 28, no. 2,pp.127-129,Apr. 2006.
[10] 吴小燕,覃亚丽,许佳等,多层陶瓷微波滤波器的设计,vol. 32,no. 5,pp.531-534,Oct. 2004
[11] 鞠铭,鲍赛红,沈海根,SIR带通滤波器的设计,光纤与电缆及其应用技术,no.5,2004.
[12] 柳衍,王文骐,应用在GSM系统MS中的新型有源滤波器,设备与器件,vol.3,pp.54-56,2000.
[13] 羊恺,王占平,补世容等,高温超导 X 波段带通滤波器的研制,vol.23,no.6,pp.91-93,Nov,2002.
[14] 褚庆昕,微波网络.
[15] 甘本袚,吴万春,现代微波滤波器的结构与设计,科学出版社,1974 年.
[16] 郗玫,苏涛,梁昌洪,广义Chebyshev滤波器的交叉耦合模型实现,应用科技, vol.33,no.3,pp.16-19,Mar,2006.
[17] 程晓辉,李杰,广义切比雪夫滤波器综合的统一理论,电子科技,no.5,pp.35-37, May,2006.
[18] 苏涛,梁昌洪,谢拥军,广义Chebyshev最优滤波器设计,电子学报,vol.31,no.12pp.2018-2020,Del,2003.
[19] 林为干,微波网络,国防工业出版社,1978 年.
[20] Yu Rong, Kawthar A.Zaki, Full-wave Analysis of Coupling Between Cylindrical Combline Resonator, IEEE Transaction on Microwave Theory and Techniques,vol.47,no.9, PP.1721-1729, Sep.1999.
[21] Smain Amari, Uwe Rosenberg, Jens Bornemann, Adaptive Synthesis and Deign of Resonator Filters With Source/Load-Multiresonator Coupling, IEEE Transctions of Theory and Techniques, vol.50,no.8,pp.1969-1978,Aug.2002.
[22] 谭小花,交指型带通腔体滤波器的设计,Ansoft 用户通讯,pp.5-7,2004.
[23] 李春红,李志强, 低频段腔体滤波器的小型化设计, 无线电工程,vol.36,no.2, pp.45-47,2006.
[24] 朱华彬,漆兰芬,多腔体射频可调谐滤波器的研究,华中科技大学学报,vol. 31, no. 2,pp.87-89,Feb, 2003.
[25] 熊莹霞,尹秋艳,张洪刚,一种可调带通腔体滤波器的设计, 舰船电子工程, vol.25,no.5,pp.126-128,2005.
[26] 姚毅,黄尚锐,调谐微波滤波器的腔间耦合结构研究,微波学报,vol.1,no.36,pp.16-22,1994.
[27] 梁飞,吕文中,汪小红等,1/4 波长同轴型微波介质滤波器的设计与仿真,华中科技大学学报,vol.32,no.4,pp.93-95,Apr.2004.
[28] 周正欧,陆祖森,卢铁成,LC 滤波器和螺旋滤波器的设计,成都电讯工程学院.
[29] Richard J.Cameron,General coupling matrix synthesis methods for Chebyshev filtering functions , IEEE Transaction on Microwave Theory and Techniques,vol.47,no.4, PP.433-442, Apr.1999.
[30] Richard J.Cameron , Advanced Coupling Matrix Synthesis Techniques for Microwave Filters, IEEE Transaction on Microwave Theory and Techniques,vol.51,no.1, PP.1-10, Jan.1999.
[31] Richard J.Cameron, J.D.Rhodes, Asymmetric realizations for dual-mode bandpass filters, IEEE Transaction on Microwave Theory and Techniques,vol.MTT-29, PP.51-58, Jan.1981.
[32] Richard J. Cameron, Christopher J. Radcliffe, Synthesis of Advanced Microwave Filters Without Diagonal Cross-Couplings, vol.50,no.12,PP.2862-2872, Dec.2002.
[33] A.E.Atia, A.E.Williams, R.W.Newcomb, Narrow-band multiple-coupled cavity synthesis, IEEE Trans.Circuit Syst.,vol.CAS-21,pp.649-655,Sep.1974.
[2] JIA-SHENG HONG, M.J.LANCASTER, Microstrip Filters for RF/Microwave Applications. Copyright 2001 John Wiley & Sons, lnc.
[3] 徐鸿飞,朱成钰,刘坚等,同轴腔带通滤波器的一种设计方法,微波学报,vol.20,no.2,pp.55-58,Jun.2004.
[4] 吕文中,孙建,梁飞,刘坚,低插损同轴型微波介质滤波器的设计,vol.23,no.5,pp6-8,May,2004.
[5] 张同超,鞠铭,葛寿兵,波导带通滤波器的精确设计和快速优化,光纤与电缆及其应用技术,no.2,pp30-33,2006.
[6] 刘渝,波导E 面金属膜片的分析及其在滤波器设计中的应用,电子科技,vol.9,pp.45-48,Sep,2005.
[7] 徐志勋,螺旋振子谐振腔滤波器的设计与应用,石家庄经济学院学报,vol.24,no.4,pp.412-416,Aug,2001.
[8] 柳光福,刘启明,葛光楣,介质谐振腔滤波器的设计,航空电子设计,vol.35,no.1,pp.32-36,Match,2004.
[9] 许四科,刘刚,高益等,通讯用高基频带通声表面波滤波器的设计,vol. 28, no. 2,pp.127-129,Apr. 2006.
[10] 吴小燕,覃亚丽,许佳等,多层陶瓷微波滤波器的设计,vol. 32,no. 5,pp.531-534,Oct. 2004
[11] 鞠铭,鲍赛红,沈海根,SIR带通滤波器的设计,光纤与电缆及其应用技术,no.5,2004.
[12] 柳衍,王文骐,应用在GSM系统MS中的新型有源滤波器,设备与器件,vol.3,pp.54-56,2000.
[13] 羊恺,王占平,补世容等,高温超导 X 波段带通滤波器的研制,vol.23,no.6,pp.91-93,Nov,2002.
[14] 褚庆昕,微波网络.
[15] 甘本袚,吴万春,现代微波滤波器的结构与设计,科学出版社,1974 年.
[16] 郗玫,苏涛,梁昌洪,广义Chebyshev滤波器的交叉耦合模型实现,应用科技, vol.33,no.3,pp.16-19,Mar,2006.
[17] 程晓辉,李杰,广义切比雪夫滤波器综合的统一理论,电子科技,no.5,pp.35-37, May,2006.
[18] 苏涛,梁昌洪,谢拥军,广义Chebyshev最优滤波器设计,电子学报,vol.31,no.12pp.2018-2020,Del,2003.
[19] 林为干,微波网络,国防工业出版社,1978 年.
[20] Yu Rong, Kawthar A.Zaki, Full-wave Analysis of Coupling Between Cylindrical Combline Resonator, IEEE Transaction on Microwave Theory and Techniques,vol.47,no.9, PP.1721-1729, Sep.1999.
[21] Smain Amari, Uwe Rosenberg, Jens Bornemann, Adaptive Synthesis and Deign of Resonator Filters With Source/Load-Multiresonator Coupling, IEEE Transctions of Theory and Techniques, vol.50,no.8,pp.1969-1978,Aug.2002.
[22] 谭小花,交指型带通腔体滤波器的设计,Ansoft 用户通讯,pp.5-7,2004.
[23] 李春红,李志强, 低频段腔体滤波器的小型化设计, 无线电工程,vol.36,no.2, pp.45-47,2006.
[24] 朱华彬,漆兰芬,多腔体射频可调谐滤波器的研究,华中科技大学学报,vol. 31, no. 2,pp.87-89,Feb, 2003.
[25] 熊莹霞,尹秋艳,张洪刚,一种可调带通腔体滤波器的设计, 舰船电子工程, vol.25,no.5,pp.126-128,2005.
[26] 姚毅,黄尚锐,调谐微波滤波器的腔间耦合结构研究,微波学报,vol.1,no.36,pp.16-22,1994.
[27] 梁飞,吕文中,汪小红等,1/4 波长同轴型微波介质滤波器的设计与仿真,华中科技大学学报,vol.32,no.4,pp.93-95,Apr.2004.
[28] 周正欧,陆祖森,卢铁成,LC 滤波器和螺旋滤波器的设计,成都电讯工程学院.
[29] Richard J.Cameron,General coupling matrix synthesis methods for Chebyshev filtering functions , IEEE Transaction on Microwave Theory and Techniques,vol.47,no.4, PP.433-442, Apr.1999.
[30] Richard J.Cameron , Advanced Coupling Matrix Synthesis Techniques for Microwave Filters, IEEE Transaction on Microwave Theory and Techniques,vol.51,no.1, PP.1-10, Jan.1999.
[31] Richard J.Cameron, J.D.Rhodes, Asymmetric realizations for dual-mode bandpass filters, IEEE Transaction on Microwave Theory and Techniques,vol.MTT-29, PP.51-58, Jan.1981.
[32] Richard J. Cameron, Christopher J. Radcliffe, Synthesis of Advanced Microwave Filters Without Diagonal Cross-Couplings, vol.50,no.12,PP.2862-2872, Dec.2002.
[33] A.E.Atia, A.E.Williams, R.W.Newcomb, Narrow-band multiple-coupled cavity synthesis, IEEE Trans.Circuit Syst.,vol.CAS-21,pp.649-655,Sep.1974.