Smith单相电动机运行性能分析与控制方法研究
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摘要
本文综述了三绕组单相电容电动机的发展历史、三相异步电动机在单相电源上运行的实现途径、以往三绕组单相电容电动机研究的目的和方法及研究现状；以三相异步电动机的瞬态数学模型为理论基础,结合对称分量法,全面、深入地研究了Smith单相电动机的稳态性能和瞬态性能。本文研究的主要内容有：
Smith单相电动机稳态性能分析。根据三相感应电动机的等效电路,利用对称分量法,建立了Smith单相电动机稳态分析的数学模型,推导出最佳移相电容的计算公式,通过具体实例对Smith单相电动机的稳态性能进行了全面的分析计算及仿真研究。
Smith单相电动机起动过程的瞬态分析。建立了Smith单相电动机在静止坐标系下的状态方程,便于计算机编程求解,其建模方法适合于任何接线方式的三绕组单相电容异步电动机,不仅如此,其建模思想还适合于三绕组单相电容同步电动机(包括磁阻同步电动机和永磁同步电动机)。通过对Smith单相电动机单值电容起动的实测波形和仿真波形的比较,验证了所建立的数学模型的正确性。提出了Smith单相电动机的一种新的起动方法,并且进行了仿真计算和实测验证,对仿真及实验结果进行了比较分析,从理论和实践上验证了这种起动方法的可行性。为了达到三相异步电动机的运行性能而又不增加投资成本,对专门设计的220V单相电源供电的Smith单相电动机的运行性能进行了仿真研究。
Smith单相电动机制动过程的瞬态分析。提出了几种Smith单相电动机直流、交流制动的接线方法；建立了对应不同的接线方法的Smith单相电动机静止坐标系下的电气制动混合磁链形式的数学模型。根据三相异步电动机的稳态等效电路及对称分量法,推导出交流电气制动中移相电容及电容电气制动的制动电容的容量计算公式。对Smith单相电动机的三种制动(直流、交流、电容制动)的瞬态过程进行了仿真研究,分析和比较了仿真结果,得到了具有很强实用价值的结论。
Smith单相电动机故障运行过程的瞬态分析。推导出了Smith单相电动机在四种故障状态(定子绕组开路、短路和电容器开路、短路故障)下的定子绕组端电压约束条件；建立了能适应四种故障状态的数学模型。对Smith单相电动机在四种故障状态下的运行情况进行了仿真和实验研究,分析和比较了仿真及实验结果。从而验证了本文建立的数学模型的正确性。
Smith单相电动机控制方法及模糊控制技术在Smith单相电动机中的应用研究。Smith单相电动机的调速与控制,是指应用电力电子技术对电机的转速进行调节以及对电机的运行性能进行控制。这方面的研究尚属空白,本论文第5章对其进行了初步探索,研究了斩波控制的单相交流调压器、单相矩阵变换器以及单相逆变器分别对Smith单相电动机供电时,Smith单相电动机的转速调节及运行性能控制方法。通过实例进行了仿真研究,仿真结果与理论分析相符。提出了参数自调节模糊-PID控制方法并将其应用于SPWM逆变器-Smith单相电动机系统中,同时通过实例进行了仿真研究。
Smith单相电动机设计及其在水泵供水中的应用。专门设计了一台线电压为220V的Smith单相电动机,比较了所设计的Smith单相电动机与普通单相电动机的性能,将所设计的Smith单相电动机用于水泵供水系统中,运行状况良好,验证了Smith单相电动机的高效性、可靠性。
This dissertation summarized the history of Tri-Winding single-phase Capacitance motor, the realization of three-phase asynchronous motor operating on single-phase power and the past research on the purpose, methods and current status of Tri-Winding single-phase Capacitance motor. Based on the transient mathematical model of three-phase asynchronous motor and combination of symmetrical components method, the paper comprehensively and deeply studied on the transient and steady-state performance of Smith single-phase motor. The main contents are as follows.
Firstly, the steady-state performance of Smith single-phase motor is analyzed. Using the symmetric component method, the steady-state mathematic model of Smith single-phase motor has been established based on the equivalent circuit of three-phase induction motors and the calculation equation for optimal phase-shifting capacitance is derived. Then, through concrete examples, steady state performance of Smith single-phase motor is comprehensively analyzed and calculated and researched by simulation.
Secondly, transient analysis on starting process of the Smith single-phase motor is achieved. The state equation of smith single-phase motor on the stationary coordinate system is established to easily program the computer, and the modeling method is suitable for any form connection of three-winding single-phase capacitor induction motor, further more, it also suitable for the three winding single-phase capacitor synchronous motor (including reluctance synchronous motor and permanent magnet synchronous motor). By comparing the measured waveform with the simulation waveform on starting process of smith single-phase motor with single value capacitor, the correctness of the mathematical model has been verified. This paper proposed a new starting method of smith single-phase motor, through simulation and experimental verification and then comparing and analyzed about simulation results, the feasibility of the proposed start-up method from theoretical and practical has been verified. In order to achieve three-phase induction motor performance without increasing the cost of investment, the operating performance of the special designed smith single-phase motor supplied by220V single-phase power is simulated.
Thirdly, it is presented the transient analysis on braking process of smith single-phase motor. Several connection methods of the AC braking and DC braking of smith single-phase motor is proposed. Based on the braking connection, mathematical model of the mixed flux form of smith single-phase motor on the electric braking state on stationary coordinate system is established. Based on the symmetrical components method and the steady-state equivalent circuit of three-phase induction motor, the calculating formula about capacity of AC braking phase-shifting capacitor and braking capacitor is derived. A comprehensive simulation on transient process of AC braking、DC braking and capacitor braking of smith single-phase motor is realized. Through comparing and analyzing the simulation results, the conclusions that had great practical value are achieved.
Fourthly, transient analysis of Smith single-phase motor operating at fault state is made. The terminal voltage constraints of the stator winding of smith single-phase motor when its stator windings in the conditions of the open-circuit, stator winding short circuit, capacitor open circuit and capacitor under short-circuit fault are deduced, and the unified mathematical model that is adequated for these fault state is established. Simulation and tests about the instance of smith single-phase motor under above-mentioned failure operation state are made and then the results are analyzed in comparatively. The results also verify that the mathematical model is correct.
Fifthly, research on smith single-phase motor control method and fuzzy control technology used in the Smith single-phase motors is done. Speeding and Controlling of smith single-phase motor is refers to using power electronics technology to regulate motor speed and motor control performance. Because the research in this area is blank, a preliminary exploration is conducted in chapter5of this paper. Research on methods of motor speed regulation and motor performance control for smith Single-phase motors is done when chopper-controlled single-phase AC voltage regulator, single-phase matrix converter, as well as single-phase voltage SVPWM inverter are used in smith single-phase motors. Through the example simulation, the simulation result is consistent with theoretical analysis. Then, the parameter self tuning fuzzy-PID control method is proposed and applied to the SPWM Inverter Smith single-phase motor system. Several examples simulation analysis also is done.
Finally, Smith single-phase motor design and its application in pump water supply system. Specially designed a Smith single-phase motor whose line voltage is220V and the performance of the specially designed Smith single-phase motor is compared with the general purpose single-phase motor. The Smith single-phase motor is used in the pump water supply system and operated well which verified its high efficiency and reliability.
Smith单相电动机稳态性能分析。根据三相感应电动机的等效电路,利用对称分量法,建立了Smith单相电动机稳态分析的数学模型,推导出最佳移相电容的计算公式,通过具体实例对Smith单相电动机的稳态性能进行了全面的分析计算及仿真研究。
Smith单相电动机起动过程的瞬态分析。建立了Smith单相电动机在静止坐标系下的状态方程,便于计算机编程求解,其建模方法适合于任何接线方式的三绕组单相电容异步电动机,不仅如此,其建模思想还适合于三绕组单相电容同步电动机(包括磁阻同步电动机和永磁同步电动机)。通过对Smith单相电动机单值电容起动的实测波形和仿真波形的比较,验证了所建立的数学模型的正确性。提出了Smith单相电动机的一种新的起动方法,并且进行了仿真计算和实测验证,对仿真及实验结果进行了比较分析,从理论和实践上验证了这种起动方法的可行性。为了达到三相异步电动机的运行性能而又不增加投资成本,对专门设计的220V单相电源供电的Smith单相电动机的运行性能进行了仿真研究。
Smith单相电动机制动过程的瞬态分析。提出了几种Smith单相电动机直流、交流制动的接线方法；建立了对应不同的接线方法的Smith单相电动机静止坐标系下的电气制动混合磁链形式的数学模型。根据三相异步电动机的稳态等效电路及对称分量法,推导出交流电气制动中移相电容及电容电气制动的制动电容的容量计算公式。对Smith单相电动机的三种制动(直流、交流、电容制动)的瞬态过程进行了仿真研究,分析和比较了仿真结果,得到了具有很强实用价值的结论。
Smith单相电动机故障运行过程的瞬态分析。推导出了Smith单相电动机在四种故障状态(定子绕组开路、短路和电容器开路、短路故障)下的定子绕组端电压约束条件；建立了能适应四种故障状态的数学模型。对Smith单相电动机在四种故障状态下的运行情况进行了仿真和实验研究,分析和比较了仿真及实验结果。从而验证了本文建立的数学模型的正确性。
Smith单相电动机控制方法及模糊控制技术在Smith单相电动机中的应用研究。Smith单相电动机的调速与控制,是指应用电力电子技术对电机的转速进行调节以及对电机的运行性能进行控制。这方面的研究尚属空白,本论文第5章对其进行了初步探索,研究了斩波控制的单相交流调压器、单相矩阵变换器以及单相逆变器分别对Smith单相电动机供电时,Smith单相电动机的转速调节及运行性能控制方法。通过实例进行了仿真研究,仿真结果与理论分析相符。提出了参数自调节模糊-PID控制方法并将其应用于SPWM逆变器-Smith单相电动机系统中,同时通过实例进行了仿真研究。
Smith单相电动机设计及其在水泵供水中的应用。专门设计了一台线电压为220V的Smith单相电动机,比较了所设计的Smith单相电动机与普通单相电动机的性能,将所设计的Smith单相电动机用于水泵供水系统中,运行状况良好,验证了Smith单相电动机的高效性、可靠性。
This dissertation summarized the history of Tri-Winding single-phase Capacitance motor, the realization of three-phase asynchronous motor operating on single-phase power and the past research on the purpose, methods and current status of Tri-Winding single-phase Capacitance motor. Based on the transient mathematical model of three-phase asynchronous motor and combination of symmetrical components method, the paper comprehensively and deeply studied on the transient and steady-state performance of Smith single-phase motor. The main contents are as follows.
Firstly, the steady-state performance of Smith single-phase motor is analyzed. Using the symmetric component method, the steady-state mathematic model of Smith single-phase motor has been established based on the equivalent circuit of three-phase induction motors and the calculation equation for optimal phase-shifting capacitance is derived. Then, through concrete examples, steady state performance of Smith single-phase motor is comprehensively analyzed and calculated and researched by simulation.
Secondly, transient analysis on starting process of the Smith single-phase motor is achieved. The state equation of smith single-phase motor on the stationary coordinate system is established to easily program the computer, and the modeling method is suitable for any form connection of three-winding single-phase capacitor induction motor, further more, it also suitable for the three winding single-phase capacitor synchronous motor (including reluctance synchronous motor and permanent magnet synchronous motor). By comparing the measured waveform with the simulation waveform on starting process of smith single-phase motor with single value capacitor, the correctness of the mathematical model has been verified. This paper proposed a new starting method of smith single-phase motor, through simulation and experimental verification and then comparing and analyzed about simulation results, the feasibility of the proposed start-up method from theoretical and practical has been verified. In order to achieve three-phase induction motor performance without increasing the cost of investment, the operating performance of the special designed smith single-phase motor supplied by220V single-phase power is simulated.
Thirdly, it is presented the transient analysis on braking process of smith single-phase motor. Several connection methods of the AC braking and DC braking of smith single-phase motor is proposed. Based on the braking connection, mathematical model of the mixed flux form of smith single-phase motor on the electric braking state on stationary coordinate system is established. Based on the symmetrical components method and the steady-state equivalent circuit of three-phase induction motor, the calculating formula about capacity of AC braking phase-shifting capacitor and braking capacitor is derived. A comprehensive simulation on transient process of AC braking、DC braking and capacitor braking of smith single-phase motor is realized. Through comparing and analyzing the simulation results, the conclusions that had great practical value are achieved.
Fourthly, transient analysis of Smith single-phase motor operating at fault state is made. The terminal voltage constraints of the stator winding of smith single-phase motor when its stator windings in the conditions of the open-circuit, stator winding short circuit, capacitor open circuit and capacitor under short-circuit fault are deduced, and the unified mathematical model that is adequated for these fault state is established. Simulation and tests about the instance of smith single-phase motor under above-mentioned failure operation state are made and then the results are analyzed in comparatively. The results also verify that the mathematical model is correct.
Fifthly, research on smith single-phase motor control method and fuzzy control technology used in the Smith single-phase motors is done. Speeding and Controlling of smith single-phase motor is refers to using power electronics technology to regulate motor speed and motor control performance. Because the research in this area is blank, a preliminary exploration is conducted in chapter5of this paper. Research on methods of motor speed regulation and motor performance control for smith Single-phase motors is done when chopper-controlled single-phase AC voltage regulator, single-phase matrix converter, as well as single-phase voltage SVPWM inverter are used in smith single-phase motors. Through the example simulation, the simulation result is consistent with theoretical analysis. Then, the parameter self tuning fuzzy-PID control method is proposed and applied to the SPWM Inverter Smith single-phase motor system. Several examples simulation analysis also is done.
Finally, Smith single-phase motor design and its application in pump water supply system. Specially designed a Smith single-phase motor whose line voltage is220V and the performance of the specially designed Smith single-phase motor is compared with the general purpose single-phase motor. The Smith single-phase motor is used in the pump water supply system and operated well which verified its high efficiency and reliability.
引文
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